UNDERSTANDING MARKETS IN AFGHANISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE MARKET IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Industrial Organization,

UNDERSTANDING MARKETS IN AFGHANISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE RAISIN MARKET

Industrial Organization,

The processes and dynamics of pastoralist representation in Ethiopia

The functioning of democratic institutions has the potential to bring about substantial policy change in favour of poor and marginalised people. However, there is a limited understanding of how to strengthen the political representation of poor people within democratic structures. This paper looks at one example of how the political representation of a historically marginalised and excluded group – pastoralists in Ethiopia – is shifting and changing. Based on research at federal, regional and sub-regional levels in Ethiopia, it discusses the establishment of a body within parliament committed to representing this group. It identifies the critical factors which led to its formation as changes in the broader political environment as well as a specific moment of change, the role of key actors both internally and externally, and the cumulative effect of the mobilisation of a substantial group of MPs. The paper also discusses the limitations of both this body and other structures of political representation in the political context of Ethiopia. The key constraint to effective political representation is identified as the broader political environment, including a lack of political competition and an absence of institutionalised democratic processes

A form for recording objectively adult-child contacts in nursery school and home

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Synthesis, structures and properties of inorganic framework materials

Chapter 1 reviews the literature on the structures and properties of inorganic framework materials that are of relevance to this thesis. In particular the phenomenon of negative thermal expansion and the AM(_2)O(_8)/AM(_2)O(_7) families of materials are discussed. Chapter 2 describes the methods of synthesis and characterisation of the materials investigated in this thesis. Chapter 3 discusses the dehydration reaction of M(_o)O(_2).H(_2)O.PO(_3)OH. The study involved the introduction of a new methodology for whole pattern powder fitting; this method was later verified by full Rietveld analysis. This investigation led to the discovery and structure solution of two new molybdenum phosphates using powder XRD. These materials have been named β-(MoO(_2))(_2)P(_2)0(_7) and β -(Mo0(_2))(_2)P(_2)0(_7). A structural pathway for the dehydration reactions has been proposed which is consistent with all of these structures and other analytical data obtained. Chapter 4 describes investigations into the structures of a-(Mo02)2P207 by powder diffraction and NMR methods. The high temperature structure was confirmed to be related to a literature model. The low temperature structure was further studied by electron diffraction, second harmonic generation and solid state NMR. The use of these complementary techniques with powder X-ray and neutron diffraction data, led to the solution of the complex superstructure. Chapter 5 describes a study into the structures of (MoO)(_2)P(_4)0(_13). The material undergoes a phase transition at 523 K. The low temperature structure contains 441 unique atoms and as such is the most crystallographically complex oxide solved to date. The high temperature structure contains 253 unique atoms and is the second most complex oxide in the ICSD. Chapter 6 describes the in-situ X-ray studies on the synthesis of M0P(_2)O(_7) from precursors Mo0(_2)(P0(_3))(_2) and (MoO)(_2)P(_4)0(_13) in an H(_2) environment. (Mo0(_2))(_2)P(_2)0(_7) was studied under similar conditions and found to decompose to an unidentifiable poorly crystalline phase. Chapter 7 describes the discovery of a new high temperature synthetic route to cubic ZrMo(_2)0(_8) using extremely rapid time-resolved XRD data recorded at the ESRF. The cubic material forms from its constituent oxides at 1350 K and can be isolated back at room temperature using a quench cooling method. A pure phase sample can be prepared using a Zr0(_2):Mo0(_3) ratio of 1:3. The entire synthesis occurs within seconds and precise control of temperature and time is crucial for this synthesis

EXPLORATORY STUDY OF RETENTION AND EFFICACY IN FEMALE DOMESTIC MINOR SEX TRAFFICKING RESIDENTIAL PROGRAMS

If the problem of sex trafficking was not difficult enough to manage, the restoration process of survivors certainly is; specifically in treating survivors who do not want to be rescued and have no intention of changing once they are. Due to a myriad of reasons, primarily including trauma, many female victims of Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) are refusing treatment and running away from facilities that attempt restoration. This study seeks to ascertain the various reasons that girls run, as well as the strengths and challenges that care providers have found in their healing process. Qualitative results assessed from three DMST residential facilities across the United States found that facilities are in need of enhanced micro, mezzo, and macro levels of care, as well as an option for girls that are in need of a temporary lock down facility. Each safe home interviewed was widely different from the others and had numerous successes and challenges in its functioning

Public Health and Emergency Preparedness: CRS Experts

This table provides access to names and contact information for CRS experts on policy concerns relating to public health and emergency preparedness

110th Congress

The 2001 terrorist attacks, Hurricane Katrina, and concerns about an influenza ("flu") pandemic have sharpened congressional interest in the nation's systems to track and respond to public health threats. The 109th Congress passed laws that reauthorized public health and medical preparedness and response programs in the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and reorganized parts of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), including the establishment of an Office of Health Affairs (OHA). This report discusses key issues in public health and medical preparedness and response, citing additional CRS reports and other resources