The Analysis of Student’s difficulties Based on Skemp’s Understanding Theorem at The Grade VII in Quadrilateral Topic

In learning process must be found the student’s learning difficulties. The difficulties blocked students in learning process caused by several internal factors(talent, motive, intelligence, motivation) and external factors (family, teachers, peers). The student difficulty in learning general is caused by the lack of understanding of mathematical concepts. Skemp states that there are two types of mathematical concepts understanding, namely instrumental understanding and relational understanding. The purpose of research in this article is to describe the students' difficulties to solve the problem in a quadrilateral topic based on Skemp's Understanding theory. Skemp’s Understanding theory indicators include : students ability to classify objects based on requirements that can build this concept, students ability to apply this concept with algorithm , students ability to giving examples of a concept, students ability to present the concept in mathematics representation, students ability to relating various mathematical concepts, and the ability to develop the necessary terms and conditions is quite a concept. This research was designed in qualitative research. The data was collected by test and interview. The results show that the most difficult is about the students ability to relating various mathematical concepts

Affective Aspect of Junior High School Students Viewed from Self Efficacy

The relevance of this research is the growth of character values for students in Indonesia. Mathematics is a subject that builds character value for students. This can be seen from how students view mathematics from their perspective. Students' perspective can be seen as a student's assessment of the mathematics such as from the attitudes, interests, self-concepts, values, and morals shown in the learning process of mathematics with the students' willingness to act positively or negatively. In mathematics learning, this is called the affective aspect (AA). One of the factors influencing students’ AA is self-efficacy (SE). SE is a belief that is someone has to complete a given task or problem. There are three categories of SE that owned by students, that is high, medium, and low. The purpose of this study is to determine which ones provide better mathematics AA than students. The research subjects are 294 students in Karanganyar Regency. Data is obtained by questionnaire. Based on the results of data analysis, the conclusion is students with high SE have better mathematics AA than students with moderate and low SE, while students with moderate SE have better mathematics AA than students with low SE

The Growth of Botryococcus Braunii Microalgae as a Lipid Producer in a Mixed Medium of Coconut Water and Seawater

Energy needs in fuel sector tend to increase for supporting human life. Green microalgae (Chlorophyceae) can be used as an alternative solutions for bioenergy. Botryococcus braunii is lipid producer microalgae which can be processed further into biodiesel. Microalgae growth medium such as Walne can be substituted with coconut water that reducing economical cost. This research aims to determine the growth of B. braunii using coconut water and its effect on lipid production. The experiment conducted into five treatments of coconut water consist of P0 (0%), P1 (10%), P2 (7.5%), P3 (5%), and P4 (2.5%) for five days incubation and three repetitive step. Microalgae growth was calculated according to cell count using hemocytometer. The results showed that 2.5% coconut water substitution exhibited the best growth rate and lipid production, i.e. the amount of 547 cells / ml and produced lipid level according to these treatment increased 179% comparing with control

Peningkatan Kadar Sulfur Dan Selenium Hijauan Zea Mays Saccharata Oleh Pemupukan Fosfor Dalam Suspensi Fermentasi Acetobacter-saccharomyces Sulfur and Selenium Content Improvement of Zea Mays Saccharata with Phosphorus Fertilization in the Fermented Acetobacter-saccharomyces Solution

A greenhouse experiment was conducted during 6 weeks on acid latosolic soil and low phosphorus availability. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates was used. The treatments were control, RP, SP, RP+FSAS, and SP+FSAS. Phosphorus fertilizer level was 200 kg P2O5/ha (2.96 g RP/pot or 2.22 g SP/pot). Sweet corn was cut and measured for S and Se content on 6 weeks after planting. All data were analyzed by the GLM procedure of SAS. Significant differences among the treatments were calculated by DMRT. The results show that SP+FSAS increased S and Se content significantly higher compared to control and RP (

Penerapan Model Creative Problem Solving (Cps) Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Dan Hasil Belajar Kimia Pada Materi Pokok Termokimia Siswa Kelas XI. Ia2 SMA Negeri Colomadu Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menerapkan model pembelajaran CPS dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa SMA Negeri Colomadu pada materi pokok termokimia. (2) menerapkan model pembelajaran CPS dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SMA Negeri Colomadu pada materi pokok termokimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI. IA2 SMA N Colomadu tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer, yaitu nilai prestasi siswa dan hasil observasi tindakan, dan data sekunder, yaitu dokumentasi, RPP, silabus, daftar siswa dan daftar nilai siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) model pembelajaran CPS dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa, yaitu berdasarkan lembar observasi meningkat dari 56,33% pada siklus I menjadi 72,65% pada siklus II dan berdasarkan angket meningkat dari 58,4% pada siklus I menjadi 74,14% pada siklus II. (2) model pembelajaran CPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, hasil belajar kognitif meningkat dari 62,86% pada siklus I menjadi 85,71% pada siklus II dan hasil belajar afektif meningkat dari 66,38% pada siklus I menjadi 71,67% pada siklus II

Pengaruh Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus Erosus L. Urban) Dan Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Terhadap Kandungan Radikal Bebas Pada Daging Ayam Yang Diradiasi Dengan Sinar Ultraviolet

Radiasi sinar UV berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Radiasi UV bisa menyebabkan terjadinya radikal bebas. Radiasi sinar UV berbahaya bagi kulit, karena dapat menyebabkan kanker kulit. Munculnya radikal bebas dapat dicegah oleh suatu zat antioksidan. Bengkuang dan lidah buaya digunakan sebagai antioksidan karena dapat mengurangi kandungan radikal bebas. Bengkuang dan lidah buaya memiliki kandungan antioksidan berupa saponin, flavonoid, isoflavon, lignin, vitamin E dan vitamin C. Bengkuang berperan sebagai antioksidan yang lebih baik dibanding dengan lidah buaya. Bengkuang dapat menangkal radikal bebas (SO4-), (SO3-), sedangkan lidah buaya hanya menangkal radikal bebas (SO4-)

Neo-petik Laut: Local Wisdom in Environmental Conservation and Improvement of Coastal Community Economic Blue Spring Malang

Petik laut is a tradition routinely done by people around the beach area Sendang Biru for seven days. This tradition is carried out as a form of gratitude to the yields obtained within one year. Most of the crops used as offerings below to sea and drowned. Petik laut is a local wisdom that is ingrained and believed to be a respect for nature. However, it would be better if the culture can work together and in harmony with nature that has provided many benefits. So that local knowledge can provide added value to the environment, particularly the marine environment that will have a positive impact. Therefore, the necessary insertion of several activities in the tradition of sea quotation. Implementation of the activities discussed in this proposal is to transplant coral reefs, Restocking Groupers and clean beach. Hopefully this program can be a benchmark for the success of environment l conservation in the marine waters buadaya integration and local knowledge, as well as an example for the ceremony Pick Sea in all regions in Indonesia

Model Additive-vector Autoregressive Exogenous Untuk Prediksi Curah Hujan Di Kabupaten Indramayu

Kabupaten Indramayu merupakan wilayah produksipadi utama di Jawa Barat dengan kontribusisebesar 35% dari produksi total provinsi.Kejadian El Nino pada tahun 1991, 1994, dan 1997menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi akibat kegagalanpanen mencapai 571 miliar rupiah. Kegagalan panentersebut dapat diminimalkan apabila petani mampuberadaptasi dengan Perubahan musim dan memilikipemahaman terhadap informasi prediksi cuaca.Penelitian ini menentukan model peramalan danpengembangannya dengan deret waktu ganda VectorAutoregressive Exogenous (VARX). VARX disusunberdasarkan peubah endogen dan eksogen, sebagaipeubah endogen adalah curah hujan dan peubaheksogen adalah anomali Sea Surface Temperature(SST) Nino 3.4, Dipole Mode Index (DMI), danSouthern Oscilation Index (SOI). Model VARXyang dikembangkan disebut sebagai model aditif-VARX. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah model yangdibuat menggunakan fungsi pemulus dan peubahindikator curah hujan (bulan basah, bulan lembabdan bulan kering). Nilai korelasi model aditif-VARXuntuk masing-masing stasiun curah hujan SalamDarma dan Gantar adalah 0,72 dan 0,73, sedangkannilai RMSEP 14,04 dan 16,04. Selanjutnya RelativeOperating Characteristics (ROC) digunakan untukmenentukan skill prediksi model aditif VARX. HasilROC menunjukkan bahwa model memiliki nilaiskill hanya pada bulan-bulan tertentu yakni padabulan Januari, Pebruari, Maret, April, November,Desember untuk atas normal. Model handal untukmusim hujan atas normal. Berarti bahwa model inihandal untuk prediksi curah hujan di Indramayu