4 research outputs found

    ΠšΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡ плотности ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² с Ρ‚ΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ

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    Despite all recent efforts, cancer of the uterine cervix still remains one of the most frequent malignancies among women. Lymphatic vessels represent the primary route of tumor cells dissemination in cervical cancer. It has been demonstrated that cervical neoplasia actively participates in the recruitment of new blood and lymphatic vessels. Macrophages are extremely versatile cells which have a significant contribution to tumor progression. The aim: 1) To establish the correlation between tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and the grade of the uterine cervix neoplasia; 2) To evaluate the distribution of TAM within both intratumoral and peritumoral areas. Material and Methods: Ninety-six cases were studied. The specimens were fixed in buffered formalin and paraffin embedded. Step sections, 5ΞΌm thick, were performed for each case. Initial sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin, for the pathological diagnosis and grading of the tumor. Lesions were classified as follows: squamous cell metaplasia (n = 12), CIN I (n = 8), CIN II (n = 6), CIN III (n = 24), microinvasive carcinoma (n = 16) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (n = 26). Additional sections for each case were stained for CD68 antibody, in order to highlight the macrophages. Quantification of macrophage population has been made based on hot-spot technique. The arithmetic media of 3 (Γ— 200) fields represented the final result. Results: We found a statistical correlation between peritumoral macrophages (PTM) and intratumoral macrophages in all stages of cervical neoplasia, macrophage density and tumor stage (p = 0.01). In 16 cases we found vascular invasion. Almost in all these cases (87.5%) intravascular tumor emboli were embedded with CD68 cells. Conclusions: based on these findings, we consider that macrophages are key regulators of cervical cancer progression. TAM targeted management could be an essential therapeutic strategy, not only in order to suppress the progression of cervical neoplasia, but also to inhibit macrophage-mediated vascular invasion.Π Π°ΠΊ шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ остаСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ злокачСствСнных Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ТСнского насСлСния. ЛимфатичСскиС сосуды ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ мСтастазирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… лимфатичСских сосудов. ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ – ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ большоС влияниС Π½Π° прогрСссированиС ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ЦСль: 1). ВыявлСниС коррСляции ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ стадиСй прогрСссии Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ; 2). ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ особСнностСй распрСдСлСния ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ массы ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ Π½Π΅Π΅. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ 96 случаСв. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» фиксировали Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠ½. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ случая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ срСзы, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π² 5 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. Π˜Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, срСзы ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ гСматоксилин-эозином для опрСдСлСния гистопатологичСского Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: плоскоклСточная мСтаплазия (n = 12), CIN I (n = 8), CIN II (n = 6), CIN III (n = 24), ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ° (n = 16), ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΠΊ (n = 26). Для выявлСния ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²oΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ иммуногистохимичСскоС исслСдованиС с использованиСм ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π° CD68. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ популяции ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ hot-spot. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠΌΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠΌΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎ всСх стадиях прогрСссии Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ стадиСй ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (p = 0,01). Π’ 16 случаях выявили сосудистыС эмболы. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ всСх случаях (87,5%) внутрисосудистыС эмболы содСрТали Π² сСбС CD68 ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡΡΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°Ρ…, ΠΌΡ‹ считаСм, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ

    Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of mandibular bone tissue regeneration

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    The purpose of the study was to perform an immunohistochemical and histological evaluation of samples taken from different bone regeneration procedures in atrophic human mandible. 30 patients (15 men and 15 women, age range of 35-60 years), non-smokers, with good general and oral health were recruited in this study and divided into three groups. The first group included patients who were treated with blood Concentration Growth Factors (bCGF), the second group included patients who were treated with a mixture of bCGF and autologous bone, while the third group of patients was treated with bCGF and tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (TCP-HA). Six months after the regenerative procedures, all patients undergone implant surgery, and a bone biopsy was carried out in the site of implant insertion. Each sample was histologically and immunohistochemically examined. Histological evaluation showed a complete bone formation for group II, partial ossification for group I, and moderate ossification for group III. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the three groups, and the best clinical result was obtained with a mixture of bCGF and autologous bone

    Роль Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° сосудистого ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° роста (VEGFR-3) Π² процСссС ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ

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    In spite of the huge achievements made in the early detection of uterine cervix cancer, this disease remains one of the most widespread human malignancies throughout the world. Nowadays, there is a tendency of cervical cancer to affect the youth population. Early metastasizing is a critical point in evolution of this disease. Lymphatic vessels (LV) represents the primary route of cancer cells spreading towards the distant sites. That is why understanding of new lymphatics recruitment by the tumor, at molecular level, could be a potent support in solving of metastasizing. VEGFR-3 is a tyrosine-kinase receptor, specific for lymphatic endothelial cells, that being activated provides their proliferation, surviving and migration. It has been demonstrated that VEGF-R3 mediates invasion activity of tumor cells into surrounding stroma and vascular structures. The aim of this research was to study the importance of VEGFR-3 in cervical carcinogenesis. Material and methods: We studied biological material, taken by targeted biopsy and conization, from women with detectable cervical lesions. Detection VEGFR-3 was made using monoclonal antibody anti VEGF-R3 through Avidin-Biotin working system, LSAB technique. Lymphatic microvascular density was assessed by podoplanin labeling, using anti D2-40. A statistical analysis was made with SPSS 13.0. Results: We obtained VEGFR-3 expression in LV, blood vessels, tumor mass and stromal cells. The highest density of VEGFR-3 LV was in CIN III with gradually decreasing in invasive stages. In invasive carcinoma we obtained statistically significant correlation between tumor VEGFR-3 expression and vascular invasion. Conclusions: VEGFR-3 is not specific for lymphatic endothelium. It can not be used for alone lymphatic microvascular density assessing. It is actively involved in vascular invasion.НСсмотря Π½Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ успСх, достигнутый Π² выявлСниС Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ (РШМ) Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… стадиях развития, Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ остаСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ злокачСствСнных Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ всСм ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅. На сСгодняшний дСнь Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ тСндСнция омолоТСния РШМ. Π Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ мСтастазированиС являСтся ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΈ заболСвания. ЛимфатичСскиС сосуды ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ распространСния ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. Π’ связи с этим, ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² образования лимфатичСских сосудов Π½Π° молСкулярном ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ. VEGFR-3 являСтся Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ. Он находится Π½Π° повСрхности лимфатичСских ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происходит ΠΈΡ… пролифСрация, миграция ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ VEGFR-3 Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ инвазию Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² строму ΠΈ сосуды. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹: ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ VEGFR-3 Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ РШМ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ биологичСский ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π», ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ посрСдством ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… биопсий ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ с макроскопичСски выявлСнным ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ шСйки ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Для опрСдСлСния VEGFR-3 Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° использована систСма Avidin-Biotin, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° LSAB , с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ VEGFR-3. Для опрСдСлСния лимфатичСских сосудов Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ D2-40. БтатистичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ SPSS 13.0. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: ΠΌΡ‹ выявили ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡŽ VEGFR-3 Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² лимфатичСских сосудах, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² кровСносных сосудах, Π² ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ массС ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… стромы. Наибольшая ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ лимфатичСских сосудов Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° стадии CIN III (ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ нСоплазия), с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ прогрСссивным ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. На стадии ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ экспрСссии VEGFR-3 ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ сосудистой ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ экспрСссии VEGFR-3 ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ внутрисосудистыми ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ эмболами. Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: VEGFR-3 Π½Π΅ являСтся спСцифичСским ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для лимфатичСского эндотСлия. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ для опрСдСлСния лимфатичСской микрососудистой плотности. VEGFR-3 Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π² процСсс сосудистой ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ

    Expression of CK5 basal cytokeratin in primary breast carcinoma

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    Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Laboratory of Morphology, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: CK5 positive cells represent progenitors for glandular and myoepithelial lineages of mammary epithelium. During epithelial differentiation there is a gradual decrease of CK5 expression. In case of benign lesions the proliferating luminal cells show a high expression of CK5. Contrary, the majority of malignancies which are derived from differentiated glandular cells line do not reveal immunohistochemical staining with CK5 marker. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of basal cytokeratin CK5 vs hormone receptors, HER2, Ki67 and molecular subtype’s immunohistochemically defined in the primary breast carcinomas of NST type. Material and methods: We processed 108 invasive breast carcinomas of NST type. The specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded as traditionally. Sections were immunostained (ER, PR, HER2, CK5 and Ki67) automatically with Leica Bond-Max autostainer. Results: Breast carcinoma of NST type was in majority of cases CK5 negative (94 cases/87%). The positive CK5 cases had a high grade of differentiation. CK5 negative tumors were usually hormone positive, but in 8 cases/6.5% a combined simultaneous CK5-ER (PR) positive expression was determined. From 22 HER2 positive cases, 16 were CK5 negative. CK5 value correlated statistically significant with all used markers, except grade of differentiation: a positive Pearson coefficient was determined in relation to HER2 and Ki67, and a negative one compared to hormone receptors and molecular subtype. Conclusions: We support CK5 potential value in molecular subtype’s differentiation. Breast carcinoma of NST type is usually CK5 negative and hormone positive. The presence of cases with simultaneous expression of CK5 and hormone receptors is an open field to debate the existence of other, transient molecular subtypes and we expect a further confirmation in larger study groups
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