Post-Covid-19 Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Objectives The long-term consequences of COVID-19 infection on the gastrointestinal tract remain unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction after hospitalisation for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Design GI-COVID-19 is a prospective, multicentre, controlled study. Patients with and without COVID-19 diagnosis were evaluated on hospital admission and after 1, 6 and 12 months post hospitalisation. Gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety and depression were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results The study included 2183 hospitalised patients. The primary analysis included a total of 883 patients (614 patients with COVID-19 and 269 controls) due to the exclusion of patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal symptoms and/or surgery. At enrolment, gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequent among patients with COVID-19 than in the control group (59.3% vs 39.7%, p < 0.001). At the 12-month follow-up, constipation and hard stools were significantly more prevalent in controls than in patients with COVID-19 (16% vs 9.6%, p=0.019 and 17.7% vs 10.9%, p=0.011, respectively). Compared with controls, patients with COVID-19 reported higher rates of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) according to Rome IV criteria: 0.5% versus 3.2%, p=0.045. Factors significantly associated with IBS diagnosis included history of allergies, chronic intake of proton pump inhibitors and presence of dyspnoea. At the 6-month follow-up, the rate of patients with COVID-19 fulfilling the criteria for depression was higher than among controls. Conclusion Compared with controls, hospitalised patients with COVID-19 had fewer problems of constipation and hard stools at 12 months after acute infection. Patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher rates of IBS than controls

DUSUNEN ADAM-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia - Child Form according to DSM-5. Method: The study group consisted of 50 patients treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with any specific phobia and 100 healthy volunteers. For the assessment, the Screen for Childhood Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) was used along with the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia Child Form according to DSM-5. Results: For reliability, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated to be 0.96t Test-retest correlation coefficient was calculated r=0.750. As for construct validity, one factor that could explain 74.1% of the variance was obtained, which is consistent with the original structure of the scale. As for concurrent validity, the correlation coefficient with the SCARED in children is r=0.480. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Severity Measure for Specific Phobia - Child Form can be utilized as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

JOURNAL OF MOOD DISORDERS

Objective: This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Panic Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form. Method: Study group consisted of 34 patients that have been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with panic disorder and 100 healthy volunteers that were attending middle or high school during the study period. For assessment, Screen for Childhood Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) and DSM-5 Panic Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form were used. Results: Regarding reliability analyses, Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.912 while item-total score correlation coefficients were measured between 0.520 and 0.810. Test-retest correlation coefficient was calculated as r=0.562. As for construct validity, one factor that explained 56.9% of the variance was obtained. As for concurrent validity, the scale showed a high correlation (r=0.702 p<0.0001) with panic disorder subscale of screen for child anxiety and related emotional disorders (SCARED). In ROC analysis, area under ROC curve was calculated as 0.947. Conclusion: It was concluded that Turkish version of the DSM-5 Panic Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form could be utilized as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Separation Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form. METHODS: The scale was prepared by carrying out translation and back-translation of the DSM-5 Separation Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form. The study group consisted of 41 patients who had been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder and 100 healthy volunteers who were attending middle or high school during the study period. For the assessment, Screen for Childhood Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) was also used, along with the DSM-5 Separation Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form. RESULTS: The Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.932, while the item-total score correlation coefficients were between 0.400 and 0.874. One factor that could explain 63% of the variance was obtained. The scale showed a medium correlation with SCARED. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated as 0.898. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the Turkish version of DSM-5 Separation Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale-Child Form could be used as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT

Purpose: This study assessed early-onset psychiatric disorders and factors related to these disorders in a group of refugee children after immigration due to war. Materials and methods: This study was conducted between January 2016 and June 2016. Clinical interviews were conducted with 89 children and their families, and were performed by native speakers of Arabic and Persian who had been primarily educated in these languages and were living in Turkey. A strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) that had Arabic and Persian validity and reliability was applied to both children and their families. Independent variables for cases with and without a psychiatric disorder were analyzed using the chi(2) test for categorical variables, Student's t-test for those that were normally distributed, and Mann-Whitney U-test for data that were not normally distributed. Data that showed significant differences between groups who had a psychiatric disorder and on common effects in emerging psychiatric disorders were analyzed through binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 89 children and adolescents were interviewed within the scope of the study. The mean age of cases was 9.96 +/- 3.98 years, and 56.2% (n=50) were girls, while 43.8% (n=39) were boys. Among these children, 47 (52.8%) had come from Syria, 27 (30.3%) from Iraq, 14 (15.7%) from Afghanistan, and 1 (1.1%) from Iran. A psychiatric disorder was found in 44 (49.4%) of the children. A total of 26 children were diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 12 with depressive disorders, 8 with trauma and related disorders, 5 with elimination disorders, 4 with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and 3 with intellectual disabilities. It was determined that seeing a dead or injured person during war/emigration and the father's unemployment increased the risk of psychopathology. The OR was 7.077 (95% CI 1.722-29.087) for having seen a dead or injured individual and 4.51 (95% GA 1.668-12.199) for father's employment status. Conclusion: Within the context of war and emigration, these children try to cope with the negative circumstances they experience prior to migration, as well as the despair they see their parents experience

DUSUNEN ADAM-JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Severity Measure for Agoraphobia-Child Age 11-17. Method: Study group consisted of 36 patients, who have been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with agoraphobia, and 100 healthy volunteers who have been secondary and highschool students. For the assessment, the Screen for Childhood Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders ( SCARED) was used along with the DSM-5 Severity Measure for Agoraphobia- Child Age 11-17. Results: Regarding reliability analyses, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.929. Test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.566. For concurrent validity, the measure showed a high correlation with the SCARED. In ROC analysis, area under ROC curve was calculated as 0.934. Conclusion: It was concluded that Turkish version of the DSM-5 Severity Measure for Agoraphobia-Child Age 11-17 could be used as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

NOROPSIKIYATRI ARSIVI-ARCHIVES OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY

Introduction: This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Severity Scale-Child Form for use among the Turkish population. Methods: The study group consisted of 30 patients that had been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder and 83 healthy volunteers that were attending middle or high school during the study period. For reliability analyses, the internal consistency coefficient and the test-retest correlation coefficient were measured. For validity analyses, the exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis with the Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index for concurrent validity were measured. Results: The Cronbach's alpha (the internal consistency coefficient) of the scale was 0.909, and the test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.663. One factor that could explain 58.5% of the variance was obtained and was congruent with the original construct of the scale. As for concurrent validity, the scale showed high correlation with the Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Severity Scale-Child Form can be used as a valid and reliable tool

JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION

The goal of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) Dissociative Symptoms Severity Scale-Child Form. The scale was prepared by translating and then back-translating the DSM-5 Dissociative Symptoms Severity Scale. The study groups included one group of 30 patients diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder who were treated in a child and adolescent psychiatry unit and another group of 83 healthy volunteers from middle and high schools in the community. For assessment, the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (ADES) was used in addition to the DSM-5 Dissociative Symptoms Severity Scale. Regarding the reliability of the DSM-5 Dissociative Symptoms Severity Scale, Cronbach's alpha was .824 and item-total score correlation coefficients were between .464 and .648. The test-retest correlation coefficient was calculated to be r=.784. In terms of construct validity, one factor accounted for 45.2% of the variance. Furthermore, in terms of concurrent validity, the scale showed a high correlation with the ADES. In conclusion, the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Dissociative Symptoms Severity Scale-Child Form is a valid and reliable tool for both clinical practice and research

Prevalence of Childhood Affective disorders in Turkey: An epidemiological study

PMID = 2993638

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: Results of the Prospective Controlled Multinational GI-COVID-19 Study,

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) have been reported with great variability and without standardization. In hospitalized patients, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of GI symptoms, factors associated with their occurrence, and variation at 1 month. METHODS: The GI-COVID-19 is a prospective, multicenter, controlled study. Patients with and without COVID-19 diagnosis were recruited at hospital admission and asked for GI symptoms at admission and after 1 month, using the validated Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale questionnaire. RESULTS: The study included 2036 hospitalized patients. A total of 871 patients (575 COVID+ and 296 COVID−) were included for the primary analysis. GI symptoms occurred more frequently in patients with COVID-19 (59.7%; 343/575 patients) than in the control group (43.2%; 128/296 patients) (P &lt; 0.001). Patients with COVID-19 complained of higher presence or intensity of nausea, diarrhea, loose stools, and urgency as compared with controls. At a 1-month follow-up, a reduction in the presence or intensity of GI symptoms was found in COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms at hospital admission. Nausea remained increased over controls. Factors significantly associated with nausea persistence in COVID-19 were female sex, high body mass index, the presence of dyspnea, and increased C-reactive protein levels. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of GI symptoms in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is higher than previously reported. Systemic and respiratory symptoms are often associated with GI complaints. Nausea may persist after the resolution of COVID-19 infection