Spectral crossover in non-hermitian spin chains: comparison with random matrix theory

We systematically study the short range spectral fluctuation properties of three non-hermitian spin chain hamiltonians using complex spacing ratios. In particular we focus on the non-hermitian version of the standard one-dimensional anisotropic XY model having intrinsic rotation-time-reversal ($\mathcal{RT}$) symmetry that has been explored analytically by Zhang and Song in [Phys.Rev.A {\bf 87}, 012114 (2013)]. The corresponding hermitian counterpart is also exactly solvable and has been widely employed as a toy model in several condensed matter physics problems. We show that the presence of a random field along the $x$-direction together with the one along $z$ facilitates integrability and $\mathcal{RT}$-symmetry breaking leading to the emergence of quantum chaotic behaviour indicated by a spectral crossover resembling Poissonian to Ginibre unitary ensemble (GinUE) statistics of random matrix theory. Additionally, we consider two $n \times n$ dimensional phenomenological random matrix models in which, depending upon crossover parameters, the fluctuation properties measured by the complex spacing ratios show an interpolation between 1D-Poisson to GinUE and 2D-Poisson to GinUE behaviour. Here 1D and 2D Poisson correspond to real and complex uncorrelated levels, respectively.Comment: 15 Pages, 16 figure

A wastewater bacterium 'Bacillus' sp. KUJM2 acts as an agent for remediation of potentially toxic elements and promoter of plant ('Lens culinaris') growth

This study investigated the role of an allochthonous Gram-positive wastewater bacterium (Bacillus sp. KUJM2) selected through rigorous screening, for the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs; As, Cd, Cu, Ni) and promotion of plant growth under PTE-stress conditions. The dried biomass of the bacterial strain removed PTEs (5 mg L−1) from water by 90.17–94.75 and 60.4–81.41%, whereas live cells removed 87.15–91.69 and 57.5–78.8%, respectively, under single-PTE and co-contaminated conditions. When subjected to a single PTE, the bacterial production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) reached the maxima with Cu (67.66%) and Ni (64.33%), but Cd showed an inhibitory effect beyond 5 mg L−1 level. The multiple-PTE treatment induced IAA production only up to 5 mg L−1 beyond which inhibition ensued. Enhanced germination rate, germination index and seed production of lentil plant (Lens culinaris) under the bacterial inoculation indicated the plant growth promotion potential of the microbial strain. Lentil plants, as a result of bacterial inoculation, responded with higher shoot length (7.1–27.61%), shoot dry weight (18.22–36.3%) and seed production (19.23–29.17%) under PTE-stress conditions. The PTE uptake in lentil shoots decreased by 67.02–79.85% and 65.94–78.08%, respectively, under single- and multiple-PTE contaminated conditions. Similarly, PTE uptake was reduced in seeds up to 72.82–86.62% and 68.68–85.94%, respectively. The bacteria-mediated inhibition of PTE translocation in lentil plant was confirmed from the translocation factor of the respective PTEs. Thus, the selected bacterium (Bacillus sp. KUJM2) offered considerable potential as a PTE remediating agent, plant growth promoter and regulator of PTE translocation curtailing environmental and human health risks

A COMACT MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Abstract—A single feed compact rectangular microstrip antenna is presented in this paper. A triangular slot is introduced at the upper edge of the patch to reduce the resonant frequency. A small piece of triangular patch is added within the area of the triangular slot to improve the gain bandwidth performance of the antenna. The antenna size has been reduced by 46.2 % when compared to a conventional square microstrip patch antenna with a maximum of 160MHz bandwidth and −27.36 dB return loss. The characteristics of the designed structure are investigated by using MoM based electromagnetic solver, IE3D. An extensive analysis of the return loss, radiation pattern, gain and efficiency of the proposed antenna is shown in this paper. The simple configuration and low profile nature of the proposed antenna leads to easy fabrication and make it suitable for th

ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS SPINOSUS LEAF EXTRACT AND ITS COMPARISION WITH FAMOTIDINE IN SHAY RATS

Anti-ulcer activities of petroleum ether, chloroform, Ethanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus leaf were tested for anti-gastric ulcer activity in Shay rat model. Oral dose of 400mg/kg of ethanolic extract reduced the ulceration and with 800mg/kg body weight ethanolic extract there is the complete absence of ulceration. The anti-gastric activity of ethanolic extract of A.spinosus 800mg/kg body weight was found to be equal to the effect produced by 2mg/kg of Famotidine orally. The reduction in gastric activity was more with Famotidine and the reduction in peptic activity is more with ethanolic extract of A.spinosus. All extracts are safe up to 4000mg/kg. The result of petroleum ether, chloroform and aqueous extract in respect of anti-ulcer activity are less prominent. Keywords: Amaranthus spinosus, Shay rat model, Famotidine, Peptic activityÂ

A Multi-centre Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar Infliximab (Infimab™) in Ankylosing Spondylitis in Real-world Clinical Settings - A perspective from Eastern India

Introduction: Owing to dearth of data on infliximab biosimilars in Indian patients, a pan-India case database-based study with infliximab biosimilar BOW015 (Infimab™) was carried out to capture its efficacy and safety in real world clinical settings in India. Here, we assessed its efficacy and safety in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) among patients in the East India cohort. Materials and methods: Data were collected from multiple centers across the eastern region of India. Patients diagnosed with AS, within the preceding 4-6 months during the preceding one year were included in the study. Patients who were given BOW015 for other indications, prior innovator infliximab or other biologics were excluded from the study. Primary variable was Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Scale (ASDAS) response defined as change of > 2 in the ASDAS score from the baseline by 4-6 months of follow up. Results: The cohort consisted of 149 patients, predominantly male (69.8%), with mean (±SD) age of 36.75 (±11.11) years and mean (±SD) body weight of 58.26 (±15.4) kgs. Of the treated patients, 91 (61.1%) patients were administered four doses, 10 (6.7%) patients were administered three doses, 37 (24.8%) patients were administered two doses and 11 (7.4%) patients were administered only a single dose of BOW015. In the final analysis set, 81 patients had data at baseline and 4th visit. Among the 81 patients, 74 (91%) patients achieved major improvement, 5 (6%) patients achieved clinically important improvement and 2 (3%) were non-responders at 4th visit. Secondarily, cross categorization of the cohort into disease activity categories by number of infusions administered from baseline to 4th visit and assessment of trends in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) scores were also carried out and these too confirmed the efficacy of BOW015. Conclusion: Infimab™ (BOW015) showed significant improvement in ASDAS and BASDAI in patients with AS at the end of 4-6 months of follow up with its clinical benefits being apparent as early as first dose of BOW015

Comparison of age-stratified seroprevalence of antibodies against norovirus GII in India and the United Kingdom

Noroviruses are a common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, but outbreaks appear to be more common in industrialized countries than in developing countries, possibly reflecting differences in exposure and immunity. In this study, age-stratified sera from India and UK populations were analysed for the presence of norovirus-genogroup II specific IgG by a time resolved immunofluorescence assay and relative levels of antibodies in the two populations were compared. Antibody levels were higher among all age groups in India than in UK and increased with age in India, whereas in the UK, levels of antibody decreased in adulthood. These results indicate different patterns of exposure to noroviruses in the two countries

Asymmetric rotations and dimerization driven by normal to modulated phase transition in 4-biphenylcarboxy coupled L-phenylalaninate

Amongst the derivatives of 4-biphenylcarboxylic acid and amino acid esters, the crystal structure of 4-biphenylcarboxy-(L)-phenylalaninate is unusual owing to its monoclinic symmetry within a pseudo-orthorhombic lattice. The distortion is described by disparate rotational property around the chiral centers ($\varphi_{\mathrm{chiral}}$ $\simeq$ -129 degrees and 58 degrees) of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit. Each of these molecules comprise of planar biphenyl moieties ($\varphi_{\mathrm{biphenyl}}$ = 0 degrees). Using temperature dependent single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments we show that the compound undergoes a phase transition below $T$ $\sim$ 124 K that is characterized by a commensurate modulation wave vector, $\mathbf{q}$ = $\delta(101)$, $\delta$ = $\frac{1}{2}$. The (3+1) dimensional modulated structure at $T$ = 100 K suggests that the phase transition drives the biphenyl moieties towards non coplanar conformations with significant variation of internal torsion ($\varphi^{\mathrm{max}}_{\mathrm{biphenyl}}$ $\leq$ $20$ degrees). These intramolecular rotations lead to dimerization of the molecular stacks that are described predominantly by intermolecular tilts and small variations in intermolecular distances. Atypical of modulated structures and superstructures of biphenyl and other polyphenyls, the rotations of individual molecules are asymmetric ($\Delta$$\varphi_{\mathrm{biphenyl}}$ $\approx$ 5 degrees) while $\varphi_{\mathrm{biphenyl}}$ of one independent molecule is two to four times larger than the other. Crystal-chemical analysis and phase relations in superspace suggest multiple competing factors involving intramolecular steric factors, intermolecular H--C${\cdot}{\cdot}{\cdot}$C--H contacts and weak C--H${\cdot}{\cdot}{\cdot}$O hydrogen bonds that govern the distinctively unequal torsional property of the molecules