FEASIBILITY STUDY OF BUSINESS IN AGARWOOD INOCULATION AT DIFFERENT STEM DIAMETERS AND INOCULATION PERIODS

Indonesia signifies as the biggest agarwood producer country in the world. Its demand and price tend to increase and have brought about over exploitation of agarwood. Consequently, its population in nature has decreased significantly. To overcome the situation, since 1995, agarwood has been included in the CITES Appendix II. However, illegal exploitation remains persistent and reaches an excessive level. In order to deal with it, agarwood cultivation and its artificial production have been undertaken at several provinces in Indonesia. Some supporting factors for agarwood cultivation and artificial production are the availability of potential land for extensive cultivation, appropriate agro climate condition, simple cultivation technique and already being well adopted by farmers, the availability of necessary pathogen for agarwood inoculation, and the increasing demand with relatively high price. The research aims to analyze the feasibility study of agarwood inoculation business at several stem diameters (15 - 25 cm; 26 -35 cm and 36 - 40 cm) and periods of inoculation (1 - 5 years). Data were collected through field observation and literature study. The results showed that inoculation on agarwood producer tree stands at 12.5% interest rate afforded positive net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) is much higher than market interest and benefit cost (B/C) ratio >2 for those three diameter classes. Furthermore, if agarwood harvesting is delayed until five years after inoculation, NPV, IRR and B/C ratio would be much higher. It can be concluded that inoculation on agarwood producer tree stands (at appropriate age for inoculation) is feasible to be developed

Feasibility Study of Business in Agarwood Inoculation at Different Stem Diameters and Inoculation Periods

Indonesia signifies as the biggest agarwood producer country in the world. Its demand and price tend to increase and have brought about over exploitation of agarwood. Consequently, its population in nature has decreased significantly. To overcome the situation, since 1995, agarwood has been included in the CITES Appendix II. However, illegal exploitation remains persistent and reaches an excessive level. In order to deal with it, agarwood cultivation and its artificial production have been undertaken at several provinces in Indonesia. Some supporting factors for agarwood cultivation and artificial production are the availability of potential land for extensive cultivation, appropriate agro climate condition, simple cultivation technique and already being well adopted by farmers, the availability of necessary pathogen for agarwood inoculation, and the increasing demand with relatively high price. The research aims to analyze the feasibility study of agarwood inoculation business at several stem diameters (15 - 25 cm; 26 -35 cm and 36 - 40 cm) and periods of inoculation (1 - 5 years). Data were collected through field observation and literature study. The results showed that inoculation on agarwood producer tree stands at 12.5% interest rate afforded positive net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) is much higher than market interest and benefit cost (B/C) ratio >2 for those three diameter classes. Furthermore, if agarwood harvesting is delayed until five years after inoculation, NPV, IRR and B/C ratio would be much higher. It can be concluded that inoculation on agarwood producer tree stands (at appropriate age for inoculation) is feasible to be developed

Studi Biodegradasi Karbofuran Oleh Pseudomonas sp. (Studi of The Carbofuran Biodegradation by Pseudomonas sp.)

Carbofuran is one of the pesticides with large spectrum (action in many hosts and kill off many pests), high toxicity to mammals, recalcitrant and tend to build the “soil-bunded residues”. Application of this compound for a long time may cause hazard tothe environment. An effort to manage the pollutin problem is by using of this compound as sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources. The degradation process took 5 weeks with the efficiency values 68%

Anti Fungal Activity of Wood Extract of Aquilaria Crassna Pierre Ex Lecomte Against Agarwood-inducing Fungi, Fusarium Solani

This paper provided information regarding artificial agar wood production. Fungi are considered as biological agent for agarwood formation and agarwood is assumed as tree defense mechanism product. This research was aimed at investigating the anti fungal activity (AFA) of Aquilaria crassna, one of the agar wood-producing trees, against Fusarium solani in vitro. Aquilaria crassna wood mill was extracted by 70% ethanol to investigate the anti fungal activity. The result are Aquilariacrassnaexhibited low extractives content, which was only 2.0% (w/w) and a low anti fungal activity in vitro, especially for ethanol extract. However, further fractionation and bioassay showed that the most active component was likely in the ethyl-acetate soluble fraction that exhibited strong anti fungal activity (52.5%) at 4.0% of concentration

THE ROLE OF PHENOLICS IN AGARWOOD FORMATION OF Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte AND Aquilaria microcarpa Baill TREES

Phenolic is well known as a secondary metabolite that plays an important role in plant defense system. Information about the fungi-impeded role of secondary metabolite is important in achieving success of artificial agarwood production, in that fungi induction imparted to the selected potential trees will be more effective and efficient. This research was aimed to investigate the correlation of agarwood tree phenolics in relation with the susceptibility of corresponding trees to Fusarium solani attack in the formation of agarwood and observing total phenolics content of Aquilaria crassna and Aquilaria microcarpa trees prior to inoculation. Twenty trees of A. microcarpa at Carita, a Forest Area for Special Function (FASF) and ten of A. crassna at Dramaga Research Forest were inoculated with isolate of F. solani in spiral pattern around their stem from ground level to about 1.5 m in height. Prior to inoculation, wood strips were taken off from the stem for total phenolics content. The result revealed that total phenolics content and infection area tended to have a negative correlation. Since the quantity of agarwood is highly related with the infection area, then trees with lower phenolics content should be selected for the more effective and efficient artificial agarwood production