Intervalo de pulverização de nanocristais no controle da mancha bacteriana (Xanthomonas spp.) do tomateiro

Bacterial spot in tomato plants, caused by Xanthomonas spp., may cause significant losses in crop production, and nanoparticles emerge as a new resource for plant protection. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the performance of nanoparticle spraying intervals to control Xanthomonas spp. in tomato plants. Tomato plants of the Santa Cruz Kada cultivar featuring 3 to 4 trefoils were initially sprayed with nanoparticles (ZnO:1Mg, ZnOCl and ZnOCl:0.1Cu), copper hydroxide and water. Three days later, the plants were sprinkled with a bacterial suspension (109 CFU/mL). Then, after 3, 6, 9 or 12-day intervals, the plants were sprinkled with the products again. The bacterial spots were analyzed in terms of severity, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The plants showed less incidence of disease (AUDPC) when sprayed with ZnO:1Mg nanoparticles at the 3-day interval. When sprayed with nanoparticles at 3 and 6-day intervals, tomato plants showed less severe bacterial spots, which makes these intervals adequate to control the disease.Pesquisa sem auxílio de agências de fomentoTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)A mancha bacteriana do tomateiro causada por Xanthomonas spp. pode provocar perdas significativas na produção da cultura e os nanocristais surgem como uma nova modalidade para a proteção de plantas. Assim, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o intervalo de pulverização de nanocristais no controle de Xanthomonas spp. no tomateiro. Plantas de tomate cv. Santa Cruz Kada, com 3 a 4 trifólios foram pulverizadas inicialmente com nanocristais (ZnO:1Mg, ZnOCl e ZnOCl:0,1Cu), hidróxido de cobre e água. Três dias após, as plantas foram inoculadas por aspersão com a suspensão bacteriana (109 UFC/mL), e a cada intervalo de 3, 6, 9 ou 12 dias, as plantas foram novamente pulverizadas com os produtos. A severidade da mancha bacteriana foi avaliada, calculando-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). As plantas apresentaram menor quantidade de doença (AACPD) quando pulverizadas no intervalo de três dias, com o nanocristal ZnO:1Mg. Os nanocristais quando pulverizados em intervalos de três e seis dias reduziram a severidade da mancha bacteriana do tomateiro, sendo adequados para o manejo da doença

Soil organomineral fertilization in garlic crop

Garlic (Allium sativum) stands out in the culinary and alternative medicine of many people. The crop is very responsive to adding fertilizers. Commonly the sources used are minerals, but in the last decade the demand for combining these with organic ones has grown, making up the organomineral fertilizers. Due to benefits in the soil and the consequent effect on crops yield, organominerals have been associated as a promising alternative in nutritional management. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the production of garlic under the application of organomineral fertilizer on soil. Quiteria was the variety used in the study. The design was a randomized complete block with five treatments: control (mineral fertilizer in the dose of 100% of the recommendation for the standard crop of the property) and four concentrations of the organomineral fertilizer (100; 80; 60 and 40% of the recommendation for the crop). The percentage of marketable garlic and SPAD index showed no significant difference between the fertilizations evaluated. It was concluded that the use of organomineral fertilizer in the rate of 80% offers the same performance in productivity compared to the 100% mineral, in addition to providing a higher quality in national garlic, as it offers a lower percentage of cull garlic bulbs, adding value in the national garlic chain