Physics of Brane Kinetic Terms

Models with extra dimensions may give new effects visible at future experiments. In these models, bulk fields can develop localized corrections to their kinetic terms which can modify the phenomenological predictions in a sizeable way. We review the case in which both gauge bosons and fermions propagate in the bulk, and discuss the limits on the parameter space arising from electroweak precision data.Comment: Presented at Matter To The Deepest: Recent Developments In Physics of Fundamental Interactions, XXVII International Conference of Theoretical Physics, Ustron 15-21 September 2003, Polan

Observable contributions of new exotic quarks to quark mixing

Models with new vector-like quarks can produce observable quark mixing effects which are forbidden in the Standard Model. We classify all such models and write down the effective Lagrangian that results from integrating out the new quarks. We study the relations between neutral and charged currents and discuss how to distinguish among the different possibilities.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, version to appear in JHE

Bulk fields with brane terms

In theories with branes, bulk fields get in general divergent corrections localized on these defects. Hence, the corresponding brane terms are renormalized and should be included in the effective theory from the very beginning. We review the phenomenology associated to brane kinetic terms for different spins and backgrounds, and point out that renormalization is required already at the classical level.Comment: Presented at HEP2003, International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics (July 17-23, 2003) Aachen, German

Constricted Airways: Status of Asthma Among Puerto Ricans and Latinos in New York Stat

This report highlights the distribution and impact of asthma on Latinos and Puerto Ricans in New York City and New York State and provides recommendations for programmatic interventions and further research. Both quantitative and qualitative data are used to explain the various aspects of asthma for the Latino community

Observable Effects of General New Scalar Particles

We classify all possible new scalar particles that can have renormalizable linear couplings to Standard Model fields and therefore be singly produced at colliders. We show that this classification exhausts the list of heavy scalar particles that contribute at the tree level to the Standard Model effective Lagrangian to dimension six. We compute this effective Lagrangian for a general scenario with an arbitrary number of new scalar particles and obtain flavor-preserving constraints on their couplings and masses. This completes the tree-level matching of the coefficients of dimension five and six operators in the effective Lagrangian to arbitrary extensions of the Standard Model.Comment: 21 pages plus appendices, 28 tables. Improved discussion in Section 6. New references and comments. Minor corrections. Matches published versio

Boundary conditions and the residual entropy of ice systems

In this work we address the classical statistical mechanical problem of calculating the residual entropy of ice models. The numerical work found in the literature is usually based on extrapolating to infinite-size results obtained for finite-size systems with periodic boundary conditions. In this work we investigate how boundary conditions affect the calculation of the residual entropy for square, cubic, and hexagonal lattices using periodic, antiperiodic, and open boundary conditions. We show that periodic boundary conditions lead to noticeable oscillations in the entropy as a function of lattice size, and we calculate in open finite systems the contribution to the entropy from the open boundary. For our calculations we introduce a variation on multicanonical simulation methods that directly calculate the number of states in the ground state without the need of a Hamiltonian.Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológico

The paradigm of IL-23-independent production of IL-17F and IL-17A and their role in chronic inflammatory diseases

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191782/ full#supplementary-materialInterleukin-17 family (IL-17s) comprises six structurally related members (IL-17A to IL-17F); sequence homology is highest between IL-17A and IL-17F, displaying certain overlapping functions. In general, IL-17A and IL-17F play important roles in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, controlling bacterial and fungal infections, and signaling mainly through activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The role of IL-17A and IL-17F has been established in chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), axial spondylarthritis (axSpA), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and asthma. CD4+ helper T cells (Th17) activated by IL-23 are well-studied sources of IL-17A and IL-17F. However, other cellular subtypes can also produce IL-17A and IL-17F, including gamma delta (γδ) T cells, alpha beta (αβ) T cells, type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), natural killer T cells (NKT), or mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT). Interestingly, the production of IL-17A and IL-17F by innate and innate-like lymphocytes can take place in an IL-23 independent manner in addition to IL-23 classical pathway. This would explain the limitations of the inhibition of IL-23 in the treatment of patients with certain rheumatic immune-mediated conditions such as axSpA. Despite their coincident functions, IL-17A and IL-17F contribute independently to chronic tissue inflammation having somehow non-redundant roles. Although IL-17A has been more widely studied, both IL-17A and IL-17F are overexpressed in PsO, PsA, axSpA and HS. Therefore, dual inhibition of IL-17A and IL-17F could provide better outcomes than IL-23 or IL-17A blockade.UCB Pharma S

Pesticide mixtures genotoxicity: More than the sum of its parts?

Un factor decisivo de la Revolución Verde ha sido el desarrollo y aplicación de plaguicidas para combatir una gran variedad de organismos considerados perjudiciales por el hombre, que afectan la productividad de los cultivos de interés agronómico. Sin embargo, el incremento sostenido del uso de pesticidas trajo aparejado un aumento de la presencia de los mismos en el ambiente, llegando a afectar a los ecosistemas y a la salud humana. La exposición de las poblaciones a plaguicidas, se da en forma de mezclas complejas, tanto por la aplicación de distintos plaguicidas en simultáneo como por la presencia de aditivos en las formulaciones comerciales. Teniendo en cuenta la producción científica relacionada en los últimos años, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los avances sobre la genotoxicidad de pesticidas y sus mezclas, en concentraciones similares a las encontradas en el ambiente. Además, dada la complejidad de los estudios de monitoreo y la imposibilidad de establecer correlaciones directas, se propone reconocer la utilidad de los ensayos de corto plazo en niveles de evaluación de menor complejidad como una aproximación al contexto real.A crucial factor of the Green Revolution has been the development and application of pesticides to prevent the potential harm of a variety of organisms that affect crop yields of agronomic interest. However, the sustained increase in the use of these compounds resulted in an enhancement of their presence in the environment, affecting ecosystems and human health. Populations are exposed to complex pesticide mixtures because they are usually combined and commercial formulations content several additives. Considering the scientific output on the subject in recent years, the aim of this work is to evaluate advancement on the genotoxicity of pesticides and their mixtures at similar concentrations to those found in the environment. Moreover, given the complexity of monitoring studies and the lack of certainty to establish direct correlations, it is proposed to recognize the applicability of shortterm tests of minor complexity as an approximation to the real context.Fil: Coalova, Isis. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mencacci, Santiago. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Fassiano, Anabella Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Sostenibilidad de una economía dolarizada dependiente del petróleo

The apparent dependency of Ecuador in oil revenues led to analyze the sustainability of dollarization in Ecuador over time, while demonstrating the importance of oil resources in the Ecuadorian economy, and reforms that should precede a process of dollarization, which was not in Ecuador's case. We also analyzed the experiences of Argentina and Panama with a currency board and dollarization, respectively, for Ecuador to acknowledge.La aparente dependencia del Ecuador en los recursos petroleros llevó a analizar la sostenibilidad de la dolarización en el Ecuador a lo largo del tiempo, mientras se demuestra la importancia del recurso petrolero en la economía ecuatoriana, y se mencionan reformas que debieran preceder un proceso de dolarización, que en el caso ecuatoriano no fue así. Además, se analizó las experiencias de Argentina y Panamá con la convertibilidad y la dolarización, respectivamente, para que Ecuador aprenda de ellas