Electronic and ionic contributions to the constant-volume specific heat of carbon tetrachloride shocked at pressures up to 23 GPa

For carbon tetrachloride, a temperature Hugoniot at 7-23 GPa and a distribution of the constant-volume specific heat on the Hugoniot C V(T) at 1057-3275 K are simultaneously estimated from the Walsh-Christian (WC) equation such that the Hugoniot fits well to the existing measured data. The estimated CV(T) distribution reveals the significance of the contribution of electrons and ions to the specific heat. That is, in contrast to the almost uniform distribution of the specific heat predicted from the Debye equation, the CV(T) distribution increases significantly with an increase in the Hugoniot temperature due to thermal excitation of electrons at 1057-1500 K (7-10.1 GPa), additional activation of the dimerization reaction at 1500-2350 K (10.1-16 GPa), and also additional activation of the polymerization reaction at 2350-3275 K (16-23 GPa). As an example, evidence is presented that carbon tetrachloride is a semiconductor at 1500 K. The CV(T) distribution in each temperature range is formulated and a temperature Hugoniot is reevaluated from the WC equation using the specific heat equations formulated. It is confirmed by a good fit of the reevaluated Hugoniot to the existing measured data that the specific heat equations express the CV(T) distribution appropriately. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.Yukio Sano, Tomokazu Sano, and Shinichi Nagata, Journal of Applied Physics 107(3), 033507 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.329496

Dry Small Pleural Dissemination of Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Preoperatively Detected by PET/CT: A Report of Two Cases

Dry pleural dissemination in non-small cell lung cancer, defined as solid pleural metastasis of lung cancer without pleural eff usion, is a condition occurring in T4 lung cancer. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been reported to be useful for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. It has been reported that positive findings on PET scans of indeterminate pleural abnormalities at computed tomography (CT) are sensitive to malignancy. We encountered two cases of dry small pleural dissemination of adenocarcinoma of the lung preoperatively detected by PET/CT. A 75-year-old man and a 66-year-old man underwent CT scan, which demonstrated solitary tumor in the lung, an enlarged mediastinal lymph node, and a small pleural nodule less than 10 mm in size, all of which were positive findings on the fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET portion of an integrated PET/CT. Both patients underwent thoracoscopic biopsy of the dry pleural nodule revealing dissemination of adenocarcinoma of the lung (T4). Whereas histological thoracoscopic diagnosis remains mandatory before planning treatment, our cases may suggest that PET/CT will be useful as a screening modality for dry pleural dissemination of lung cancer.</p

Conformational, Dimensional, and Hydrodynamic Properties of Amylose Tris(n-butylcarbamate) in Tetrahydrofuran, Methanol, and Their Mixtures

This document is the unedited Author’s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Macromolecules, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/ma902200z

Data mining tools for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae morphological database

For comprehensive understanding of precise morphological changes resulting from loss-of-function mutagenesis, a large collection of 1 899 247 cell images was assembled from 91 271 micrographs of 4782 budding yeast disruptants of non-lethal genes. All the cell images were processed computationally to measure ∼500 morphological parameters in individual mutants. We have recently made this morphological quantitative data available to the public through the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Morphological Database (SCMD). Inspecting the significance of morphological discrepancies between the wild type and the mutants is expected to provide clues to uncover genes that are relevant to the biological processes producing a particular morphology. To facilitate such intensive data mining, a suite of new software tools for visualizing parameter value distributions was developed to present mutants with significant changes in easily understandable forms. In addition, for a given group of mutants associated with a particular function, the system automatically identifies a combination of multiple morphological parameters that discriminates a mutant group from others significantly, thereby characterizing the function effectively. These data mining functions are available through the World Wide Web at

Real-world outcome of rTMS treatment for depression within the Japanese public health insurance system: Registry data from Kansai TMS network

Imazu S., Ikeda S., Toi Y., et al. Real-world outcome of rTMS treatment for depression within the Japanese public health insurance system: Registry data from Kansai TMS network. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 97, 104082 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104082.This study registered consecutive cases to elucidate the efficacy of rTMS treatment for depression within the Japanese public health insurance system. Of the 102 patients with depression who received rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 44 (43.1 %) patients reached remission and 14 (13.7 %) patients did not reach remission but responded to treatment. No serious adverse events occurred. Low baseline HAMD-17 score was associated with remission after rTMS treatment. Favorable outcomes of rTMS treatment were shown in this cohort within the Japanese public insurance system. Our results provide insights into rTMS treatment for depression in real-world clinical setting

Peculiar mechanisms of graft recovery through anti-inflammatory responses after rat lung transplantation from donation after cardiac death

Background: Although lung transplantation from donation after cardiac death (DCD), especially uncontrolled DCD, is limited by warm ischemic periods, the molecular mechanism of warm ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI) has not been well elucidated. The purpose of this study was to clarify the particular longitudinal mechanisms of molecular factors involved in warm IRI. Methods: Cold ischemic-time (CIT)-group lungs were retrieved and subjected to 3-h of cold preservation, whereas warm ischemic-time (WIT)-group lungs were retrieved after 3-h of warm ischemia. Orthotopic rat lung transplantation was performed and the grafts were reperfused for 1 or 4-h. The graft functions, gene expression, and activation of inflammatory molecules in the grafts were analyzed. Exhaled-carbon-monoxide-concentration (ExCO-C) was measured during reperfusion. Results: Only the WIT-group showed obvious primary graft dysfunction at 1-h reperfusion, but the graft function was recovered during 4-h reperfusion. Most of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stress-induced molecules showed different expression and activation patterns between CIT and WIT groups. In the WIT-group, the expressions of anti-inflammatory molecules, IL-10 and HO-1, were significantly increased at 1-h reperfusion compared to the CIT-group, and these high levels were maintained through 4-h reperfusion. Furthermore, ExCO-C levels in the WIT-group increased immediately after reperfusion compared to the CIT-group. Conclusions: This study indicates that warm IRI may involve a different mechanism than cold IRI and anti-inflammatory pathways may play important roles in the graft recovery after lung transplantation from uncontrolled DCD

Detection of EGFR Gene Mutations Using the Wash Fluid of CT-Guided Biopsy Needle in NSCLC Patients

IntroductionIn this study, we examined whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were detectable using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay and wash fluid of computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy needles.MethodsDNA was extracted from wash fluid of CT-guided biopsy needles of 53 lung tumors (as diagnosed according to the results of the CT-guided biopsies). EGFR mutations, specifically exon19 deletions and exon21 L858R mutations, were examined using a mutant-enriched polymerase chain reaction assay. We also examined the presence of EGFR mutations in 26 surgically resected tumor specimens and compared the results with those obtained for the corresponding wash fluid samples.ResultsThe amount of DNA obtained for the wash fluid of the CT-guided biopsy needles ranged from 35 to 2360 ng. There were no significant differences in the amount of extracted DNA according to the tumor characteristics, including tumor size and the percentage of ground glass opacity. Thirty-four of the 53 lung tumor samples were histologically diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Exon19 deletions and exon21 L858R mutations in EGFR were detected in 4 (12%) and 13 (38%) of 34 NSCLC cases, respectively. No EGFR mutations were found in the non-NSCLC cases. The EGFR mutation status in the wash fluid samples was consistent with those obtained for all 26 corresponding surgical specimens.ConclusionOur results indicate that EGFR mutations can be detected using wash fluid of CT-guided biopsy needles. In this manner, the DNA genotype can be determined even in extremely small clinical specimens using highly sensitive assays