Novel framework of retaining maximum data quality and energy efficiency in reconfigurable wireless sensor network

There are various unseen and unpredictable networking states in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that adversely affect the aggregated data quality. After reviewing the existing approaches of data quality in WSN, it was found that the solutions are quite symptomatic and they are applicable only in a static environment; however their successful applicability on dynamic and upcoming reconfigurable network is still a big question. Moreover, data quality directly affects energy conservation among the nodes. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a simple and novel framework that jointly addresses the data quality and energy efficiency using probability-based design approach. Using a simplified analytical methodology, the proposed system offers solution in the form of selection transmission of an aggergated data on the basis of message priority in order to offer higher data utilization factor. The study outcome shows proposed system offers a good balance between data quality and energy efficiency in contrast to existing system

The English Language Teaching in Andhra Pradesh should meet the requirements of the present Global World

This paper throws light on the status of language learning in Andhra Pradesh and draw backs, problems and education system in the state. It tries to reveal the practical difficulties in teaching English language at school level. The paper focuses on a shift from medium of instruction in the state government schools and a change that occurred in the system since then. It suggests utilizing the resources that are available for rectifying the problems in order to meet the requirements of the present situation globally by the learners

Comparison of impact results for several polymeric composites over a wide range of low impact velocities

Static indentation, falling weight, and ballistic impact tests were conducted in clamped plates made of AS4/3501-6 and IM7/8551-7 prepreg tape. The transversely isotropic plates were nominally 7-mm thick. Pendulum and ballistic tests were also conducted on simply supported plates braided with Celion 12000 fibers and 3501-6 epoxy. The 20 degree braided plates were about 5-mm thick. The impactors had spherical or hemispherical shapes with a 12.7 mm diameter. Residual compression strength and damage size were measured. For a given kinetic energy, damage size was least for IM7/8551-7 and greatest for the braided material. Strengths varied inversely with damage size. For a given damage size, strength loss as a fraction of original strength was least for the braided material and greatest for AS4/3501-6 and IM7/8551-7. Strength loss for IM7/8551-7 and AS4/3501-6 was nearly equal. No significant differences were noticed between damage sizes and residual compression strengths for the static indentation, falling weight, and ballistic tests of AS4/3501-6 and IM7/8551-7. For the braided material, sizes of damage were significantly less and compression strengths were significantly more for the falling weight tests than for the ballistic tests

Quantifying Effects of Voids in Woven Ceramic Matrix Composites

Randomness in woven ceramic matrix composite architecture has been found to cause large variability in stiffness and strength. The inherent voids are an aspect of the architecture that may cause a significant portion of the variability. A study is undertaken to investigate the effects of many voids of random sizes and distributions. Response surface approximations were formulated based on void parameters such as area and length fractions to provide an estimate of the effective stiffness. Obtaining quantitative relationships between the properties of the voids and their effects on stiffness of ceramic matrix composites are of ultimate interest, but the exploratory study presented here starts by first modeling the effects of voids on an isotropic material. Several cases with varying void parameters were modeled which resulted in a large amount of variability of the transverse stiffness and out-of-plane shear stiffness. An investigation into a physical explanation for the stiffness degradation led to the observation that the voids need to be treated as an entity that reduces load bearing capabilities in a space larger than what the void directly occupies through a corrected length fraction or area fraction. This provides explanation as to why void volume fraction is not the only important factor to consider when computing loss of stiffness

Effects of Microstructural Variability on Thermo-Mechanical Properties of a Woven Ceramic Matrix Composite

The objectives of this paper include identifying important architectural parameters that describe the SiC/SiC five-harness satin weave composite and characterizing the statistical distributions and correlations of those parameters from photomicrographs of various cross sections. In addition, realistic artificial cross sections of a 2D representative volume element (RVE) are generated reflecting the variability found in the photomicrographs, which are used to determine the effects of architectural variability on the thermo-mechanical properties. Lastly, preliminary information is obtained on the sensitivity of thermo-mechanical properties to architectural variations. Finite element analysis is used in combination with a response surface and it is shown that the present method is effective in determining the effects of architectural variability on thermo-mechanical properties

Gallium Substituted "114" YBaFe4O7: From a ferrimagnetic cluster glass to a cationic disordered spin glass

The study of the ferrites YBaFe4-xGaxO7 shows that the substitution of Ga for Fe in YBaFe4O7 stabilizes the hexagonal symmetry for 0.40 < x < 0.70, at the expense of the cubic one. Using combined measurements of a. c. and d. c. magnetization, we establish that Ga substitution for Fe in YBaFe4O7 leads to an evolution from a geometrically frustrated spin glass (for x = 0) to a cationic disorder induced spin glass (x = 0.70). We also find an intermediate narrow range of doping where the samples are clearly phase separated having small ferrimagnetic clusters embedded in a spin glass matrix. The origin of the ferrimagnetic clusters lies in the change in symmetry of the samples from cubic to hexagonal (and a consequent lifting of the geometrical frustration) as a result of Ga doping. We also show the presence of exchange bias and domain wall pinning in these samples. The cause of both these effects can be traced back to the inherent phase separation present in the samples.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figure

Influence of Size and Location of a Thin Baffle on Natural Convection in a Vertical Annular Enclosure

This article reports the numerical study of natural convection in a differentially heated cylindrical annular enclosure with a thin baffle attached to inner wall. The inner and outer walls of the annulus are respectively maintained at higher and lower temperatures, whereas the top and bottom walls are thermally insulated. Using an implicit finite difference technique, the effects of baffle size and location on natural convection has been investigated for different Rayleigh numbers and radius ratios by fixing the Prandtl number at 0.707. Through the detailed numerical simulations, we have successfully captured the important effects of baffle size and location on the flow pattern and heat transfer rate. It has been found that the size and location of baffle modify the flow pattern and heat transfer rate in a completely different conducts. The numerical results corroborates that the average heat transfer rate increases with the Rayleigh number, radius ratio, baffle position; but decreases with baffle length. Further, it has been observed that it is possible to enhance or suppress the flow circulation and heat transfer rates by a proper choice of baffle size and location, and Rayleigh number

STABILITY-INDICATING VALIDATED REVERSED PHASE-HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF COBICISTAT AND ATAZANAVIR SULFATE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

ABSTRACTObjective: A simple, rapid, precise, accurate, and economical stability-indicating reversed phase-high performance liquid assay method was developedand validated for simultaneous estimation of cobicistat (COB) and atazanavir (ATV) sulfate in bulk drugs and their combined commercial tablets.Methods: The method has shown adequate separation of COB and ATV from their degradation products. Separation was achieved on a LunaCN (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm column at a detection wavelength of 239 nm) using a mobile phase consists of o-phthaldialdeyde (Ph2.5) IX buffer,acetonitrile, and methanol in the ratio of 40:40:20 in an isocratic elution mode at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Results: The retention times for COB and ATV sulfate were found to be 3.606 and 6.113 min, respectively. COB and ATV sulfate, their combinationdrug product was subjected to acid, base, neutral hydrolysis, thermal, and photolytic stress conditions. Thus, stressed samples were analyzed by theproposed analytical method. Validation of the proposed analytical method was carried out as per ICH guidelines Q2R1. Quantitation was achievedwith UV detection at 239 nm based on peak area with linear calibration curves at concentration ranges 50-600 μg/ml for COB and 100-1200 μg/ml forATV sulfate (R2 = 0.999 for both drugs). The limits of detection were 0.25 μg/ml and 0.5 μg/ml for COB and ATV sulfate, respectively. Conclusion: The method was found to be specific and stability indicating as no interfering peaks of degradants and excipients were observed. Theproposed method is hence suitable for application in quality-control laboratories for quantitative analysis of both the drugs individually and incombination dosage forms since it is simple and rapid with good accuracy and precision.Keywords: Stability-indicating assay, Reversed phase-high performance liquid, Cobicistat, Atazanavir sulfate, Forced degradation studies

Achievements of Soil Research in Dryland Regions of Andhra Pradesh

Not AvailableThe global rainfed crop lands were estimated at 1.132 billion hectares at the end of the last millennium. This is 2.78 times the net irrigated areas (407 m ha) of the world. Rainfed agro-ecosystems occupy a considerable place in Indian agriculture too, covering 80 million ha, in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid climatic zones; constituting nearly 58% of the net cultivated area. Rainfed regions support 60% of livestock, 40% of human population and contribute 40% of food grains and several special attribute commodities. Rainfed agro ecologies are complex, diverse, fragile, risky, under invested and require regionally differentiated investments and management strategies. Achieving high production potential is difficult in these rainfed areas due to vagaries of rainfall.Not Availabl