Algebraic derivation of the Energy Eigenvalues for the quantum oscillator defined on the Sphere and the Hyperbolic plane

We give an algebraic derivation of the energy eigenvalues for the two-dimensional(2D) quantum harmonic oscillator on the sphere and the hyperbolic plane in the context of the method proposed by Daskaloyannis for the 2D quadratically superintegrable systems. We provide the special form of the quadratic Poisson algebra for the classical harmonic oscillator system and deformed it into the quantum associative algebra of the operators. We express the corresponding Casimir operator for this algebra in terms of the Hamiltonian and provide the finite-dimensional representations for this quantum associative algebra by using the deformed parafermionic oscillator technique. The calculation of the energy eigen-values is then reduced to finding the solution of the two algebraic equations whose form is universal for all the 2D quadratically superintegrable systems. The result derived algebraically agrees with the energy eigenvalues obtained by solving the Schrodinger equation

Obtaining Statistical Significance of Gravitational Wave Signals in Hierarchical Search

Gravitational Wave (GW) astronomy has experienced remarkable growth in recent years, driven by advancements in ground-based detectors. While detecting compact binary coalescences (CBCs) has become routine, searching for more complex ones, such as mergers involving eccentric and precessing binaries and sub-solar mass binaries, has presented persistent challenges. These challenges arise from using the standard matched filtering algorithm, whose computational cost increases with the dimensionality and size of the template bank. This urges the pressing need for faster search pipelines to efficiently identify GW signals, leading to the emergence of the hierarchical search strategy. This method looks for potential candidate events using a sparse template bank in the first stage, followed by dense templates around potential events in the second stage. Although the hierarchical search speeds up the standard PyCBC analysis by more than a factor of 20, as demonstrated in a previous work~\cite{kanchan_hierarchical}, assigning statistical significance to detected signals was done in a heuristic way. In this article, we present a robust approach for background estimation in a two-stage hierarchical search. Our method models background triggers from time-shifted triggers in a two-detector network, extrapolating to higher statistic values. Through an extensive injection campaign for a population of simulated signals on real data, we test the effectiveness of our background estimation approach. The results show our method achieves a sensitive volume-time product comparable to the standard two-detector PyCBC search. This equivalence holds for an inverse false alarm rate of 10 years and chirp mass $1.4-10~\text{M}_\odot$, substantially reducing computational cost with a remarkable speed-up of nearly 13 times compared to PyCBC analysis.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure

Pattern of congenital heart diseases in Western Rajasthan: an echocardiographic study

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) accounts for nearly one third of all major congenital anomalies. Globally the prevalence of CHD is 1.01 to 17.5 per 1000 live births. In India it is 1.3 to 26.4 per 1000 study population. CHD is an important cause of mortality and morbidity representing a global health burden. Early diagnosis and treatment may lead to improved prognosis in patients suffering from CHD. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of CHD in Western Rajasthan, India by echocardiography.Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out at Dr. S. N. Medical College and attached group of hospitals in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. The study period was from July 2014 to June 2017. Records of all patients undergoing transthoracic echocardiography from newborn to 25 years of age were analyzed for age, sex and CHD findings.Results: In the study period, a total of 24,914 patients underwent echocardiography, of which 877 patients were identified as having CHD. Prevalence of CHD was 35.20 per 1000 study population. Amongst the total diagnosed CHD cases, 489 (55.76%) patients were male, with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. CHDs were diagnosed more commonly between 1 month and 1 year of age (41.28%). The commonest type of acyanotic CHD in the present study was ventricular septal defect (21.44%) and cyanotic CHD was tetralogy of Fallot (18.24%).Conclusions: Prevalence of CHD in Western Rajasthan, India was 35.20 per 1000 study population. Profile of CHDs in the present study was similar to that in published literature

Hierarchical search for compact binary coalescences in the Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

Detection of many compact binary coalescences (CBCs) is one of the primary goals of the present and future ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. While increasing the detectors' sensitivities will be crucial in achieving this, efficient data analysis strategies can play a vital role. With given computational power in hand, efficient data analysis techniques can expand the size and dimensionality of the parameter space to search for a variety of GW sources. Matched filtering based analyses that depend on modeled signals to produce adequate signal-to-noise ratios for signal detection may miss them if the parameter space is too restrained. Specifically, the CBC search is currently limited to non-precessing binaries only, where the spins of the components are either aligned or anti-aligned to the orbital angular momentum. A hierarchical search for CBCs is thus well motivated. The first stage of this search is performed by matched filtering coarsely sampled data with a coarse template bank to look for candidate events. These candidates are then followed up for a finer search around the vicinity of an event's parameter space. Performing such a search leads to enormous savings in computational cost. Here we report the first successful implementation of the hierarchical search as a PyCBC-based production pipeline to perform a complete analysis of LIGO observing runs. With this, we analyze Advanced LIGO's first and second observing run data. We recover all the events detected by the PyCBC (flat) search in the first GW catalog, GWTC-1, published by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, with nearly the same significance using a scaled background. In the analysis, we get an impressive factor of 20 speed-up in computation compared to the flat search. With a standard injection study, we show that the sensitivity of the hierarchical search remains comparable to the flat search within the error bars.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

Diversity of Exopolysaccharide Producing Fungi from Foot Hills of Shivalik Ranges of Chandigarh Capital Region

In this investigation, the diversity of exopolysaccharide producing fungi of foot hills of Shivalik ranges of Chandigarh capital region have been studied. The study resulted in isolation of a total of 94 fungal isolates of which 52 isolates belonging to 17 different genera viz., Agaricus, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Candida, Curvullaria, Chaetomium, Fusarium, Ganoderma, Penicillium, Pleurotus, Polyporous, Rhizopus,  Saccharomyces, Stemophylium, Termitomyces, and Tricholoma etc. were found to possess the EPS producing potential. These isolates have been categorized into five different groups on the basis of the EPS quantities they produced. These included Group I with production range of : > 1g/l ; Group II with production range of : 1-2 g/l ; Group III with production  range of : 2-3 g/l ; Group IV with production range of : 3-4 g/l and Group V with production range of : 4-5 g/l. Out of these 52 EPS producing isolates, 11 were found to be the prominent producers with Auerobasidium RYLF 10 as the most potential isolate with EPS concentration of 4.60g/l followed by the species of Penicillium RYLF 35, Aspergillus RYLF 17 and Ganoderma RYMF 15. No correlation between EPS concentration and the biomass yield could be traced

Effect of Adhesion Promoter on Bond Strength of Reconditioned Brackets – an In vitro Study

Objectives: To compare the shear bond strength of recycled orthodontic metal brackets using an adhesion booster and conventional primer and using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) score to assess the site of debonding. Materials and Methods: Eighty premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 teeth each: Group A-New brackets and Transbond XT, Group B-Recycled brackets and Transbond XT, Group C-Recycled brackets and Transbond XT + Enhance LC. Brackets were recycled using sandblaster. Bond strength was tested on a universal testing machine and remnant adhesive on the tooth surface was determined. Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test were carried out to know the significant difference between the groups. Chi – square test was used to determine significant differences in the ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index) scores. Results: Highest mean load was recorded in Group A (9.58±1.72 MPa), followed by Group C (8.60±2.05 MPa) and Group B (6.39±1.64 MPa). Chi- square test indicated significant differences (P=.002) in ARI scores. Group A and Group C were associated significantly for score 2 of ARI; Group B for Score 0 of ARI. Conclusion: The bond strength of recycled orthodontic brackets with Transbond XT was significantly lower when compared to bond strength of recycled brackets with an adhesion booster. After recycling the brackets with sandblaster and using an adhesion booster, the previously debonded brackets gave the bond strength comparable to new brackets with Transbond XT. The ARI data showed statistically significant association between the ARI scores and the groups

A study on interfacial activities between Nb and liquid Al in static and dynamic condition

In the present study, an effort has been made to investigate the interfacial activities between the solid Niobium and liquid Aluminium. Aluminium was melted at 750 °C temperature and subsequently, solid niobium was immersed into the liquid aluminium and held for different time intervals. The study was conducted in static as well as dynamic conditions. Temperature and time were similar for both static and dynamic conditions. After solidification, the Nb-Al interface was studied under optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, EDS and X-Ray diffraction analyzer. The analysis revealed that there was no change in the dimension of Nb sample and no intermetallic compound formed on the surface or subsurface of solid Niobium under present experimental condition

DEVELOPMENT OF CAUDAL FIN CELL LINE FROM HILL TROUT Barilius bendelisis (HAMILTON, 1807) FOR CYTOTOXICITY AND TRANSFECTION STUDIES

Stanična linija, nazvana BBdF-1, uspostavljena iz repne peraje Barilius bendelisis, presađena je na više od 52 „oblika“(prolaza) a održavala se u medijima L-15 koji sadrže 20% FBS. Porijeklo stanične linije potvrđeno je pomoću pojačanja djelomičnog područja 16S i COI mitohondrijskih genskih sekvenci. Utvrđeno je da je optimalna temperatura za rast stanične linije BBdF-1 28°C. Kariotipizacijom se utvrdio diploidni broj kromosoma kao 50. Stanice su pokazale snažno vezanje za citokeratinski marker i, prema tome, utvrđeno je da sliče epitelu. Jaka zelena fluorescencija primijećena je u stanicama BBdF-1 transficiranim vektorom phrGFP-II-N, što ukazuje da je prikladna za upotrebu u ispitivanjima ekspresije i manipulacije gena. Izvršena je i uspješna procjena citotoksičnosti dvaju teških metala, žive i kroma. Stanična linija može poslužiti kao koristan izvorni materijal za ranu provjeru toksičnosti pesticida/zagađivača i ekspresije gena.A cell line named BBdF-1, established from the caudal fin of hill stream fish Barilius bendelisis, has been subcultured for more than 52 passages and is being maintained in L-15 media containing 20% FBS. Species origin of the cell line was confirmed using amplification of partial region of 16S and COI mitochondrial gene sequences. The optimum temperature for growth of BBdF-1 cell line was found to be 28°C. Karyotyping revealed diploid chromosome number as 50. Cells exhibited strong binding for cytokeratin marker and thus were found to be epithelial-like. Strong green fluorescence was observed in BBdF-1 cells transfected with phrGFP-II-N vector, indicating its suitability for utilization in gene expression and manipulation studies. Successful assessment of cytotoxicity of two heavy metals, viz. mercury and chromium, was performed. The cell line can serve as a useful resource material for early toxicity screening of pesticides/pollutant and gene expression