Isolation and characterization of Plasmid DNA from clinically isolated E.coli strain at Pravara rural hospital, Loni, India

Abstract Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases and people of all age-groups and geographical locations are affected. Multiple resistance to antimicrobials drugs arising in Escherichia coli isolate may complicate therapeutic management of UTI. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize plasmid DNA from Clinical isolated E. coli. Biochemical tests confirm that the hospital isolate is E.coli and antibiotic susceptibility test results shows that it is MDR strain. Molecular techniques such as plasmid DNA isolation and PCR amplification of integrons genes were used to confirm MDR. The results showed that the size of plasmid DNA is more than 52 Kb and the size of successfully amplified integron genes (I and II) were 175 and 250 bp respectively. Hospital isolate was confirmed as E.coli MDR on the basis of existence of integron genes

Concept of essential hypertension in Ayurvedic perspectives

Essential hypertension is an instrumental disease which is the recent diagnostic invention of modern science. However there is no any reference which directly resembles with its pathophysiological views in Ayurvedic classics. Lots of works have been carried out on concept of hypertension to evaluate the perfect diagnosis and mode of treatment on the basis of Ayurvedic principles, but a widely acceptable theory is still not available. Different nomenclatures also have been adopted by Ayurvedic researchers like Rakta pradoshaj Vyadhi, Uchharaktachapa and Uchharaktabhara etc. on the basis of pathophysiology and symptoms of disease. Different diseases were considered parallels to hypertension such as; Raktagata Vata, Raktavrita Vata, Pranavrita Vyana, Vyanavrita Prana and Shleshmavrita Vyana etc. Ayurveda believe that pathophysiology of other diseases routes through hypertension. Keywords: Ayurveda, hypertension, Rakta pradoshaj Vyadhi, Raktagata Vata and Raktavrita Vata

Psychiatric morbidity and poor follow-up underlie suboptimal functional and survival outcomes in Huntington’s disease

Background: Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited, often late-onset, neurodegenerative disorder, is considered to be a rare, orphan disease. Research into its genetic correlates and services for those affected are inadequate in most low-middle income countries, including India. The apparent ‘incurability’ often deters symptomatic and rehabilitative care, resulting in poor quality of life and sub-optimal outcomes. There are no studies assessing disease burden and outcomes from India. Methods: We attempted to evaluate individuals diagnosed to have HD at our tertiary-care center between 2013 and 2016 for clinical symptoms, functionality, mortality, follow up status through a structured interview, clinical data from medical records and UHDRS-TFC scoring. Results: Of the 144 patients, 25% were untraceable, and another 17 (11.8%) had already died. Mean age at death and duration of illness at the time of death, were 53 years and 7 years respectively, perhaps due to suicides and other comorbidities at an early age. The patients who could be contacted (n = 81) were assessed for morbidity and total functional capacity (TFC). Mean CAG repeat length and TFC score were 44.2 and 7.5 respectively. Most individuals (66%) were in TFC stage I and II and could perhaps benefit from several interventions. The TFC score correlated inversely with duration of illness (p < 0.0001). The majority were being taken care of at home, irrespective of the physical and mental disability. There was a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity (91%) including suicidal tendency (22%). Three of the 17 who died had committed suicide, and several other families reported suicidal history in other family members. Only about half the patients (57%) maintained a regular clinical follow-up. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the poor follow-up rates, significant suicidality and other psychiatric symptoms, sub-optimal survival durations and functional outcomes highlighting the need for holistic care for the majority who appear to be amenable to interventions

Bilateral Transplantation of Allogenic Adult Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Subventricular Zone of Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Clinical Study

The progress of PD and its related disorders cannot be prevented with the medications available. In this study, we recruited 8 PD and 4 PD plus patients between 5 to 15 years after diagnosis. All patients received BM-MSCs bilaterally into the SVZ and were followed up for 12 months. PD patients after therapy reported a mean improvement of 17.92% during “on” and 31.21% during “off” period on the UPDRS scoring system. None of the patients increased their medication during the follow-up period. Subjectively, the patients reported clarity in speech, reduction in tremors, rigidity, and freezing attacks. The results correlated with the duration of the disease. Those patients transplanted in the early stages of the disease (less than 5 years) showed more improvement and no further disease progression than the later stages (11–15 years). However, the PD plus patients did not show any change in their clinical status after stem cell transplantation. This study demonstrates the safety of adult allogenic human BM-MSCs transplanted into the SVZ of the brain and its efficacy in early-stage PD patients

A late presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia misdiagnosed as spontaneous pneumothorax

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is described as (1) failure of diaphragmatic closure at development, (2) presence of herniated abdominal contents into chest and (3) pulmonary hypoplasia. Usually, pleural space is drained urgently when there is respiratory distress and radiological appearance of mediastinal shift. We present a case of a 5-month-old baby, diagnosed as tension pneumothorax and treated with chest drain insertion. CDH was the intraoperative diagnosis

Synthesis, hotophysical and computational study of novel coumarin-based organic dyes

A series of novel coumarin pyrazoline moieties combined with tetrazoles, 3‐(1‐phenyl‐4‐(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one, 6‐chloro‐3‐(1‐phenyl‐4‐(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one, 6‐bromo‐3‐(1‐phenyl‐4‐(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one and 6‐bromo‐3‐(1‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐4‐(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one7(a‐d), were designed and synthesized. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction and their interactions were studied by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Thermal stabilities and electrochemical properties of these compounds were examined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TGA) and cyclic voltammetric (CV) studies. Their spectroscopic properties were analyzed in various alcohols and general solvents by UV–Vis absorption, fluorescence and time‐resolved spectroscopy. In addition, the ground and excited state electronic properties were investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The calculated highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and energy band gap (Eg) values have revealed the effect of substitution of halogens. The substitution has equally affected the ground and excited states of 7(a‐d) compounds. The solvatochromism on absorption, fluorescence spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of these compounds was investigated. All these results showed the chromen‐2‐one of pyrazoline tetrazole derivatives could play an important role in photonic and electronic devices

Detailed analytical studies of 1,2,4-triazole derivatized quinoline

The present study describes, the X-ray single crystal analysis of 4-((2-chloro-6-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)methyl)-2-phenyl-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3(4H)-one (TMQ). The crystal data for C19H15ClN4O2: monoclinic, space group P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.3314(15) Å, b = 12.459(3) Å, c = 18.948(4) Å, β = 98.322(9)°, V = 1712.5(6) Å3, Z = 4, T = 296.15 K, μ(MoKα) = 0.245 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.423 g/cm3, 5082 reflections measured (3.926° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 38.556°), 1428 unique (Rint = 0.0545, Rsigma = 0.0574) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0423 (I >2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1145 (all data). The Density functional theory optimized molecular geometries in TMQ agree closely with those obtained from crystallographic studies. The Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy levels and energy gap were calculated by experimental (UV absorption & Cyclic voltammetry) and theoretical studies in two different solvents. The natural bond orbital analysis was performed to understand the molecular interaction on the basis of stability of molecule arising from hyper-conjugative interaction and charge delocalization. Hirshfeld surface and their related fingerprint plots enabled the identification of significant intermolecular interaction. The molecular electrostatic potential analysis provides the visual image of the chemically active sites and comparable reaction of atoms

Evaluation of Cognition and Cortical Excitability in Huntington’s Disease

Background: Recent advances in neurophysiological techniques have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of Huntington’s disease (HD). Studies of the motor cortical excitability and central motor pathways have shown variable results. Objectives: Our aims were to evaluate the cortical excitability changes in HD using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and correlate the changes with cognitive impairment. Methods: The study included 32 HD patients and 30 age- and gender-matched controls. The demographic and clinical profiles of the patients were recorded. All subjects were evaluated by TMS and resting motor threshold (RMT), central motor conduction time (CMCT), silent period (SP), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation were determined. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to all subjects. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.1±14.1 years, and that of controls 39.4±12.4 years (p=0.61). There was no significant difference in RMT and CMCT between the two groups. There was a mild prolongation of the contralateral SP in HD, but it was not significant. SICI was significantly reduced in HD (p<0.0001). A significant impairment in attention, verbal fluency, executive function, visuospatial function, learning, and memory was observed in HD patients. However, there was no correlation between cortical excitability changes and cognitive impairment. Conclusions: TMS is a valuable method of evaluating cortical excitability changes in HD. These patients have reduced SICI and significant impairment of cognition in multiple domains

Evaluation of cognition and cortical excitability in Huntington’s disease

Background: Recent advances in neurophysiological techniques have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of Huntington’s disease (HD). Studies of the motor cortical excitability and central motor pathways have shown variable results. Objectives: Our aims were to evaluate the cortical excitability changes in HD using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and correlate the changes with cognitive impairment. Methods: The study included 32 HD patients and 30 age- and gender-matched controls. The demographic and clinical profiles of the patients were recorded. All subjects were evaluated by TMS and resting motor threshold (RMT), central motor conduction time (CMCT), silent period (SP), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation were determined. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to all subjects. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.1±14.1 years, and that of controls 39.4±12.4 years (p=0.61). There was no significant difference in RMT and CMCT between the two groups. There was a mild prolongation of the contralateral SP in HD, but it was not significant. SICI was significantly reduced in HD (p<0.0001). A significant impairment in attention, verbal fluency, executive function, visuospatial function, learning, and memory was observed in HD patients. However, there was no correlation between cortical excitability changes and cognitive impairment. Conclusions: TMS is a valuable method of evaluating cortical excitability changes in HD. These patients have reduced SICI and significant impairment of cognition in multiple domains