CHROMATOGRAPHY: INTRODUCTION OF IMPORTANT SEPARATION METHODS AND MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR ADJUSTMENT OF COLUMN PARAMETERS AND FLOW RATE IN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY TO REDUCE ANALYSIS TIME AND COST

Chromatographic techniques play a major role in the pharmaceutical industries for separation, including clinical applications, environmental applications, forensics, food analysis, and the analysis of biological samples. Different chromatographic techniques are available for analysis, like TLC, HPLC, UPLC, GC, LCMS, ion exchange, affinity, and Size exclusion chromatography, etc. In each chromatographic technique, the movable (Mobile) phase and fixed (Stationary) phases play a major role in the separation of mixture compounds. In Liquid chromatography, the “small particle size” of the stationary phase increased the performance of chromatographic separation after adjustment in Column parameters (length & internal diameters), resulting in reduced analysis time, consumption of chemical/Solvent, and Cost of analysis which is support to Green Chemistry. Isolation of content depends on partitioning between mobile and stationary phases which is completed with the help of Vander Waals' forces through dipole-dipole, dipole-induce dipole, л-complex bonding, hydrogen bonding interaction, adsorption/desorption, Physico-chemical interaction, capillary ways holding-bonding pattern, size and shape pattern, and ligand-receptor phenomena. In all the above techniques the movable phase is liquid or gas whereas the stationary phase contains solid material and solid support coated with a liquid material

Incidence of low bone mineral density in patients with advanced prostate cancer before hormonal manipulation

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men with an estimated 1.3 million cases diagnosed in 2018 according to the most recent International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) report.A large proportion of men still present with advanced disease and in this situation androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay of treatment.Prostate cancer is largely androgen-dependent and responds to endocrine therapy. ADT is an effective treatment modality which decreases the rate of disease progression, alleviates symptoms, and prolongs patients’ survival. ADT can be achieved through surgery (i.e., bilateral orchidectomy) or medical therapy (gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists, antagonists and antiandrogens).Methods: With the approval from institutional ethic committee, a case control study was planned at the urology outpatient department (OPD) at SMS Hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 44 patients with newly diagnosed advanced prostate cancer and requiring hormone manipulation were enrolled in study. Age matched control (age±2 years) was selected from patients attending urology clinics with conditions other than prostate cancer. Ratio of cases and control was kept 1:1. Written consent was taken from all participants.Results: Total 88 patients were enrolled in study, 44 in each group. The age of patients ranged from 57 to 86 years among the case group and 55–85 among the control group. Mean age of cases was 65.24±6.8 and control was 64.98±7.6 years (p=0.25). Body mass index which is calculated with standard formula (weight in kg/height in meter square) was significantly high among controls (24.20±2.46) in comparison to cases (23.42±2.84). Statistically significant difference was observed among case and control groups for PSA (p=0.0001) and serum calcium (p=0.005) however difference for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D was found insignificant (p>0.05).Conclusions: Low bone mineral density in patients with advanced prostate cancer before hormonal manipulation is nearly 50%. PSA and serum calcium level were significant different among case and control however this difference was not found for ALP, PTH and vitamin D. Consideration should be given to performing BMD studies in these men before initiating treatment, to avoid or minimize potential bone-related complications in these patients

COMMUNICATION ACROSS ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES WITH APPLICATION-SPECIFIC POP SELECTION IN SOFTWARE-DEFINED ENTERPRISE FABRIC

Techniques are presented herein that add to the existing 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) fifth generation (5G), private 5G, and secure access service edge (SASE) connectivity options for remote hosts when such hosts are located in an enterprise software-defined access (SDA) network. The techniques aid in connecting remote terrain, Industry 4.0, Internet of things (IoT), and private 5G devices through enterprise SDA/SDN networks (or any other intermediary overlay networks) and provide inter-access technology communication between 5G and existing access technology endpoints in an enterprise SDA fabric. The techniques also bring point of presence (PoP) service-level agreement (SLA) information (such as latency measures, performance details, etc.) to an edge or access element of a network to facilitate 5G application-specific PoP selection and a redirection of traffic to the correct PoP. That information may be used to select an application-specific PoP exit which meet applicable SLA requirements and/or select a service using a particular border, and then select a specific PoP, thus meeting the SLA requirements. The techniques also augment a security solution when a physical firewall is not directly connected to the service border but, rather, is available as a 5G application, such as under a firewall as a service paradigm in a SASE environment

An Empirical Study to Measure Customer Experience for Telecom Operators in Indian Telecom Industry

as Indian Telecom industry matures itself, service providers understand the essence of Customer Experience as the prime differentiator towards business success. This paper will provide a rundown of the extant literature on customer experience studies done in Telecom industry. This research paper also attempts to identify the determinants of Customer Experience for Telecom operators in Indian Telecom industry. Also this research paper defines a yardstick called ACEI score to quantify customer experience in telecom industr