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Attend Left vs. attend Right contrast.

<p>a). Topography of t-statistics obtained from AMI against 0 (middle). Left side of the topography corresponds to the left hemisphere throughout this article. Significantly modulated sensors are marked with symbols. TFR of AMI averaged across the posterior left sensors (left panel) and right sensors (Right panel). Warm color indicates higher alpha power in attend Left than attend Right conditions, and cool color indicates opposite pattern. b). Selected posterior sensors (20 sensors/hemisphere). These sensors were selected based solely on their locations.</p

Trial schematic and behavioral results.

<p>a). Events during a valid trial. Subjects were cued to one visual field with an endogenous cue (100% validity). Subjects detected whether the target (Landolt ring) had a gap on the top or bottom, and made an eye movement to the corresponding placeholder. b). Trial and response types. Center cue informed which visual field would contain the target. A cue in Neutral trial pointed to the both visual fields, containing no directional information. c). Accuracy for each subject and mean. d). Saccade RT for each subject and mean. Error bars represent standard error.</p

Individual subject saccade and fixation P3s.

<p>Plot of mean activity of electrodes in significant clusters of target minus distracter positivity for fixation trials (left column) and saccade trials (right column). Mean time course of target trials is plotted in blue and mean time course of distracter trials is plotted in red. Note that the EP waveforms are averages over all electrodes that showed significant target minus distracter positivity at any time points over the whole time window in which significant target minus distracter differences were observed. Time is measured relative to image presentation (fixation condition) or relative to saccade landing (saccade condition).</p

Direct comparison of fixation target and saccade target EPs.

<p>In contrast to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048761#pone-0048761-g004" target="_blank">figure 4</a>, when saccade target and fixation target EPs are compared directly, significant differences are observed between the saccade and fixation conditions, likely due to EOG and EEG saccade-related activity present in the saccade but not the fixation condition<b>. A,</b> Grand average across subjects of fixation and saccade target responses at midline electrodes Fz, Cz, Pz and Oz. Time is measured relative to image presentation (fixation condition) or relative to saccade landing (saccade condition). Time points belonging to clusters of significant difference are highlighted in gray. <b>B,</b> Topographies of target responses in fixation and saccade trials.</p

Comparison of fixation and saccade P3s.

<p>When P3s in saccade and fixation conditions are compared, saccade related EOG and EEG activity cancels in the saccade target minus saccade distracter subtraction, and there are no significant differences observed between saccade and fixation conditions. <b>A,</b> Grand average across subjects of P3 signal (target minus distracter) at midline electrodes Fz, Cz, Pz and Oz. Time is measured relative to image presentation (fixation condition) or relative to saccade landing (saccade condition). Shaded area represents standard error. <b>B,</b> Topographies of target minus distracter difference in saccade and fixation trials.</p

Saccade and fixation stimuli.

<p><b>A</b>, Two stimuli that were interchangeably used as target and distracter stimuli. <b>B</b>, Time course of horizontal eye position in fixation and saccade trials and visual stimuli corresponding to each temporal interval. The mean saccadic delay (MSD) was estimated prior to image presentation for each subject. The blank frames in the fixation trials were set to appear for a duration equal to the MSD prior to target/distracter presentation of 150 ms. The duration of image presentation in saccade trials was set to 150 ms plus the MSD in order to ensure that the image presentation duration after saccadic landing was also approximately 150 ms.</p

Saccade and fixation target minus distracter data at midline electrodes for individual subjects.

<p>Periods of significant difference between the saccade and fixation conditions are shaded.</p