Synthesis of Ionizable Calix[4]arenes for Chelation of Selected Divalent Cations

Two sets of functionalised calix[4]arenes, either with a 1,3-crown ether bridge or with an open-chain oligo ether moiety in 1,3-position were prepared and further equipped with additional deprotonisable sulfonamide groups to establish chelating systems for selected cations Sr2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+ ions. To improve the complexation behaviour towards these cations, calix[4]arenes with oligo ether groups and modified crowns of different sizes were synthesized. Association constants were determined by UV/Vis titration in acetonitrile using the respective perchlorate salts and logK values between 3.2 and 8.0 were obtained. These findings were supported by the calculation of the binding energies exemplarily for selected complexes with Ba2+. Keywords: calixarenes; barium; chelatio

Suppression of ILC2 differentiation from committed T cell precursors by E protein transcription factors

Current models propose that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are generated in the bone marrow. Here, we demonstrate that subsets of these cells can differentiate from multipotent progenitors and committed T cell precursors in the thymus, both in vivo and in vitro. These thymic ILC2s exit the thymus, circulate in the blood, and home to peripheral tissues. Ablation of E protein transcription factors greatly promotes the ILC fate while impairing B and T cell development. Consistently, a transcriptional network centered on the ZBTB16 transcription factor and IL-4 signaling pathway is highly up-regulated due to E protein deficiency. Our results show that ILC2 can still arise from what are normally considered to be committed T cell precursors, and that this alternative cell fate is restrained by high levels of E protein activity in these cells. Thymus-derived lung ILC2s of E protein-deficient mice show different transcriptomes, proliferative properties, and cytokine responses from wild-type counterparts, suggesting potentially distinct functions

A construção do perfil do professor e a mediação didática lúdica no Ensino Fundamental II

RESUMO O artigo traz resultados de pesquisa realizada em 2016 com professores que tiveram uma história de vida marcada pela leitura literária e estabelecem mediações de leitura em ambiente escolar no ensino fundamental II. A pesquisa foi realizada com uma professora e um professor de escolas públicas, uma em Salvador e outra em Feira de Santana, mediante abordagem fenomenológica utilizando história de vida, com o auxilio dos instrumentos: observação participante, entrevista narrativa e texto autobiográfico. Os professores participantes da pesquisa são licenciados em Biologia e Matemática. A ludicidade como premissa fundante da experiência com a leitura literária na vida dos sujeitos foi investigada, assim como, a sua expressão lúdica foi observada nas mediações didáticas e partilhas espontâneas de saber literário. Os conceitos que permitiram uma análise sensível da realidade estudada foram encontrados em Luckesi (1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2016), Brougère (1998, 2002), Maffesoli (1998, 2001), Callois (1990), d’Ávila (2007, 2009, 2008, 2014, 2016), Zilbermann (1988, 2005, 2008), Durand (1997) dentre outros. Concluiu-se que o perfil lúdico do docente, enquanto impulso inicial do sujeito, mediante contínuas experiências afetivas com a leitura literária, concretiza um perfil profissional, que, por sua vez, influencia a forma e a qualidade das mediações didáticas

Vector autoregression: useful in rare diseases? — Predicting organ response patterns in a rare case of secondary AA amyloidosis

Background Statistical analyses of clinical data are a cornerstone in understanding pathomechanisms of disorders. In rare disorders, cross-sectional datasets of sufficient size are usually not available. Taking AA amyloidosis as an example of a life-threatening rare disorder resulting from of uncontrolled chronic inflammation, we propose techniques from time series analysis to predict organ response to treatment. The advantage of time-series analysis is that it solely relies on temporal variation and therefore allows analyzing organ response to treatment even when the cross-sectional dimension is small. Methods The joint temporal interdependence of inflammatory activity and organ response was modelled multivariately using vector autoregression (VAR) based on a unique 4.5 year spanning data set of routine laboratory, imaging data (e.g., 18F-Florbetaben-PET/CT) and functional investigations of a 68-year-old patient with multi-organ involvement of AA amyloidosis due to ongoing inflammatory activity of a malignant paraganglioma in stable disease for >20 years and excellent response to tocilizumab). Results VAR analysis showed that alterations in inflammatory activity forecasted alkaline phosphatase (AP). AP levels, but not inflammatory activity at the previous measurement time point predicted proteinuria. Conclusion We demonstrate the feasibility and value of time series analysis for obtaining clinically reliable information when the rarity of a disease prevents conventional prognostic modelling approaches. We illustrate the comparative utility of blood, functional and imaging markers to monitor the development and regression of AA amyloidosis

Como se fora brincadeira de roda: um estudo sobre a conduta lúdica docente na Educação de Jovens e Adultos

O presente artigo aponta resultados parciais da pesquisa de doutorado em fase de conclusão pelo do Programa de Pós-graduação da Faculdade de Educação da UFBA. Visa compreender como a cultura lúdica se expressa nas classes de jovens e adultos e como os docentes se apropriam dos saberes vivenciais de seus educandos. O lastro teórico assenta-se em Brougère (2008), Luckesi (2000, 2002), D’ávila (2006, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2017), Maffesoli (1998), especialmente nos conceitos de cultura lúdica, ludicidade e didática do sensível. A relevância da presente pesquisa tem sido evidenciada pela lacuna existente nos programas de pós-graduação do Estado da Bahia, no que tange aos estudos sobre ludicidade e cultura lúdica nas práticas pedagógicas em classes de jovens e adultos. A opção metodológica definida se insere na perspectiva da etnografia, com os procedimentos de observação participante, entrevistas narrativas e histórias de vida buscando compreender como se manifesta a cultura lúdica nas ações pedagógicas empreendidas pelos docentes. A pesquisa tem como lócus duas escolas da rede pública de Salvador, totalizando quatro turmas e quatro docentes no Ensino Fundamental I. Os dados trouxeram à tona evidências de um conceito que sobreveio com ênfase: a conduta lúdica docente

A TMEFF2-regulated cell cycle derived gene signature is prognostic of recurrence risk in prostate cancer

Background: The clinical behavior of prostate cancer (PCa) is variable, and while the majority of cases remain indolent, 10% of patients progress to deadly forms of the disease. Current clinical predictors used at the time of diagnosis have limitations to accurately establish progression risk. Here we describe the development of a tumor suppressor regulated, cell-cycle gene expression based prognostic signature for PCa, and validate its independent contribution to risk stratification in several radical prostatectomy (RP) patient cohorts. Methods: We used RNA interference experiments in PCa cell lines to identify a gene expression based gene signature associated with Tmeff2, an androgen regulated, tumor suppressor gene whose expression shows remarkable heterogeneity in PCa. Gene expression was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Correlation of the signature with disease outcome (time to recurrence) was retrospectively evaluated in four geographically different cohorts of patients that underwent RP (834 samples), using multivariate logistical regression analysis. Multivariate analyses were adjusted for standard clinicopathological variables. Performance of the signature was compared to previously described gene expression based signatures using the SigCheck software. Results: Low levels of TMEFF2 mRNA significantly (p \u3c 0.0001) correlated with reduced disease-free survival (DFS) in patients from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) dataset. We identified a panel of 11 TMEFF2 regulated cell cycle related genes (TMCC11), with strong prognostic value. TMCC11 expression was significantly associated with time to recurrence after prostatectomy in four geographically different patient cohorts (2.9 ≤ HR ≥ 4.1; p ≤ 0.002), served as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in the four RP cohorts (1.96 ≤ HR ≥ 4.28; p ≤ 0.032) and improved the prognostic value of standard clinicopathological markers. The prognostic ability of TMCC11 panel exceeded previously published oncogenic gene signatures (p = 0.00017). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the TMCC11 gene signature is a robust independent prognostic marker for PCa, reveals the value of using highly heterogeneously expressed genes, like Tmeff2, as guides to discover prognostic indicators, and suggests the possibility that low Tmeff2 expression marks a distinct subclass of PCa