39 research outputs found
Basic Principles for Taking Extraoral Photographs
Moderna stomatologija zahtijeva plan terapije ukljuÄujuÄi u to i cijelo pacijentovo lice. Fotografija predstavlja vizualnu referenciju za praÄenje promjena koje nastaju tijekom rasta i razvoja, pacijentu omoguÄuje prikaz vlastitih promjena prije i nakon pojedinog zahvata, a terapeutu daje vizualnu graÄu koja se može upotrebljavati u nastavne svrhe i kao temelj za daljnja istraživanja. Temelj svake kliniÄke fotografije podrazumijeva znanje i primjenu tehniÄkih aspekata fotografije. Fotografije prije i poslije pojedinog zahvata nisu dovoljno pouzdane ako postoji distorzija pojedinih dijelova na jednoj od fotografija. U ovome radu prikazane su najvažnije znaÄajke kod ekstraoralnih frontalnih i lateralnih fotografija koje je potrebno nadzirati ako se želi postiÄi odgovarajuÄa reprodukcija, primjerice izbor leÄe, položaj kamere, udaljenost pacijenta i položaj glave. UÄinjene su frontalne i lateralne fotografije s razliÄitim položajem glave i kamere kako bi se vidjele razlike na konaÄnoj fotografiji. Upotrebom lako prepoznatljivih referentnih linija na licu moguÄe je standardizirati frontalne i lateralne fotografije lica, a samom standardiziranoÅ”Äu medicinske fotografije postaju vrijedan dodatak kliniÄkim kartonima.Modern dentistry, as a part of the complete therapy plan, includes the whole of the patientās face. A photograph provides important visual reference for monitoring growth and developmental changes, providing the patient with a view of the changes and providing the therapist with credible visual material for teaching and research. The first component to consider is the technical aspect of photography. However, documentation of the treatment with pre-treatment and post-treatment photographs can be misleading if the features on one or both photographs are distorted. In this article the authors present the variables for frontal and profile facial photographs that should be understood and controlled if accurate reproduction is desired, such as: lens selection, camera position, subject distance and head position. Consequently numerous frontal and lateral photographs were taken with different head and camera positions in order to show their different contributions to the final picture. Using easily recognised facial landmarks, dental photographers can standardise frontal and lateral portraits for more consistent comparison, and by standardisation they could become valuable additions to clinical charts/records
Usporedba dentalne i skeletne dobi kod hrvatskih ispitanika
This study investigated the relationships between the stages of calcification of teeth and cervical vertebral maturation. The sample consisted of 295 subjects (129 male and 166 female), mean age 13.36Ā±2.65 (range 7-18) years. Dental age was evaluated from panoramic radiographs according to the method of Demirjian. Cervical vertebral maturation was determined on lateral cephalometric radiographs using cervical vertebrae maturation stages (CVS). For assessing the relationship between cervical vertebral and dental maturation, percentage distributions of the stages of calcification for each studied tooth were calculated. Only in the first CVS stage, boys and girls were of the same age. In all other stages (CVS 2- CVS 6) girls were by 0.98 (range 0.23-1.86) younger than boys. Gender differences in the mineralization pattern were also observed. It was found that dental maturation was finished earlier in female subjects. The highest correlation coefficient between dental and skeletal maturity was found for second premolars. Mineralization pattern
of second premolars could be considered as a guideline for prediction of the pubertal growth spurt. Dental maturation stages might be clinically useful as a reliable indicator of facial growth.Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je odrediti odnos izmeÄu stupnjeva mineralizacije zuba i stupnjeva skeletne zrelosti. Uzorak se sastojao od 295 ispitanika (129 muÅ”kih i 166 ženskih). Srednja dob za uzorak je bila 13.36Ā±2.65 (raspon 7-18) godina. Dentalna zrelost je odreÄena metodom ortopantomograma prema Demirjianu. Skeletna zrelost vratne kralježnice odreÄena je na laterolateralnim snimkama glave pomoÄu stupnjeva maturacije vratne kralježnice (cervical vertebrae maturation stages, CVS). Za odreÄivanje odnosa izmeÄu stupnjeva maturacije vratne kralježnice i zuba izraÄunata je postotna distribucija
stupnjeva mineralizacije za svaki zub. Samo u prvom stupnju CVS djeÄaci i djevojÄice su bili iste kronoloÅ”ke dobi. U svim ostalim stupnjevima (CVS 2-CVS 6) djevojÄice su bile 0,98 (raspon 0,23-1,86) mlaÄe od djeÄaka. PronaÄene su spolne razlike u dobu mineralizacije, naime, mineralizacija zuba zavrÅ”ava ranije kod ženskih ispitanika. NajveÄi stupanj korelacije izmeÄu dentalne i skeletne dobi pronaÄen je kod drugih premolara. Vrijeme mineralizacije drugih premolara
moglo bi pomoÄi u predviÄanju maksimalnog zamaha pubertalnog rasta. Stupnjevi dentalne zrelosti mogli bi biti pokazatelj kraniofacijalnog rasta
Cephalometric Evaluation of the Incisor Position in Subjects with Angle Class II/1 and II/2
Ovo je istraživanje poduzeto sa svrhom da se utvrde srednje vrijednosti i standardne devijacije za varijable kojima se procjenjuje položaj i inklinacija sjekutiÄa u ispitanika s klasom II/1 i II/2 po Angleu, da se utvrdi postoje li statistiÄki znatne razlike izmeÄu ispitivanih varijabli, te da se utvrdi koje varijable pokazuju statistiÄki najveÄu razliku.
Uzorak se sastojao od 38 latero-lateralnih rendgenskih slika ispitanika s klasom II/1 i 35 slika ispitanika s klasom II/2. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 10 varijabli: 1 : sp-pm, 1 : m-go, 1 : 1, Is : n-ss, Ii : n-sm, 1 : n-s, Is : A-Pog, Ii : A-Pog, 1 : n-A (Ā°), 1: n-B (Ā°). Za sve su varijable odreÄene srednje vrijednosti i standardne devijacije, a Student t-test je poslužio za ispitivanje znatnosti razlika izmeÄu ispitivanih skupina. Rezultati pokazuju da postoje statistiÄki znatne razlike izmeÄu svih ispitivanih varijabli, osim varijable Ii:n-sm (mm). Glavne znaÄajke ispitanika s klasom II/1 bile su protruzija gornjih i donjih sjekutiÄa u odnosu prema bazalnoj kosti, te protruzija gornjih sjekutiÄa u odnosu prema prednjoj kranijalnoj bazi, a ispitanici s klasom II/2 imaju retrudirane gornje sjekutiÄe i u odnosu prema bazi gornje Äeljusti i u odnosu prema prednjoj kranijalnoj bazi.The aim of this study was to determine the mean values and standard deviations of variables that evaluate the inclination and position of incisors in patients with Angle Class II/1 and Class II/2; to determine the statistical significance between investigated variables among groups; and to point out the most significant variable for evaluating the difference between these Angle Classes. The sample consisted of 38 radiographs of patients with Angle Class II/1, and 35 radiographs of patients with Class II/2. The analysis comprised 10 variables: 1 : sp-pm, 1 : m-go, 1 : 1, Is : n-ss, Ii : n-sm, 1 : n-s, Is : A-Pog, Ii : A-Pog , 1 : n-A (Ā°), 1: n-B (Ā°). Means and standard deviations were determined for all variables, and Student t-test were performed to test the differences between investigated groups. It could be concluded that there is significant difference between all investigated variables between subjects with Angle Class II/1 and Class II/2 except for the variable Ii:n-sm. The main dentoalveolar characteristics of subjects with Angle Class II/1 are protrusion of upper and lower incisors in relation to their skeletal base, and protrusion of upper incisors in relation to the anterior cranial base, while Class II/2 patients exhibited retrusion of upper incisors in relation to the basal bone and to the anterior cranial base
Horizontal Lip Position in Twelve-Year-Old Subjects with Class I and Class II/1
Svrha je istraživanja da se na laterolateralnim rentgenogramima s pomoÄu linearnih varijabli, po Burstoneu i Rickettsu, utvrdi razlika strukture mekoga tkiva, s naglaskom na položaj usana, u ispitanika s klasom II/1 i klasom I te utvrde razlike navedenih varijabli s obzirom na spol. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 57 rentgenograma ispitanika hrvatske populacije s klasom II/1 i klasom I u dobi od dvanaest godina.
Istraživanjem se pokazalo da kod klase I kod svih pet varijabli nema razlike s obzirom na spol; kod klase II/1 pronaÄena je razlika s obzirom na spol; raÅ”Älambom djeÄaka kod klase I i II/1 pronaÄena je razlika u položaju gornje i donje usne prema Rickettsu i Burstoneu; raÅ”Älambom djevojÄica kod klase I i II/1 nije pronaÄena statistiÄki znatna razlika; te na kraju usporedbom klasa I i II/1 bez obzira na spol pronaÄena je razlika u položaju gornje usne prema objema linijama.The aim of the study was to define the difference of the lip position on lateral cephalograms of subjects with class I and II/1 according to Ricketts and Burstone defining the differences of the variables according to sex. The sample comprised of 57 lateral cephalograms of twelve years old boys and girls. Using measured variables statistic analysis showed following conclusions: Angle class I didnāt show any differences between females and males; class II/1 did show the differences according to sex; analysing boys between class I and II/1 differences in position of upper and lower lip are present; analysing girls between class I and II/1 differences in position of upper and lower lip are not present; comparison between classes without sex separations showes differences in position of upper lip according to both lines
ALCOHOL ABUSE IN THE DENTAL PATIENT AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER CAUSED BY TRAUMA
The aim of the paper was to describe the multidimensional character of alcoholism and its effects on oral health, with a review of
the relation between the traumatogenic factor of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and bruxism development. The difference
between moderate drinking and the development of alcohol addiction which leads to alcoholism-related medical, social, legal and
economic issues is not always clear. Alcoholism is often hidden within the private and wider social framework of a patient. Oral
diseases are easy to notice in recorded alcoholics as well as in, for example, smokers. TMDs consist of a disorder of masticatory
muscles and/or a disorder of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Since the traumatogenic factor of individuals under the influence of
alcohol is clearly evident, it can potentially become an initializing factor of TMJ disorder\u27s clinical signs and symptoms development.
A modern approach to the etiopathogenesis is to include the multifactorial model, that is, combinations of potential factors with
various individual importances. In everyday dental practice, co-morbidities of oral diseases and alcoholism are expected more often,
as well as oral diseases with their etiopathogenesis partially related to alcohol use
Soft-Start Polymerization of Fissure Sealant: Retention after Three Years
The aim of this study was to investigate retention of composite fissure sealant polymerized with standard and softstart
technique after a three year clinical trial. One hundred teeth were divided into two groups (A&B) of teeth and sealed
with composite material (Visioseal, 3M Espe) using split mouth design. Sealants were polymerized using standard
(Group A) and soft-start (Group B) techniques with commercial polymerization unit (Elipar Highlight, 3M Espe). Retention
rate in Group A was 72%. In 14 teeth sealant was partially or completely missing. Group B showed retention rate of
80%. Sealant was partially or completely missing in 10 teeth. Six new caries lesions in Group A (3) and B (3) were detected.
Mann-Whitney test did not reveal significant differences between the polymerization techniques. After three years
complete retention of sealants, regardless of the group, was 76% (76 teeth) with six new caries lesions. Soft-start polymerization
showed a comparable retention rate as the standard polymerization technique