Reviews on the biology and culture of Silver Pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788)

Silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) is one of the most valuable and desired table fishes of the world. It has high economic value and has been reported to contribute significantly in the commercial fishery in its native ranges. Considering its high economic value, it is really necessary to have scientific knowledge on its biology and culture so as to continue its fishery in long run. Substantial research has so far been conducted to gather information on its biology and culture, but till date no such consolidated report is available on these aspects. The present work has been focused to gather the already documented information on its biology and culture, and to point out the scope of further research to support its fishery and trade. Considering the information summed up in the present report, it is evident that ample information is available on its feeding and reproductive biology, but information on its culture methodologies is scanty. Hence, further study is needed to gather more information on its culture and rearing methodologies to support its fishery and trade in coming days

Length-weight relationship of Mystus tengara (Ham.-Buch., 1822), a freshwater catfish of Indian subcontinent

Length-weight relationship is the most commonly used analysis which has been used for several purposes in fisheries field among which estimation of weight from length is the most popular one. The present study has been performed to analyze the length-weight relationship of Mystus tengara, a freshwater catfish of Indian subcontinent. Total Length and Body Weight of the studied specimens have been observed to vary from 7.2-11.3 cm (male), 7.3-11.7 cm (female) and 3.43-13.63 g (male), 2.83-14.88 g (female). The calculated regression coefficient (b) values are 2.941, 3.119 and 3.071 for male, female and combined sex, respectively; thus depicting negative allometric growth for male; while positive allometric growth for female and combined sex of this fish species. The correlation coefficient values (0.94, 0.95 and 0.95 for male, female and combined sex, respectively) are suggesting a significant relationship between length and weight of the studied fish. The present study provides the first baseline information on the length weight relationship of M. tengara which will be beneficial for future management of this fish species

Feeding and Breeding Biology of Amblypharyngodon mola – A Review

Amblypharyngodon mola is a popular food fish of Indian sub-continent due to its high nutritional value. Earlier many workers have carried out studies on feeding and breeding biology of this fish species but consolidated information on the same is not available. So, a survey of published literatures on the feeding and breeding biology of A. mola has been carried out to consolidate the available information.  Lacunae of information has been pointed out for further study mainly on age group wise variation in food preference and correlation of breeding periodicity with hydrological parameters and photoperiod

Eutropiichthys vacha (Hamilton, 1822), a threatened fish of Indian subcontinent

Eutropiichthys vacha (Batchwa vacha) is a freshwater catfish species having high economic value. It is a very popular table fish among the consumers due to high nutritional value and taste. Just recently small specimens of this species have also made their entry in ornamental fish markets. Recently due to number of reasons, populations of this fish species are facing the threat of extinction. It has already been documented as Endangered in India and Critically Endangered in Bangladesh. The present report has been prepared to summarize the information available on different aspects of this threatened fish species as well as to point out the possible measures that should be considered for its conservation

A review on Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) with an emphasis on its conservation

Labeo calbasu is a freshwater fish species and is the most important carp species next to three Indian Major Carps Labeo rohita, Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala. It is a popular food fish and also is admired as a sport fish. Recently this fish species has also made its entry in ornamental fish markets of India and abroad. In last few years, the natural populations of this fish species has seriously declined due to over fishing and other anthropological reasons. In India it has been reported as Lower Risk near Threatened and in Bangladesh as endangered species. Earlier number of works has been conducted on different aspects of Labeo calbasu including food and feeding habit and reproductive biology. This report has been prepared with a view to sum up all those previously documented information along with pointing out the missing information further study of which will be beneficial for its fishery. Apart from this, it has been tried to note down some possible measures which should be considered for its conservation

Formulation and evaluation of gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres

The aim of this study was to formulate gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres. Microspheres were prepared by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique using eudragit RLPO, eudragit RSPO and with their various combinations. The effect of different formulation variables (drug-polymer ratio and polymer-polymer ratio) on percent yield, mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of drug were evaluated. In vivo test of the optimized formulation was performed on streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic rat model. The formulated microspheres showed higher encapsulation efficiencies within the range of 72-84 %. Mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release were found to be affected by changing in formulation variables. In vitro release study revealed the gliclazide release from the microspheres was extended for more than 12 h. In vivo hypoglycemic effect of microspheres was more than 25 h suggesting microspheres are a valuable system for sustained delivery of gliclazide.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Formulation and evaluation of gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres

The aim of this study was to formulate gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres. Microspheres were prepared by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique using eudragit RLPO, eudragit RSPO and with their various combinations. The effect of different formulation variables (drug-polymer ratio and polymer-polymer ratio) on percent yield, mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of drug were evaluated. In vivo test of the optimized formulation was performed on streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic rat model. The formulated microspheres showed higher encapsulation efficiencies within the range of 72-84 %. Mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release were found to be affected by changing in formulation variables. In vitro release study revealed the gliclazide release from the microspheres was extended for more than 12 h. In vivo hypoglycemic effect of microspheres was more than 25 h suggesting microspheres are a valuable system for sustained delivery of gliclazide.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Dual-Band Quasi-Coherent Radiative Thermal Source

Thermal radiation from an unpatterned object is similar to that of a gray body. The thermal emission is insensitive to polarization, shows only Lambertian angular dependence, and is well modeled as the product of the blackbody distribution and a scalar emissivity over large frequency bands. Here, we design, fabricate and experimentally characterize the spectral, polarization, angular and temperature dependence of a microstructured SiC dual band thermal infrared source, achieving independent control of the frequency and polarization of thermal radiation in two spectral bands. The measured emission of the device in the Reststrahlen band (10.3-12.7 um) selectively approaches that of a blackbody, peaking at an emissivity of 0.85 at Lx=11.75 um and 0.81 at Ly=12.25 um. This effect arises due to the thermally excited phonon polaritons in silicon carbide. The control of thermal emission properties exhibited by the design is well suited for applications requiring infrared sources, gas or temperature sensors and nanoscale heat transfer. Our work paves the way for future silicon carbide based thermal metasurfaces.Comment: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer (2018

In-Hospital Outcome In Patients With Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

The purpose of the study was to determine the in-hospital outcome and resource utilization in patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACHD) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Current guidelines from professional societies do not support TAVR in patients with ACHD, likely from a lack of supportive evidence. Temporal trends in patients with ACHD undergoing TAVR were determined using the 2016-2018 National Inpatient Sample database appropriate ICS-10-PCS code. Stata 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. 0.87% of patients undergoing TAVR had concomitant ACHD, with ASD being the most common (78%). After matching, there was no increased risk of mortality in ACHD patients undergoing TAVR compared to patients without ACHD (OR 1.43, P = 0.59). Additionally, no difference was found in the incidence of overall cardiac complications between patients with ACHD and patients without ACHD, except STEMI (OR 4.16, 95% CI, 1.08-16.00, P = 0.038), which is likely due to more comorbidity burden in the later cohort. Complications such as acute kidney injury, ischemic stroke, and bleeding were similar. Hospital resource utilization was higher in the ACHD group in the form of increased length of stay and higher mean total cost. The comparable in-hospital all-cause mortality and complication rate in ACHD patients undergoing TAVR compared to patients without ACHD is encouraging and will be helpful to design future randomized controlled trials

Formulation and evaluation of gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres

The aim of this study was to formulate gliclazide loaded controlled release microspheres. Microspheres were prepared by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique using eudragit RLPO, eudragit RSPO and with their various combinations. The effect of different formulation variables (drug-polymer ratio and polymer-polymer ratio) on percent yield, mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of drug were evaluated. In vivo test of the optimized formulation was performed on streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic rat model. The formulated microspheres showed higher encapsulation efficiencies within the range of 72-84 %. Mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release were found to be affected by changing in formulation variables. In vitro release study revealed the gliclazide release from the microspheres was extended for more than 12 h. In vivo hypoglycemic effect of microspheres was more than 25 h suggesting microspheres are a valuable system for sustained delivery of gliclazide.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire