Towards embedded control for resonant scanning MEMS micromirror

This paper describes the design and realization of an electrostatic actuated MEMS mirror operating at a resonance frequency of 23.5 KHz with a PLL feedback loop. The design is based upon a thorough understanding of the (non-linear) dynamical behavior of the mirror. Using an external position sensitive device (PSD) the proper working of the PLL is demonstrated. Next we study the possibility to replace the PSD sensor with an embedded capacitive phase-angle sensor. We show measurements of capacitance changes with large parasitic influences while actuating the mirror in a feed forward mode. This demonstrates the feasibility of a fully embedded control for a resonant scanning MEMS mirror. Keywords: MEMS micromirror; laser display; raster scanning, capacitive tilt-angle sensor; PLL\ud \u

The Hungarian Legislation Concerning Infanticide A Historical Overview and Criminological Background

В статті розглядаються ситуації, які спонукали уповноважених з прав людини при Угорському парламенті створити групу, метою якої є популяризація і розвиток культури прав особистості. Визначаються правові норми професійної діяльності омбудсмена, а також інституту з захисту конституції і прав людини в цілому. Більш детально розглядається результат роботи даної структури, її роль, функції, необхідність захисту культури конституційних прав і їхнього розвитку. Ключові слова: Угорщина, Омбудсменський інститут, культура прав особистості, політичне право, реактивна роль, активна роль, неслухняність громадян, конституційно - правова шкода, легітимність.В статье рассмотрены ситуации, которые побудили уполномоченных в вопросах личных прав человека при Венгерском парламенте, создать группу, цель которой, содействие и развитие культуры прав личности. Здесь вы увидите определения правовых стандартов профессиональной деятельности омбудсмена и института по защите Конституции и прав человека в целом. Более детально рассматриваются вопросы касательно результатов работы данной структуры, ее роли в государстве, функций, потребностей в защите культуры конституционных прав и их развития. Ключевые слова: Венгрия, Омбудсменский институт, культура прав личности, политическое право, реактивная роль, активная роль, непослушность граждан, конституционно-правовой вред, легитимность.In the article reviewed situation, that are prompted the commissioners of personal rights in the Hungarian parliament to create a group for promote and develop the culture of personal rights. Here you see a define of the legal standards of professional activities of the Ombudsman, of the Institute for the Protection of the Constitution and human rights. The more attention paid in questions of the results of this structure, role in the State, functions, needs in the protect the culture of constitutional rights and their development. Key words: Hungary, Ombudsman’s Institution, culture of personal rights, political law, reactive role, proactive role, disobedience of citizens, the constitutional legal injury, and legitimacy

Spatially resolved high resolution interferometry

Abstract. The construction of a cheap but very stable and accurate Michelson interferometer is described. To avoid (expensive) lock-in techniques a DC feedback loop has been implemented. A major advantage of this system is that the signal is proportional to the optical path length change itself, and not to the sine thereof. The frequency stabilization of the He-Ne laser used-necessary to attain the desired high resolution-is outlined. the Abel inversion procedure, used in a cylindrically symmetrical situation to convert lateral measurements into radial profiles, is discussed. A length-equivalent accuracy of about 0.1 nm has been accomplished. The system has been used to measure the radial profile of the refractive index of RF plasmas in CF4 and Ar

A Class-Based Least-Recently-Used Caching Algorithm for WWW Proxies Proceedings

In this paper we study and analyze the in uence of caching stategies on the performance of WWW proxies. We propose a new strategy called class-based LRU that works recency-based as well as size-based, with the ultimate aim to obtain a well-balanced mixture between large and small documents in the cache, and hence, good performance for both small and large object requests. We show that for class-based LRU good results are obtained for both the hit rate and the byte hit rate, if the size of the classes and the corresponding document size ranges are well choosen. The latter is achieved by using a Bayesian decision rule and a characterisation of the requested object-size distribution using the EM-algorithm. Furthermore, the overhead to implement class-based LRU is comparable to that of LRU and does not depend on the number of cached objects