Arbetsplatser i Kortedala och Gårdsten : branschstruktur och lokaliseringsmönster i två bostadsområden i Göteborg /

<p><b>Shoot (A-C) and root (D-F) ion content for <i>HKT1;1</i> native overexpression lines.</b> Statistical significance was determined using Tukey’s HSD test between each line within treatments. Bars with the same letters indicate no significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Error bars represent standard error of the mean where n = 12–18 plants.</p

Neuron Fractal Image Reading

<p>Seed along with few iterations of neuron fractal has been provided.</p

Viewing Angle Edge Detector

<p>Viewing Angle Edge Detector (VAED) Result Comparison with other commonly known edge detectors.</p

Golden Ratio Speech Codec (img)

<p>Original speech signal and Golden ratio speech codec resultant speech signal.</p

Naphthalene Diimide Copolymers by Direct Arylation Polycondensation as Highly Stable Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

Conjugated donor–acceptor copolymers based on naphthalene diimide (NDI) as acceptor and thiophene-terminated oligophenylene­vinylene as donor moieties (P₁ and P₂, respectively) were synthesized using the direct (hetero) arylation (DHAP) polymerization route. Nitrile groups were introduced at the vinylene linkage in one copolymer (P₂) to fine-tune its electrochemical properties. Both polymers show π–π* transition in the 300–480 nm region and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from thiophene to NDI in the 500–800 nm region in the absorption spectra. P₂ exhibits a blue-shifted intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band in the absorption spectrum as well as a lower reduction potential in the cyclic voltammogram compared to the analogous polymer without the nitrile substitution (P₁). The two polymers were evaluated as type III supercapacitor materials by preparing composite electrodes with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and employing 0.5 M H₂SO₄ as the electrolyte. Their performance was compared with that of P­(NDI2OD-T2) as a reference polymer. The polymer P₂ based supercapacitor exhibits a specific capacitance of 124 F/g with excellent stability up to 5000 cycles with almost 100% retention of the initial capacitance in the potential window of −0.7 to 0.5 V. Compared to P₂, P₁ exhibits a specific capacitance of 84 F/g, while the corresponding value for the reference polymer P­(NDI2OD-T2) is 61 F/g under identical conditions

Naphthalene Diimide Copolymers by Direct Arylation Polycondensation as Highly Stable Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

Conjugated donor–acceptor copolymers based on naphthalene diimide (NDI) as acceptor and thiophene-terminated oligophenylene­vinylene as donor moieties (P₁ and P₂, respectively) were synthesized using the direct (hetero) arylation (DHAP) polymerization route. Nitrile groups were introduced at the vinylene linkage in one copolymer (P₂) to fine-tune its electrochemical properties. Both polymers show π–π* transition in the 300–480 nm region and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from thiophene to NDI in the 500–800 nm region in the absorption spectra. P₂ exhibits a blue-shifted intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band in the absorption spectrum as well as a lower reduction potential in the cyclic voltammogram compared to the analogous polymer without the nitrile substitution (P₁). The two polymers were evaluated as type III supercapacitor materials by preparing composite electrodes with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and employing 0.5 M H₂SO₄ as the electrolyte. Their performance was compared with that of P­(NDI2OD-T2) as a reference polymer. The polymer P₂ based supercapacitor exhibits a specific capacitance of 124 F/g with excellent stability up to 5000 cycles with almost 100% retention of the initial capacitance in the potential window of −0.7 to 0.5 V. Compared to P₂, P₁ exhibits a specific capacitance of 84 F/g, while the corresponding value for the reference polymer P­(NDI2OD-T2) is 61 F/g under identical conditions

Volatile Methyl Siloxane Atmospheric Oxidation Mechanism from a Theoretical PerspectiveHow is the Siloxanol Formed?

Despite several investigations on the atmospheric fate of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS), the oxidation chemistry of these purely anthropogenic, high production volume compounds is poorly understood. This led to uncertainties in the environmental impact and fate of the oxidation products. According to laboratory measurements, the main VMS oxidation product is the siloxanol (a −CH3 replaced with an −OH); however, none of the mechanisms proposed to date satisfactorily explain its formation. Motivated by our previous experimental observations of VMS oxidation products, we use theoretical quantum chemical calculations to (1) explore a previously unconsidered reaction pathway to form the siloxanol from a reaction of a siloxy radical with gas-phase water, (2) investigate differences in reaction rates of radical intermediates in hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) oxidation, and (3) attempt to explain the experimentally observed products. Our results suggest that while the proposed reaction of the siloxy radical with water to form the siloxanol can occur, it is too slow to compete with other unimolecular reactions and thus cannot explain the observed siloxanol formation. We also find that the reaction between the initial D3 peroxy radical (RO2•) with HO2• is slower than previously anticipated (calculated as 3 × 10–13 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 for D3 and 2 × 10–11 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 for D4 compared to the general rate of ∼1 × 10–11 cm3 molecule–1 s–1). Finally, we compare the anticipated fates of the RO2• under a variety of conditions and find that a reaction with NO (assuming a general RO2• + NO bimolecular rate constant of 9 × 10–12 cm3 molecule–1 s–1) will likely be the dominant fate in urban conditions, while isomerization can be important in cleaner environments

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Basmati Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Germplasm Collected from North Western Himalayas Using Trait Linked SSR Markers

<div><p>One hundred forty one basmati rice genotypes collected from different geographic regions of North Western Himalayas were characterized using 40 traits linked microsatellite markers. Number of alleles detected by the abovementioned primers were 112 with a maximum and minimum frequency of 5 and 2 alleles, respectively. The maximum and minimum polymorphic information content values were found to be 0.63 and 0.17 for the primers RM206 and RM213, respectively. The genetic similarity coefficient for the most number of pairs ranged between of 0.2-0.9 with the average value of 0.60 for all possible combinations, indicating moderate genetic diversity among the chosen genotypes. Phylogenetic cluster analysis of the SSR data based on distance divided all genotypes into four groups (I, II, III and IV), whereas model based clustering method divided these genotypes into five groups (A, B, C, D and E). However, the result from both the analysis are in well agreement with each other for clustering on the basis of place of collection and geographic region, except the local basmati genotypes which clustered into three subpopulations in structure analysis comparison to two clusters in distance based clustering. The diverse genotypes and polymorphic trait linked microsatellites markers in the present study will be used for the identification of quantitative trait loci/genes for different economically important traits to be utilized in molecular breeding programme of rice in the future.</p></div

UPGMA dendrogram showing four clusters (I, II, III and IV) of all 141 basmati genotypes of rice.

<p>UPGMA dendrogram showing four clusters (I, II, III and IV) of all 141 basmati genotypes of rice.</p

Major allele frequency of polymorphic SSR markers.

<p>Major allele frequency of polymorphic SSR markers.</p