Proficiency From Immersion: A Human-Centered Design in Cross-Cultural Surgical Training

Ensuring surgeons are well-trained in various skills is of paramount importance to patient safety. Surgical simulators were introduced to laparoscopy training during the last 2 decades for basic skills training. The main drawback of current simulation-based laparoscopy training is their lack of true representation of the intro-operative experience. To create a complete surgical surrounding, the required amount of resources is demanding. Moreover, organizing immersive training with surgical teams burdens daily clinical routines. High-end virtual reality (VR) headsets bring an opportunity to generate an immersive virtual OR with accessible and affordable expenses. Pilot studies reveal that personalization and localization are key needs of the virtual operating room (VOR). They are therefore key in this study. The focus of this study was to explore the effect of different human factors, such as domain knowledge, culture, and familiarity of VR technologies, on the perception of VOR experience. A human-centered design approach was applied to investigate the presence and usability of a VOR. Sixty-four surgical practitioners joined the study in the Netherlands and India. The surgeons were referred to as “experts” and surgical trainees as “novices.” The VOR system we used is composed of a laparoscopic simulator, a graphic virtual OR surrounding, and an Oculus Rift VR headset. Participants conducted the “complete Lapchol” task with the VOR. Afterward, four questionnaires were used to collect subjective ratings on presence and usability. Participant’s qualitative feedback was collected using a semi-structural interview as the final stage. Results showed the surgical knowledge only affected perceived mental demand when using a VOR. The cultural difference would alter the rating on the majority of items in these questionnaires. VR experience mainly affected the judgment on presence including “quality of interface” and “reversible actions.” The interaction effects between surgical knowledge either with culture difference or with VR experience were obvious. This study demonstrated the influences of cultural differences on the perception of immersion and usability. Integrating immersive technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality to human-centered design opens a brand new horizon for health care and similar professional training

Evaluation of Basic Laparoscopic Surgical Skills course programme for surgery residents- at a simulation lab in south India

Introduction : Patient safety is the important priority in surgical education. The new training models and curriculum are needed for maintaining safety and quality of surgical performance. An established laparoscopic surgical skill(LSS) grade 1 level 1 programme running for surgical residents is being already taken up in various european countries under the support of European Association of Endoscopic Surgeons. Aim : The aim of the paper is to evaluate the perception of surgery residents on LSS Grade 1 Level 1 course in South India. Material and methods : A total of 5 accredited LSS Grade I Level 1 courses were held in GSL SMART LAB between April 2013 and December 2016. The demographic data and pre-course surgical experience in laparoscopic surgery of the participants were recorded. After completion of 12 hrs practice on endotrainer and lap mentor combined, the participants attended two days of basic laparoscopic surgical skill programme with different modes of assessment/examination related to basic laparoscopic skills. The participants filled the course evaluation form to evaluate course progress, course materials, assessment, staff, course location and overall impression of the course on a 1-10 scale to evaluate feedback information. Results : 34 surgery residents were enrolled in an LSS Grade I Level 1 programme. The mean age of the participants was 28.294 years (SD = 3.51), the male/female ratio was 31/3 and previous experience with laparoscopic surgery was limited. Overall impression of the course was rated with 8.8 points (SD = 0.78). The applicability of the course content in practice and the balance between theory and hands-on training were also rated very well – mean 8.8 (SD = 1.01) and 8.1 points (SD = 0.80) respectively. Conclusions : The result of this study shows that the course is a well balanced training programme, meeting the expectations of individual surgery residents. Hence, the overall interest in the programme suggests that it might become the future Indian standard of surgical education in laparoscopic surgery. Success of the course may be drawn after the completion of clinical assessment of enrolled participants

A software-based tool for video motion tracking in the surgical skills assessment landscape

Contains fulltext : 191950.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

"Reflection-Before-Practice" Improves Self-Assessment and End-Performance in Laparoscopic Surgical Skills Training

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Current State of Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Surgical Skills

markdownabstract__Objective:__ The aim of this study is to understand the current state of training practices and evaluation in laparoscopic surgery in a global context. __Design:__ An open-ended three part questionnaire was designed to gather the opinions about the current state of, adequacy of, and the need for a standard in laparoscopic surgical training. __Participants:__ Members of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES), Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Surgeons of Asia (ELSA) and Association of Surgeons of India (ASI) were asked to participate in the survey. __Results:__ Of the 663 responses received, 83.6% were surgeons (64.6% in a teaching position) and 12.6% were surgical residents in training. Most respondents (75.4%) had performed over 200 laparoscopic procedures. Most (72.1%) training programs were approved/endorsed by local

Competency assessment tool for laparoscopic suturing: development and reliability evaluation

Contains fulltext : 221445.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access

Proficiency From Immersion: A Human-Centered Design in Cross-Cultural Surgical Training

Ensuring surgeons are well-trained in various skills is of paramount importance to patient safety. Surgical simulators were introduced to laparoscopy training during the last 2 decades for basic skills training. The main drawback of current simulation-based laparoscopy training is their lack of true representation of the intro-operative experience. To create a complete surgical surrounding, the required amount of resources is demanding. Moreover, organizing immersive training with surgical teams burdens daily clinical routines. High-end virtual reality (VR) headsets bring an opportunity to generate an immersive virtual OR with accessible and affordable expenses. Pilot studies reveal that personalization and localization are key needs of the virtual operating room (VOR). They are therefore key in this study. The focus of this study was to explore the effect of different human factors, such as domain knowledge, culture, and familiarity of VR technologies, on the perception of VOR experience. A human-centered design approach was applied to investigate the presence and usability of a VOR. Sixty-four surgical practitioners joined the study in the Netherlands and India. The surgeons were referred to as “experts” and surgical trainees as “novices.” The VOR system we used is composed of a laparoscopic simulator, a graphic virtual OR surrounding, and an Oculus Rift VR headset. Participants conducted the “complete Lapchol” task with the VOR. Afterward, four questionnaires were used to collect subjective ratings on presence and usability. Participant’s qualitative feedback was collected using a semi-structural interview as the final stage. Results showed the surgical knowledge only affected perceived mental demand when using a VOR. The cultural difference would alter the rating on the majority of items in these questionnaires. VR experience mainly affected the judgment on presence including “quality of interface” and “reversible actions.” The interaction effects between surgical knowledge either with culture difference or with VR experience were obvious. This study demonstrated the influences of cultural differences on the perception of immersion and usability. Integrating immersive technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality to human-centered design opens a brand new horizon for health care and similar professional training.Funding Information: ML doctoral research is sponsored by the China Scholarship Council (No. 201706280020). Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Li, Ganni, Albayrak, Rutkowski, van Eijk and Jakimowicz.Applied Ergonomics and Desig