Alcohol regulation, communication strategies and underage alcohol consumption in Spain: Implications for social marketing

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it examines the communication strategies pursued by firms related to alcohol beverages in Spain during a decade with major changes in alcohol marketing regulations. Second, it analyzes the relationship between these strategies and underage alcohol consumption before and after 2007. Design/methodology/approach. Panel data methodology is implemented using data from ESTUDES national survey (average sample size 26,000 interviews, 2004-2010) and INFOADEX (nationwide advertising expenditure, 1999-2013). Findings. The results show that, under a restrictive alcohol marketing framework, firms related to alcohol beverages adapt their communication strategies: budget deviation from advertising to sponsorship. Regarding alcohol quantity and frequency models, the relationship between alcohol advertising expenditure and underage alcohol consumption after 2007 is very small but still positive and significant. However, contrary to expectations, in the case of alcohol sponsorship, the relationship between expenditure and underage alcohol consumption has not been affected by the observed budget deviation from advertising to sponsorship after 2007. Research limitations/implications. Changes in alcohol advertising and sponsorship regulation lead firms related to alcohol beverages to change their communication strategies to overcome new regulatory restrictions and to reach their target group. Overall, despite the relationships between both advertising and sponsorship expenditure and underage alcohol consumption diminish between periods, they still remain positive and significant. Closer and updated monitoring of alcohol communication strategies pursued by firm is needed to keep controlling the alcohol advertising and sponsorship exposure to under age people. Originality/value. This is a pioneer study in analyzing communication strategies within the Spanish alcohol beverages sector and in proposing a model to analyze the dynamic effect of such strategies on underage alcohol consumption

Barriers and Motivators of Household Water-Conservation Behavior: A Bibliometric and Systematic Literature Review

Water scarcity, aggravated by growing demands, represents a significant challenge for humanity. Promoting household sustainable water-consumption behaviors has become vital. The Community-Based Social Marketing (CBSM) framework stands out among many strategies to promote water conservation. However, many interventions in this domain often neglect significant theoretical insights, leading to gaps in addressing key social and contextual drivers of behavior. This study conducts a systematic and bibliometric literature review aimed at identifying determinants underlying household water-conservation behaviors. This review encompasses 155 papers published from 1984 to early 2023. Our findings show that this is a highly multidisciplinary field of study with a marked increase in research attention discerned post-2010, particularly from water-stressed regions. Furthermore, our findings also reveal an often-overlooked integration of guiding theories and an over-reliance on self-reported measures in prior research. Factors such as attitude, perceived efficacy, emotions, and habits emerge as pivotal in understanding water conservation. However, while attitudes have been extensively analyzed in previous research, the other factors deserve greater attention from researchers. Inconsistencies in demographic predictors further hint at potential moderating roles. This paper offers valuable insights for designing effective household water-conservation interventions through a social marketing lens.This research was funded by Generalitat Valenciana (Emerging Project GV2022 number: CIGE/2022/051), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) doctoral research scholarship, and Universidad Católica de Córdoba (Argentina)

The effect of collective brand on advertising productivity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the advertising productivity of a collective brand strategy vs a non-collective brand strategy, as well as the moderating role of company characteristics (age of the company, individual brand reputation and degree of competition that the company faces). The main hypothesis is that a collective brand has a positive influence on the advertising productivity of its member companies, as it is a collective reputation indicator in experience goods. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on the application of regression models with panel data of companies in a Spanish experience goods industry between 2004 and 2012. The empirical analysis is made in the Spanish winery sector, given the proliferation in the wine market of public collective brands (i.e. protected designation of origin labels). Findings – The results show that a company associated with a collective brand has greater advertising productivity than a non-associated company. Advertising productivity is also higher for brands with better individual reputations associated with a collective brand. Moreover, the relative effect of a collective brand on advertising productivity is higher when the company competes in a market with a higher level of competition. Originality/value – The literature has paid little attention to the relationship between collective brand strategy and the advertising productivity of member companies. This study considers that the advertising productivity of companies in collective brands could be explained by the effects derived from the collective brand reputation

Environmental Sustainability at Destination Level: The Role of Tourist Citizenship Behavior

Tourist citizenship behavior (TCB) has become a key part of tourist destination management. This study explores how TCB can help tourist destination sustainability. A model is proposed to analyze the relationship between TCB and tourist environmentally responsible behavior. The study also examines which factors are part of this process. Specifically, the influence of the perceived sustainability of a destination on TCB is analyzed, with mediation by destination identification (DI) and perceived value (DPV). According to our findings, perceived sustainability is positively associated with DI and DPV. These two variables are associated with greater TCB. TCB is positively related to environmentally responsible behavior. Accordingly, TCB could encourage tourists to care for the environment by acting as if they were more than just tourists. Implications for destination management organizations are provided to improve destination sustainability and promote both TCB and environmentally responsible behavior among tourists.This study was partially financially supported by the Emerging Project grant of the Generalitat Valenciana, Emerging Project GV2022 [CIGE/2022/51], by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University under Grant [PID2022-141694NB-I00], and by the Research Support Plan, Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad de Chile

Understanding tourist citizenship behavior at the destination level

Tourist citizenship behavior (TCB) is crucial for tourist destination management because of the benefits it provides to destinations. Despite the importance of this discretionary and altruistic behavior, however, scant research has analyzed TCB at the destination level. The present study addresses this gap. It examines the relationships between destination identification, perceived value, and TCB. It also explores the relationship between TCB and willingness to sacrifice to visit a destination. Data on a sample of 629 tourists (aged 18 years or older) were collected to test the proposed hypotheses using structural equation modeling. TCB is a reflective second-order construct (dimensions: recommendation, helping, and feedback). The results show that both destination identification and perceived value are positively related to TCB, which positively affects willingness to sacrifice. Thus, the findings provide evidence that both destination identification and perceived value are important factors in understanding tourists’ citizenship behavior in destinations. Furthermore, the study shows that tourists who are willing to help others by giving feedback and recommending a certain destination (i.e., performing TCB) are also willing to make additional sacrifices to travel to that destination. The theoretical and practical implications for researchers and tourism managers at the destination level are discussed.This research was funded by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University (RTI2018-099467-B-I00) and Research Support Plan, Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad de Chile (Res. Ex. 270.19; July 07, 2019)

Competition in the Spanish domestic airline sector: Market deregulation, switching costs and route cost behaviour

This study examines the relationship between switching costs and cost reaction, at the route-level, of the established airlines to entry in Spanish domestic markets, taking into account the entrant profile and airport capacity restrictions. It includes information of 193 Spanish domestic routes in which incumbents react to entrants; where operating costs, for each airline in each one of these routes during 10 years. The balanced panel used is constructed by setting up a multiple-source database based on accounting and industrial engineering procedures. The results show the moderating role of entrants profile and regulatory constraints on the relationship between incumbent's switching costs and its route cost response against those entrants. They also reveal the importance of policy measures aimed at reduction of market power and consumer protection in the airline industry, in which switching costs are artificially-created at the company's discretion and where operating costs at the route-level need to be evaluated together with the various service elements. This study is complements current literature related to incumbent cost reaction to market entry in the airline industry because it analyzes the specific reaction that an established carrier performs at the route level. Moreover, it analyzes the whole set of routes in the Spanish domestic market rather than a selected one like most of previous studies. It also, explicitly analyzes the effect of three measures of switching costs that can influence such incumbent reaction to market entry

Predictors of willingness to pay a price premium for hotels’ water-saving initiatives

This study examines customers’ willingness to pay a premium to support hotels’ water-saving initiatives and the effect of different explanatory variables: attitude toward water conservation, water problem awareness, willingness to sacrifice, reported water-saving behavior, and frugality. A Heckit model is applied to a sample of 681 tourists. Results show that 44.3% of tourists would pay a premium to stay in a hotel that had installed water-saving devices in rooms. The average price premium they would pay is 4.29 euros. These findings help hotel managers identify tourists who could contribute to reducing the costs of going green.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under research project INTETUR (RTI2018-099467-B-I00) and Emerging Project grant of the University of Alicante (GRE17-15)

A quantitative analysis of factors related to adolescent cybervictimization in Spain: A multilevel logistic regression approach

Building on ecological systems theory, this study seeks to explain cybervictimization as the result of interactions among microsystems (parents and close friends), mesosystems (the school environment), and potential vulnerability factors of adolescents. Internet addiction is proposed as a key risk factor that increases adolescents’ likelihood of suffering cyberbullying. A multilevel logistic regression is performed using data from a nationally representative sample of school students in Spain aged 14 to 18 years (n = 35,369). The survey was carried out by the Spanish Government’s Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs. Results show that high levels of Internet addiction and a lack of support from family and friends increase the probability of suffering cyberbullying. The association between being cyberbullied and Internet addiction is stronger when students lack support from family and friends. School factors such as academic grades and repetition as well as vulnerability factors such as parents’ employment and immigrant status are also associated with higher cybervictimization levels. Implications for policymakers and public health managers are highlighted

Análisis competitivo mediante grupos estratégicos: aplicación al sector asegurador español, 2000-2005

The main goal of this paper is to increase the knowledge of the behavior of strategic groups through time. Given that, the dynamic evolution of a sample of Spanish insurance institutions during the 2000-2005 period has been analyzed. This paper concretely studies: the methodology of identification of generic strategies within the sector, the application of a two-step process for identifying strategic groups and the temporal evolution of strategies and groups. The results of this research indicate that the temporal analysis of both strategies and groups increases the knowledge of the strategic behavior of a sector.El objetivo principal de este trabajo es profundizar en el conocimiento del comportamiento de los grupos estratégicos a lo largo del tiempo. Así, se ha analizado la evolución dinámica de una muestra de entidades aseguradoras españolas durante el quinquenio comprendido entre 2000 y 2005. En concreto se estudia: la metodología de identificación de las estrategias genéricas, la aplicación de un proceso bietápico para la formación de los grupos estratégicos y la evolución temporal tanto de las estrategias como de los grupos. Los resultados del mismo indican que el análisis de la evolución temporal de ambas entidades mejora el conocimiento del comportamiento estratégico de un sector

The importance of corporate social responsibility in sports centers

La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) ocupa un lugar cada vez más importante en la gestión de las organizaciones. Diversos factores han propiciado que este concepto cada vez sea más conocido y valorado por la ciudadanía, que les permite identificar aquellas organizaciones socialmente responsables, siendo éste un elemento clave a la hora de demandar sus productos y servicios. La gran relevancia de la RSC en la actualidad ha propiciado que las organizaciones deban adaptarse rápidamente a este nuevo escenario para poder continuar en el mercado. El sector de las instalaciones y centros deportivos no es ajeno a esta revolución que ha supuesto la irrupción de la responsabilidad social, siendo además un sector donde la aplicabilidad de políticas y acciones socialmente responsables es coherente con la propia esencia del servicio prestado en ellas, además de permitir obtener rendimientos positivos en los tres ejes sobre los que pivota la responsabilidad social: el económico, el social y el medioambiental. En este sentido, se plantea un trabajo de reflexión sobre el papel que la RSC puede jugar en el futuro del sector de los centros deportivos, así como la justificación de los principales motivos por los cuales debería ser implementada en este tipo de centros. A su vez, se subraya la necesidad de llevar a cabo investigaciones académicas que analicen el impacto de la RSC en este sector en el futuro.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) occupies an increasingly important place in the management of organizations. Several factors have made this concept increasingly known and appreciated by citizens, which allows them to identify those socially responsible organizations, being a key element when people demand their products and services. The important relevance of the CSR has forced to adapt quickly to this new scenario in order to continue in the market. The sector of sports centres and facilities is no stranger to this revolution that implies the irruption of social responsibility, being also a sector where the applicability of socially responsible policies and actions is consistent with the essence of service provided by them, apart from achieving positive returns in the dimensions of social responsibility: economic, social and environmental dimensions. Therefore, we propose a reflection around the role that CSR can play in the future of the sports centres, and we try to justify the main reasons why CSR should be implemented in these centres. Finally, we highlight the need to carry out future research to analyse the impact of CSR in this sector