Evaluación de las fallas estructurales del pavimento flexible de la avenida centenario en el distrito de Santa Maria-2021

Esta investigación aspira evaluar los defectos estructurales de la carpeta asfaltada de la Av. Centenario, en la jurisdicción de Santa María, conociendo la situación de su conservación a través del método (PCI). La estrategia metodológica el cual se plasmará en el trabajo es descriptivo no experimental; además se empleó para la recogida de datos el método de la observación y se utilizó una hoja, con la finalidad de registrar datos de campo. Con el objetivo de procesar el reporte que se reunió durante la evaluación ocular se utilizó Excel y EvalPav. El primero mencionado captura y procesa la información sobre los fallos de la inspección visual, así como resumir resultados a partir de la creación de gráficos estadísticos. El segundo permitía calcular el ICP y exportar los resúmenes de los resultados. El PCI se calculó con el fin de evaluar el hormigón asfaltado en la Av. Centenario, en la zona de Santa María, utilizando 11 unidades de muestreo y los métodos de muestreo adecuados. Se identificaron cinco de los 19 fallos establecidos en la guía del PCI, incluyendo agrietamiento de bloques, grietas longitudinales, parches y vacíos, lo que indica el deterioro del pavimento. Se concluyó lo siguiente de la muestra, tiene un PCI de 34 y estado muy pobre de 9.09%, estado pobre 81.81% y en un estado regular el 9.09%, lo cual, según la clasificación del (PCI) lo define como un pavimento pobre. A partir de los antecedentes recolectados, lograremos interpretar que el enfoque del PCI es fiable y preciso a la hora de evaluar la capa superficial de asfalto

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially