20 research outputs found
Concentration and production of bacteria and bacterial destruction in the photic layer of the Sodruzhestvo Sea area, Southern Ocean
Bacterioplankton in the photic layer of the Sodruzhestvo Sea area and adjoining waters consists in summer primarily of cocci, with fractions smaller than 2 ?m predominating. The average abundance and biomass of microorganisms are 427 thousand cells/ml and 438 mg C/m**2, with ranges of 150-1770 thousand cells/ml and 221-1146 mg C/m**2. The average daily production and bacterial destruction increase from 49 and 104 mg C/m**2 at the beginning of the growth period to 85 and 180 mg C/m**2 in the middle of the period and remain at this level till the end. Despite low rate of increase (daily P/B coefficient averages 0.12), because of its high abundance bacterioplankton in Antarctic waters plays a major role in destruction of organic matter, accounting for 60-85% of energy consumed by heterotrophs
Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π³Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎ- ΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½, Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΎ-Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±. ΠΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.The long-term environmental monitoring has provided the insight into the integral structure of marine ecosystem in a poorly investigated coastal area in the vicinity of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station. The structure and function of the local biota are the specific response of environmentally different involved elements to a series of limiting factors. Very short Antarctic vegetation season, the intensive coastal and deep-sea water exchange and environmental pollution add to unbalanced food relations of Antarctic plankton. As a result, despite abundant phyto- and bacterioplankton the fraction of mesozooplankton is underdeveloped and a large portion of primary matter sinks onto the sea floor thereby stimulating intensive growth of bottom organisms. Mass phyto- and zoobenthos and macroplankton species and fishes accumulate toxic heavy metals. The pollution inhibits normal reproduction of krill, the population recruitment of which is now owing to krill aggregations brought from other areas by sea currents. Krill recruitment rate and the local abundance maximums are the determining food conditions for natural consumers of the krill
Coastal Ecosystem Contamination by Heavy Metals as an Indicator of Climate Change in Antarctica
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ
ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊ Π² 1992 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ (Π£ΠΊΡΠΠ¦ΠΠ, ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ°) Π² ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ, Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡ 9 Π΄ΠΎ 2195 ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΠΠ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΠ, ΠΠΠ’ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ₯Π¦Π. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ.In 1992 the Ukrainian Research Centre of Marine Ecology (UkrRCME) organized several marine expeditions to the northern Black Sea; materials collected during three complex seasonal surveys are used in this work. It was revealed the main pollutants that make the impotent contribute to the integral level of contamination of the sea. At depths ranged from 9 to 2195 m pollutants deposited in the sea bed were mainly total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), DDT and its metabolites, and HCCH, the quantities of which were greater than maximum allowable concentrations (MAC). This fact should be considered when choosing a strategy of toxicological monitoring of the Black Sea for the purpose to optimize it
State of the Marine Ecosystem Near the Mouth of the Agoy River (Black Sea)
Aim. To study the state of the marine ecosystem of the recreationalβtourist zone of the Caucasian sector of the Black Sea through the example of a beach near the mouth of the Agoy River.Material and Methods. Phytoplankton, heterotrophic bacterioplankton, infusoria, holoplankton, meroplankton, ichthyoplankton, zoobenthos of loose bottom sediments and hydrochemistry samples of the water and bottom sediments were collected in June 2012 on three sections from the mouth of the Agoy River to the coastal runoff zone (depths 2.5β7.5 m). The identification of species of plankton and of the zoobenthos and of the chemical parameters of water and sediments was carried out according to standard methods.Β Results. It was revealed that most of the beach area, where psammophilic biocenoses of Lucinella divaricate and Chamelea gallina (Bivalvia) were located, was in satisfactory condition. An increase in the density of Lucinella divaricate, a rare species in the late 1990s, was noted. In the runoff zone, there was observed the appearance of cyanobacteria and the suppression of zoobenthos, expressed through the replacement of mollusc biocenoses by the biocenosis of the polychaete, Capitella capitate, with a biomass two orders of magnitude lower than the average for the area. High numbers of heterotrophic bacterioplankton (4.5 million cell/ml) and infusoria (64 million ind./m3) could indicate bacterial contamination of this zone. The negative impact of waste water on plankton is manifested in a decrease in the population of netted zooplankton, their abnormal development, and the increasing role of microheterotrophs.Conclusions. The results obtained give an image of the state of marine coastal ecosystems of recreationalβtourist and cordoned areas of the Caucasus and can be useful for the further monitoring of this region
Distribution and Demography of Antarctic Krill and Salps in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean during Austral Summer 2021β2022
The study aimed to investigate krill (Euphausia superba) and salp (Salpa thompsoni) populations in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in January and February 2022. Samples were obtained to measure the abundance, biomass and distribution patterns of krill and salp. Sex differences and feeding habits of the Antarctic krill were determined. The dependence of the physiological state of the studied aquatic organisms on changes in environmental parameters was analyzed. Current data on the association of the dynamics of hydrometeorological parameters and processes with the distribution of chlorophyll a, krill, and salp were obtained. It was established that, at numerous stations, the biomass of salps prevailed over krill. The result indicates the replacement of the Antarctic krill populations by gelatinous zooplankton. The obtained results allow assessment of the biological resource potential in the studied region based on the analysis of the samples collected
Current Assessment of Water Quality and Biota Characteristics of the Pelagic Ecosystem of the Atlantic Sector of Antarctica: The Multidisciplinary Studies by the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas
Comprehensive studies of the ecosystem of the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic were carried out in the period between 2020 and 2022, during the 79th and 87th sea expeditions on the R/V “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh”. Concentrations of soluble forms of 15 trace elements, except Mo, in surface waters of the Southern Ocean were matched the lower limit of their background concentrations in oceanic waters. A high spatial variability of chlorophyll a—an indicator of phytoplankton biomass, which is the main food object of the Antarctic krill—was revealed. In the Bransfield Strait, the abundance of bacterioplankton exhibited a weak relationship with water temperature and a pronounced dependence on chlorophyll fluorescence. It was determined, by using the bioluminescence method, that the largest concentrations of larvae and juveniles of krill were noted in the Bransfield Strait, on the shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula. Against the background of a decline in krill abundance in recent years, there has been an intensive development of Salpa thompsoni, the main food competitor of krill. New data on the distribution of mesoparasitic copepods on endemic fish of the Southern Ocean were also obtained, and their pathogenic effect on the body of fish hosts has been revealed