MOBILITAS SIRKULER DI DESA SEA SATU KECAMATAN PINELENG KABUPATEN MINAHASA

This study aims to determine the circular mobility that occurs in the Sea Satu Village, Pineleng Sub-district of Minahasa Regency, based on several aspects. The data needed to answer for the objectives is primary data and secondary data. Data were collected from direct interviews with respondents, as well as other data taken directly at the Village Head Office. The data were analyzed descriptively and described based on aspects related to circular mobility in this Sea Satu Village. The characteristics of circular mobility practitioners in Desa Sea Satu Village are due to aspects of age, gender, number of family members, education level, occupation type (TNI/POLRI), civil servant, private employee, entrepreneur, Honorer, Craftman, Driver and Ojek) , the number of dependents. The incentive factors are the types of transportation, mileage, and the towing factors are the status of home ownership, and the cost of living.*jnkd*

Ultrahigh finesse Fabry-Perot superconducting resonator

We have built a microwave Fabry-Perot resonator made of diamond-machined copper mirrors coated with superconducting niobium. Its damping time (Tc = 130 ms at 51 GHz and 0.8 K) corresponds to a finesse of 4.6 x 109, the highest ever reached for a Fabry-Perot in any frequency range. This result opens novel perspectives for quantum information, decoherence and non-locality studies

Evidence against Wolbachia symbiosis in Loa loa

BACKGROUND: The majority of filarial nematode species are host to Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts, although a few including Acanthocheilonema viteae, Onchocerca flexuosa and Setaria equina have been shown to be free of infection. Comparisons of species with and without symbionts can provide important information on the role of Wolbachia symbiosis in the biology of the nematode hosts and the contribution of the bacteria to the development of disease. Previous studies by electron microscopy and PCR have failed to detect intracellular bacterial infection in Loa loa. Here we use molecular and immunohistological techniques to confirm this finding. METHODS: We have used a combination of PCR amplification of bacterial genes (16S ribosomal DNA [rDNA], ftsZ and Wolbachia surface protein [WSP]) on samples of L. loa adults, third-stage larvae (L3) and microfilariae (mf) and immunohistology on L. loa adults and mf derived from human volunteers to determine the presence or absence of Wolbachia endosymbionts. Samples used in the PCR analysis included 5 adult female worms, 4 adult male worms, 5 mf samples and 2 samples of L3. The quality and purity of nematode DNA was tested by PCR amplification of nematode 5S rDNA and with diagnostic primers from the target species and used to confirm the absence of contamination from Onchocerca sp., Mansonella perstans, M. streptocerca and Wuchereria bancrofti. Immunohistology was carried out by light and electron microscopy on L. loa adults and mf and sections were probed with rabbit antibodies raised to recombinant Brugia malayi Wolbachia WSP. Samples from nematodes known to be infected with Wolbachia (O. volvulus, O. ochengi, Litomosoides sigmodontis and B. malayi) were used as positive controls and A. viteae as a negative control. RESULTS: Single PCR analysis using primer sets for the bacterial genes 16S rDNA, ftsZ, and WSP were negative for all DNA samples from L. loa. Positive PCR reactions were obtained from DNA samples derived from species known to be infected with Wolbachia, which confirmed the suitability of the primers and PCR conditions. The quality and purity of nematode DNA samples was verified by PCR amplification of 5S rDNA and with nematode diagnostic primers. Additional analysis by 'long PCR' failed to produce any further evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis. Immunohistology of L. loa adults and mf confirmed the results of the PCR with no evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis. CONCLUSION: DNA analysis and immunohistology provided no evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in L. loa

2FGL J0846.0+2820: A new neutron star binary with a giant secondary and variable γ\gamma-ray emission

We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the likely stellar counterpart to the unassociated \emph{Fermi}-Large Area Telescope (LAT) $\gamma$-ray source 2FGL J0846.0+2820, selected for study based on positional coincidences of optical variables with unassociated LAT sources. Using optical spectroscopy from the SOAR telescope, we have identified a late-G giant in an eccentric ($e$ = 0.06) 8.133 day orbit with an invisible primary. Modeling the spectroscopy and photometry together lead us to infer a heavy neutron star primary of $\sim 2 M_{\odot}$ and a partially stripped giant secondary of $\sim 0.8 M_{\odot}$. H$\alpha$ emission is observed in some of the spectra, perhaps consistent with the presence of a faint accretion disk. We find the $\gamma$-ray flux of 2FGL J0846.0+2820 dropped substantially in mid-2009, accompanied by an increased variation in the optical brightness, and since then it has not been detected by \emph{Fermi}. The long period and giant secondary are reminiscent of the $\gamma$-ray bright binary 1FGL J1417.7--4407, which hosts a millisecond pulsar apparently in the final stages of the pulsar recycling process. The discovery of 2FGL J0846.0+2820 suggests the identification of a new subclass of millisecond pulsar binaries that are the likely progenitors of typical field millisecond pulsars.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Ap

Influence de la morphologie tridimensionnelle sur le comportement mécanique de réfractaires électrofondus

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Osteoconductive protamine-based polyelectrolyte multilayer functionalized surfaces

The integration of orthopedic implants with host bone presents a major challenge in joint arthroplasty, spinal fusion and tumor reconstruction. The cellular microenvironment can be programmed via implant surface functionalization allowing direct modulation of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation at the implant–bone interface. The development of layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) architectures has greatly expanded our ability to fabricate intricate nanometer to micron scale thin film coatings that conform to complex implant geometries. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of thin PEM implant coatings for numerous biomedical applications has previously been reported. We have fabricated protamine-based PEM thin films that support the long-term proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblast cells on non-cross-linked film-coated surfaces. These hydrophilic PEM functionalized surfaces with nanometer-scale roughness facilitated increased deposition of calcified matrix by osteoblasts in vitro, and thus offer the potential to enhance implant integration with host bone. The coatings can make an immediate impact in the osteogenic culture of stem cells and assessment of the osteogenic potential of new therapeutic factors.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (National Institute on Aging Grant 5R01AG029601)National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowshi

Impact of carbon nanotube length on electron transport in aligned carbon nanotube networks

Here, we quantify the electron transport properties of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) networks as a function of the CNT length, where the electrical conductivities may be tuned by up to 10× with anisotropies exceeding 40%. Testing at elevated temperatures demonstrates that the aligned CNT networks have a negative temperature coefficient of resistance, and application of the fluctuation induced tunneling model leads to an activation energy of ≈14 meV for electron tunneling at the CNT-CNT junctions. Since the tunneling activation energy is shown to be independent of both CNT length and orientation, the variation in electron transport is attributed to the number of CNT-CNT junctions an electron must tunnel through during its percolated path, which is proportional to the morphology of the aligned CNT network.United States. Army Research Office (contract W911NF-07-D-0004)United States. Army Research Office (contract W911NF-13-D-0001)United States. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFRL/RX contract FA8650-11-D-5800, Task Order 0003)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Award No. ECS-0335765)United States. Dept. of Defense (National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship

Effectiveness of insecticide-treated bednets in malaria prevention in Haiti: a case-control study

Background Insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) are eff ective in preventing malaria where vectors primarily bite indoors and late at night, but their eff ectiveness is uncertain where vectors bite outdoors and earlier in the evening. We studied the eff ectiveness of ITNs following a mass distribution in Haiti from May to September, 2012, where the Anopheles albimanus vector bites primarily outdoors and often when people are awake. Methods In this case-control study, we enrolled febrile patients presenting to outpatient departments at 17 health facilities throughout Haiti from Sept 4, 2012, to Feb 27, 2014, who were tested with malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and administered questionnaires on ITN use and other risk factors. Cases were defi ned by positive RDT and controls were febrile patients from the same clinic with a negative RDT. Our primary analysis retrospectively matched cases and controls by age, sex, location, and date, and used conditional logistic regression on the matched sample. A sensitivity analysis used propensity scores to match patients on ITN use propensity and analyse malaria among ITN users and non-users. Additional ITN bioeffi cacy and entomological data were collected. Findings We enrolled 9317 patients, including 378 (4%) RDT-positive cases. 1202 (13%) patients reported ITN use. Post-hoc matching of cases and controls yielded 362 cases and 1201 matched controls, 19% (333) of whom reported consistent campaign net use. After using propensity scores to match on consistent campaign ITN use, 2298 patients, including 138 (7%) RDT-positive cases, were included: 1149 consistent campaign ITN users and 1149 non-consistent campaign ITN users. Both analyses revealed that ITNs did not signifi cantly protect against clinical malaria (odds ratio [OR]=0·95, 95% CI 0·68–1·32, p=0·745 for case-control analysis; OR=0·95, 95% CI 0·45–1·97, p=0·884 for propensity score analysis). ITN and entomological data indicated good ITN physical integrity and bioeffi cacy, and no permethrin resistance among local mosquitoes. Interpretation We found no evidence that mass ITN campaigns reduce clinical malaria in this observational study in Haiti; alternative malaria control strategies should be prioritised

The effectiveness of the controlled release of gentamicin from polyelectrolyte multilayers in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection in a rabbit bone model

While the infection rate of orthopedic implants is low, the required treatment, which can involve six weeks of antibiotic therapy and two additional surgical operations, is life threatening and expensive, and thus motivates the development of a one-stage re-implantation procedure. Polyelectrolyte multilayers incorporating gentamicin were fabricated using the layer-by-layer deposition process for use as a device coating to address an existing bone infection in a direct implant exchange operation. The films eluted about 70% of their payload in vitro during the first three days and subsequently continued to release drug for more than four additional weeks, reaching a total average release of over 550 μg/cm[superscript 2]. The coatings were demonstrated to be bactericidal against Staphylococcus aureus, and degradation products were generally nontoxic towards MC3T3-E1 murine preosteoblasts. Film-coated titanium implants were compared to uncoated implants in an in vivo S. aureus bone infection model. After a direct exchange procedure, the antimicrobial-coated devices yielded bone homogenates with a significantly lower degree of infection than uncoated devices at both day four (p < 0.004) and day seven (p < 0.03). This study has demonstrated that a self-assembled ultrathin film coating is capable of effectively treating an experimental bone infection in vivo and lays the foundation for development of a multi-therapeutic film for optimized, synergistic treatment of pain, infection, and osteomyelitis.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (National Institute on Aging Grant 5R01AG029601-03

Volatile Anesthetic and Outcome in Acute Trauma Care: Planned Secondary Analysis of the PROPPR Study

BACKGROUND: This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the PROPPR study describes volatile anesthetic use in severely injured trauma patients undergoing anesthesia. METHODS: After exclusions, 402 subjects were reviewed of the original 680, and 292 had complete data available for analysis. Anesthesia was not protocolized, so analysis was of contemporary practice. RESULTS: The small group who received no volatile anesthetic (n = 25) had greater injury burden (Glasgow Coma Scale CONCLUSION: In this acutely injured trauma population, choice of volatile anesthetic did not appear to influence short-term mortality and morbidity. Subjects who received no volatile were more severely injured with greater mortality, representing hemodynamic compromise where volatile agent was limited until stable. As anesthetic was not protocolized, these findings that choice of specific volatile was not associated with short-term survival require prospective, randomized evaluation