35 research outputs found
Reversing the âriskâtreatment paradoxâ of bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Riskâconcordant use of bleeding avoidance strategies is associated with reduced bleeding and lower costs
Novel patient-centered approach to facilitate same-day discharge in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Background
Sameâday discharge (
SDD
) after elective percutaneous coronary intervention is safe, less costly, and preferred by patients, but it is usually performed in lowârisk patients, if at all. To increase the appropriate use of
SDD
in more complex patients, we implemented a âpatientâcenteredâ protocol based on risk of complications at BarnesâJewish Hospital.
Methods and Results
Our objectives were as follows: (1) to evaluate time trends in
SDD
; (2) to compare (a) mortality, bleeding, and acute kidney injury, (b) patient satisfaction, and (c) hospital costs by
SDD
versus no SDD (
NSDD
); and (3) to compare
SDD
eligibility by our patientâcentered approach versus Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions guidelines. Our patientâcentered approach was based on prospectively identifying personalized bleeding, mortality, and acute kidney injury risks, with a personalized safe contrast limit and mitigating those risks. We analyzed BarnesâJewish Hospital's National Cardiovascular Data Registry Cath
PCI
Registry data from July 1, 2009 to September 30, 2015 (N=1752).
SDD
increased rapidly from 0% to 77% (
P
<0.001), independent of radial access. Although
SDD
patients were comparable to
NSDD
patients,
SDD
was not associated with adverse outcomes (0% mortality, 0% bleeds, and 0.4% acute kidney injury). Patient satisfaction was high with
SDD
. Propensity scoreâadjusted costs were 7331 lower/
SDD
patient (
P
<0.001), saving an estimated 1.8Â million annually. Only 16 patients (6.95%) met the eligibility for
SDD
by Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions guidelines, implying our patientâcentered approach markedly increased
SDD
eligibility.
Conclusions
With a patientâcentered approach,
SDD
rapidly increased and was safe in 75% of patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention, despite patient complexity. Patient satisfaction was high, and hospital costs were lower. Patientâcentered decision making to facilitate
SDD
is an important opportunity to improve the value of percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Photosynthesis in C3-C4 intermediate Moricandia species.
Evolution of C4 photosynthesis is not distributed evenly in the plant kingdom. Particularly interesting is the situation in the Brassicaceae, because the family contains no C4 species, but several C3-C4 intermediates, mainly in the genus Moricandia Investigation of leaf anatomy, gas exchange parameters, the metabolome, and the transcriptome of two C3-C4 intermediate Moricandia species, M. arvensis and M. suffruticosa, and their close C3 relative M. moricandioides enabled us to unravel the specific C3-C4 characteristics in these Moricandia lines. Reduced CO2 compensation points in these lines were accompanied by anatomical adjustments, such as centripetal concentration of organelles in the bundle sheath, and metabolic adjustments, such as the balancing of C and N metabolism between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells by multiple pathways. Evolution from C3 to C3-C4 intermediacy was probably facilitated first by loss of one copy of the glycine decarboxylase P-protein, followed by dominant activity of a bundle sheath-specific element in its promoter. In contrast to recent models, installation of the C3-C4 pathway was not accompanied by enhanced activity of the C4 cycle. Our results indicate that metabolic limitations connected to N metabolism or anatomical limitations connected to vein density could have constrained evolution of C4 in Moricandia
Transcriptional response of the extremophile red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae to changes in CO2 concentrations
Rademacher N, Wrobel TJ, Rossoni AW, et al. Transcriptional response of the extremophile red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae to changes in CO2 concentrations. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2017;217:49-56.Cyanidioschyzon merolae (C. merolae) is an acidophilic red alga growing in a naturally low carbon dioxide (CO2) environment. Although it uses a ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase with high affinity for CO2, the survival of C. merolae relies on functional photorespiratory metabolism. In this study, we quantified the transcriptomic response of C. merolae to changes in CO2 conditions. We found distinct changes upon shifts between CO2 conditions, such as a concerted up-regulation of photorespiratory genes and responses to carbon starvation. We used the transcriptome data set to explore a hypothetical CO2 concentrating mechanism in C. merolae, based on the assumption that photorespiratory genes and possible candidate genes involved in a CO2 concentrating mechanism are co-expressed. A putative bicarbonate transport protein and two a-carbonic anhydrases were identified, which showed enhanced transcript levels under reduced CO2 conditions. Genes encoding enzymes of a PEPCK-type C-4 pathway were co-regulated with the photorespiratory gene cluster. We propose a model of a hypothetical low CO2 compensation mechanism in C. merolae integrating these low CO2-inducible components
The Brief Solastalgia Scale: A Psychometric Evaluation and Revision
Witnessing degradation and loss to oneâs home environment can cause the negative emotional experience of solastalgia. We review the psychometric properties of the 9-item Solastalgia subscale from the Environmental Distress Scale (Higginbotham et al. (EcoHealth 3:245â254, 2006)). Using data collected from three large, independent, adult samples (Nâ=â4229), who were surveyed soon after the 2019/20 Australian bushfires, factor analyses confirmed the scaleâs unidimensionality, while analyses derived from Item Response Theory highlighted the poor psychometric performance and redundant content of specific items. Consequently, we recommend a short-form scale consisting of five items. This Brief Solastalgia Scale (BSS) yielded excellent model fit and internal consistency in both the initial and cross-validation samples. The BSS and its parent version provide very similar patterns of associations with demographic, health, life satisfaction, climate emotion, and nature connectedness variables. Finally, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated comparable construct architecture (i.e. configural, metric, and scalar invariance) across validation samples, gender categories, and age. As individuals and communities increasingly confront and cope with climate change and its consequences, understanding related emotional impacts is crucial. The BSS promises to aid researchers, decision makers, and practitioners to understand and support those affected by negative environmental change
Abnormal Glycosphingolipid Mannosylation Triggers Salicylic AcidâMediated Responses in Arabidopsis
Azolla domestication towards a biobased economy?
Brouwer P, BrĂ€utigam A, KĂŒlahoglu C, et al. Azolla domestication towards a biobased economy? New Phytologist. 2014;202(3):1069-1082.Due to its phenomenal growth requiring neither nitrogen fertilizer nor arable land and its biomass composition, the mosquito fern Azolla is a candidate crop to yield food, fuels and chemicals sustainably. To advance Azolla domestication, we research its dissemination, storage and transcriptome. Methods for dissemination, cross-fertilization and cryopreservation of the symbiosis Azolla filiculoides-Nostoc azollae are tested based on the fern spores. To study molecular processes in Azolla including spore induction, a database of 37649 unigenes from RNAseq of microsporocarps, megasporocarps and sporophytes was assembled, then validated. Spores obtained year-round germinated in vitro within 26d. In vitro fertilization rates reached 25%. Cryopreservation permitted storage for at least 7months. The unigene database entirely covered central metabolism and to a large degree covered cellular processes and regulatory networks. Analysis of genes engaged in transition to sexual reproduction revealed a FLOWERING LOCUS T-like protein in ferns with special features induced in sporulating Azolla fronds. Although domestication of a fern-cyanobacteria symbiosis may seem a daunting task, we conclude that the time is ripe and that results generated will serve to more widely access biochemicals in fern biomass for a biobased economy
GATA Transcription Factor Required for Immunity to Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens
In the past decade, Caenorhabditis elegans has been used to dissect several genetic pathways involved in immunity; however, little is known about transcription factors that regulate the expression of immune effectors. C. elegans does not appear to have a functional homolog of the key immune transcription factor NF-ÎșB. Here we show that that the intestinal GATA transcription factor ELT-2 is required for both immunity to Salmonella enterica and expression of a C-type lectin gene, clec-67, which is expressed in the intestinal cells and is a good marker of S. enterica infection. We also found that ELT-2 is required for immunity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Lack of immune inhibition by DAF-2, which negatively regulates the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16, rescues the hypersusceptibility to pathogens phenotype of elt-2(RNAi) animals. Our results indicate that ELT-2 is part of a multi-pathogen defense pathway that regulates innate immunity independently of the DAF-2/DAF-16 signaling pathway
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Correction to: A nonsynonymous mutation in PLCG2 reduces the risk of Alzheimerâs disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia, and increases the likelihood of longevity
The IPDGC (The International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium) and EADB (Alzheimer Disease European DNA biobank) are listed correctly as an author to the article, however, they were incorrectly listed more than once