Experimental Study on Autogenous TIG Welding of Mild Steel Material Using Lathe Machine

Tungsten Inert Gas welding (TIG) is additionally called Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), is a kind of advance arc welding process which become a popular choice when a weld of high level quality or considerable precision welding is needed. However, the key issues of TIG welding process are its slow welding speed and restricted to lower thickness material in single pass. In this work, autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding has been performed with the help of lathe machine on 5 millimeter thick AISI 1020 mild steel plate without using any kind of filler material. Here a wide range of welding current and scan speed has been tested for getting a full penetration type welding. Activated flux has additionally been accustomed to improve the weld depth. After performing the welding by maintaining completely different gap between plates to be welded, tensile strength and weld bead geometry of the weld has been investigated here. It is noted that, with the help of maintaining a suitable gap full penetration welding of the plate can be done which gives strength almost similar to the base material

Effect of Gemcitabine based chemotherapy on the immunogenicity of pancreatic tumour cells and T-cells.

PURPOSE: Chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer has limited efficacy due to the difficultly of treating established tumours and the evolution of tumour resistance. Chemotherapies for pancreatic cancer are typically studied for their cytotoxic properties rather than for their ability to increase the immunogenicity of pancreatic tumour cells. In this study Gemcitabine in combination with immune modulatory chemotherapies Oxaliplatin, zoledronic acid and pomalidomide was studied to determine how combination therapy alters the immunogenicity of pancreatic tumour cell lines and subsequent T-cell responses. METHODS: Pancreatic tumour cell lines were stimulated with the chemotherapeutic agents and markers of immune recognition were assessed. The effect of chemotherapeutic agents on DC function was measured using uptake of CFSE-stained PANC-1 cells, changes in markers of maturation and their ability to activate CD8+ T-cells. The effect of chemotherapeutic agents on T-cell priming prior to activation using anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies was determined by measuring IFN-γ expression and Annexin V staining using flow cytometry. RESULTS: These agents demonstrate both additive and inhibitory properties on a range of markers of immunogenicity. Gemcitabine was notable for its ability to induce the upregulation of human leukocyte antigen and checkpoints on pancreatic tumour cell lines whilst inhibiting T-cell activation. Pomalidomide demonstrated immune modulatory properties on dendritic cells and T-cells, even in the presence of gemcitabine. DISCUSSION: These data highlight the complex interactions of different agents in the modulation of tumour immunogenicity and immune cell activation and emphasise the complexity in rationally designing chemo immunogenic combinations for use with immunotherapy

Spesies Lalat Buah Yang Menyerang Sayuran Solanaceae Dan Cucurbitaceae Di Sumatera Selatan

. Herlinda, S., Zuroaidah, Y. Pujiastuti, S. Samad, and T. Adam. 2008. Species of Fruitfly Attacking Solanaceous and Cucurbitaceous Vegetables in South Sumatera. The research was aimed to identify the species of fruitfly infesting Solanaceous and Cucurbitaceous vegetables at the center of vegetable production in South Sumatera. Survey had been conducted in central areas of Solanaceous vegetable (Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, Solanum melongena L., Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium L., and Capsicum annuum L.), and cucurbitaceous vegetable (Cucumis sativus L., Luffa acutangula L., Momordica charantia Linn., and Sechium edule Jack). There were 4 fruitfly species found in South Sumatera, i.e. Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactroceratau (Walker), and Bactrocera umbrosus Fabricius. Among them, B. cucurbitae was found on fruits of C. sativus, L. acutangulata, M. charantia, and S. edule; Bactrocera tau was found on fruits of C. sativus; B. dorsalis was found on fruits of C. annuum, L. esculentum, L. pimpinellifolium, and S. melongena. Three species of fruitfly were trapped by methyl eugenol, namely B. dorsalis, B. cucurbitaceae, and B. umbrosus

Aging of the Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility of colloidal solutions

Using Z-scan and dynamic light scattering measurements we investigate the nonlinear optics response of a colloidal solution undergoing dynamics slowing down with age. We study the high optical nonlinearity of an organic dye (Rhodamine B) dispersed in a water-clay (Laponite) solution, at different clay concentrations (2.0 wt% - 2.6 wt%), experiencing the gelation process. We determine the clay platelets self diffusion coefficient and, by its comparison with the structural relaxation time, we conclude that the gelation process proceeds through the structuring of interconnecting clay platelets network rather than through clusters growth and aggregation.Comment: 4 figures, 4 page

Combined effect of bromelain and turmeric against acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in wistar rats

Objective: The present study planned to study the combined effect of Bromelain and Turmeric in acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in Wistar rats. Methodology: Wistar rats of either sex (n = 30) were divided into 5 groups. Group – I, Sham control, administered single dose of vehicle rectally; Group –II, colitis control, colitis was induced by rectal administration of single dose of 2 ml of 3%, v/v of acetic acid in 0.9% saline; Group–III, treated with Turmeric (50 mg/kg/p.o); Group–IV, treated with Bromelain (100 mg/kg/p.o) and Group –V, treated with both Turmeric (50 mg/kg/p.o) and Bromelain (100 mg /kg/p.o). Colitis was induced in all the treatment groups on first day and drug treatment was continued for 7 days. During the treatment period, Disease Activity Index (DAI) was assessed daily and on 8th day White Blood Cell (WBC) Count and Differential Leucocyte Count (DLC) was performed and on 9th day all the rats were sacrificed for the assessment of intestinal inflammation, colon myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and Histopathology. Results obtained were analysed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Results: Overall changes in DAI, Inflammatory scores, WBC, DLC and MPO has shown significant improvement with Turmeric and Bromelain compared to Colitis control. However, the combined therapy has shown to be more effective in alleviating ulcerative colitis compared to individual therapies. Conclusion: The present study recommends that the combination of Turmeric and Bromelain has synergistic effect in treating ulcerative colitis

Shear Behaviour of RC T-Beams with Externally Bonded Discrete CFF Strips – A Experimental and Finite Element Study

The application of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for retrofitting and strengthening of existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures has fascinated the attention of researchers and engineers in the recent decades.  This paper presents the results of experimental and finite element (FE) investigation of shear behaviour of reinforced concrete T-beams repaired with externally bonded bi-directional discrete carbon fibre fabric (CFF) strips.  The reinforced concrete T-beams were tested under four point bending system to investigate the performance of CFF shear strengthening scheme in terms of ultimate load carrying capacity.  These beams were modelled using LUSAS software.  To evaluate the behaviour of the simulated models, the predicted results were compared with the experimental results.  The experimental results show that the gain in shear capacity of the CFF repaired beams ranged between 20% and 40% over the control beam.  Thus, it can be concluded that the externally bonded CFF strips significantly increased the shear capacity of CFF repaired beams.  It was generally observed that the developed FE model shows better agreement with the experimental results.  The results of load-deflection profile, cracking pattern, modes of failure, and strain distribution in discrete CFF strips are presented

Deep Adaptation of Adult-Child Facial Expressions by Fusing Landmark Features

Imaging of facial affects may be used to measure psychophysiological attributes of children through their adulthood, especially for monitoring lifelong conditions like Autism Spectrum Disorder. Deep convolutional neural networks have shown promising results in classifying facial expressions of adults. However, classifier models trained with adult benchmark data are unsuitable for learning child expressions due to discrepancies in psychophysical development. Similarly, models trained with child data perform poorly in adult expression classification. We propose domain adaptation to concurrently align distributions of adult and child expressions in a shared latent space to ensure robust classification of either domain. Furthermore, age variations in facial images are studied in age-invariant face recognition yet remain unleveraged in adult-child expression classification. We take inspiration from multiple fields and propose deep adaptive FACial Expressions fusing BEtaMix SElected Landmark Features (FACE-BE-SELF) for adult-child facial expression classification. For the first time in the literature, a mixture of Beta distributions is used to decompose and select facial features based on correlations with expression, domain, and identity factors. We evaluate FACE-BE-SELF on two pairs of adult-child data sets. Our proposed FACE-BE-SELF approach outperforms adult-child transfer learning and other baseline domain adaptation methods in aligning latent representations of adult and child expressions