Late Quaternary activity along the Scorciabuoi Fault (Southern Italy) as inferred from electrical resistivity tomographies

The Scorciabuoi Fault is one of the major tectonic structures affecting the Southern Apennines, Italy. Across its central sector, we performed several electrical resistivity tomographies with different electrode spacing (5 and 10 m) and using a multielectrode system with 32 electrodes. All tomographies were acquired with two different arrays, the dipole-dipole and the Wenner-Schlumberger. We also tested the different sensitivity of the two arrays with respect to the specific geological conditions and research goals. Detailed geological mapping and two boreholes were used to calibrate the electrical stratigraphy. In all but one tomography (purposely performed off the fault trace), we could recognise an abrupt subvertical lateral variation of the main sedimentary bodies showing the displacement and sharp thickening of the two youngest alluvial bodies in the hanging-wall block. These features are interpreted as evidence of synsedimentary activity of the Scorciabuoi Fault during Late Pleistocene and possibly as recently as Holocene and allow accurate location of the fault trace within the Sauro alluvial plain

Relationships between thetrahedral kink angles and site occupations in C2/c pyroxene from volcanic rocks.

none3The relationships between kinking of the T tetrahedral chain and the site configuration of C2/c pyroxenes from volcanic rocks were investigated, and about two hundred samples were examinated. Kink angle (KA) is defined by the equation KA = arccos [1-c 2/(2d 2)], in which c is the cell edge andd the O3A1–O3A2 distance; in the pyroxenes studied here, it varies from about 164° to about 167°.The ratio betweenc cell edge and O3A1–O3A2 distance depends on the various M1, M2 and T site configurations which, in turn, are related to their different mechanisms of cation substitution. Thec/d ratio varies if isomorphic substitutions involve cations with different charge, while it is quite constant if the substitutions involve cations with the same net charge.Thec/d ratio variation is related to the amount of cation substitution in each crystallographic site, and reaches its maximum range in synthetic and natural end-member pyroxenes.noneSecco L.; Salviulo G.; Princivalle F.Secco, Luciano; Salviulo, Gabriella; Princivalle, F

Late Quaternary activity of the Scorciabuoi Fault, Southern Italy

This work represents a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the Scorciabuoi Fault (Basilicata, Southern Italy), developed in the outer portion of the Lucanian Apennines, close to the boundary between the Apennine Chain and the Bradanic Foredeep

Late Quaternary activity along the Scorciabuoi Fault (Southern Italy) as inferred from electrical resistivity tomographies

The Scorciabuoi Fault is one of the major tectonic structures affecting the Southern Apennines, Italy. Across its central sector, we performed several electrical resistivity tomographies with different electrode spacing (5 and 10 m) and using a multielectrode system with 32 electrodes. All tomographies were acquired with two different arrays, the dipole-dipole and the Wenner-Schlumberger. We also tested the different sensitivity of the two arrays with respect to the specific geological conditions and research goals. Detailed geological mapping and two boreholes were used to calibrate the electrical stratigraphy. In all but one tomography (purposely performed off the fault trace), we could recognise an abrupt subvertical lateral variation of the main sedimentary bodies showing the displacement and sharp thickening of the two youngest alluvial bodies in the hanging-wall block. These features are interpreted as evidence of synsedimentary activity of the Scorciabuoi Fault during Late Pleistocene and possibly as recently as Holocene and allow accurate location of the fault trace within the Sauro alluvial plain

Synthesis and characterization of Iron(III) oxides as supports for Au(0)-based catalysts

A series of iron(III) hydrated oxide/oxyhydroxide/oxide was prepared by precipitation from Fe(III) aqueous solutions, to obtain supports suitable as Au(0)-based catalysts. During synthesis, all parameters -pH, temperature and adding rate - were strictly controlled in order to achieve highly reproducible synthesis. The method of purification was also planned in order to remove nitrate ions that can influence the catalytic activity and/or the support properties, without modifying the structure or particle dimension of the support. Dialysis was identified as the best method for purifying the hydrated oxide/hydroxide, i.e., ferrihydrite and goethite; while ammonium carbonate washing proved to be the most successful for the other hydroxide/oxides. Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction pointed out the complexity of all these systems, proving the extreme importance of synthesis temperature for crystallinity, particle dimension, and amount of hydroxide/oxid

Synthesis and structural characterization of Fe3+-doped calcium hydroxyapatites: role of precursors and synthesis method

This study evaluates the role of Ca and P precursors and of two different preparation methods, ceramic and hydrothermal, in the synthesis of undoped- and Fe3+-doped hydroxyapatite (HA), and tests the Fe3+ solubility limits in HA. Previous studies have noted that different synthesis conditions lead to different products in variable amounts and recent literature quotes the highest amount of Fe3+ substituting for Ca in the HA structure in the range 0.2-0.5 as a function of temperature. Samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Mossbauer and Infrared spectroscopies. The samples obtained by the ceramic method at 800 degrees C contain mixtures of B-type carbonate-apatite and other phosphates whose type and number depend on Ca and P precursors. Samples synthesized at higher temperatures contain mixtures of hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and of magnetic phases, as haematite and ferrite, whose relative amounts depend on nominal composition and thermal treatment. Samples obtained by a hydrothermal route are richer in HA phase with respect to the solid state one, even if the obtained HA percentage depends on the pH. Mossbauer results suggest that Fe3+ is randomly distributed between Ca1 and Ca2 sites. At the highest doping levels a reduction takes place with the formation of iron(II) and magnetite