Synthesis and physical properties of methyl glycoside linked to triazole surfactants

New heterocyclic compounds containing methyl glycoside were synthesized from available and renewable starting materials through click chemistry coupling.  The row materials for this synthesis are methyl glycoside, both saturated (C12) and unsaturated (C18) fatty acids. The aim from this synthesis focus on synthesis of new water-in- oil emulsifier. Multi-step synthetic strategy was applied in this methodology, including activation of hydroxyl group at C6 of the methyl glycoside, functionalization of the activated atom and  finally  coupling  with  fatty  acids  derivatives  by  using  click  chemistry technique. The target compounds were identified and their purity confirmed by NMR type 1H and 13C in addition to high resolution mass spectroscopy.  Lyotropic  phases  were  investigated by Optical Polarizing  Microscopy (OPM) contact  penetration  with  water,  Differential  Scanning  Calorimetry  (DSC)  was used to used to study the physical properties of the synthesized compounds . While the DuNouy ring approach measured the surface tension.  The latter enables the determination of critical micelle concentration

Classification of the phases of 1D spin chains with commuting Hamiltonians

We consider the class of spin Hamiltonians on a 1D chain with periodic boundary conditions that are (i) translational invariant, (ii) commuting and (iii) scale invariant, where by the latter we mean that the ground state degeneracy is independent of the system size. We correspond a directed graph to a Hamiltonian of this form and show that the structure of its ground space can be read from the cycles of the graph. We show that the ground state degeneracy is the only parameter that distinguishes the phases of these Hamiltonians. Our main tool in this paper is the idea of Bravyi and Vyalyi (2005) in using the representation theory of finite dimensional C^*-algebras to study commuting Hamiltonians.Comment: 8 pages, improved readability, added exampl

Hodge structures associated to SU(p,1)

Let A be an abelian variety over C such that the semisimple part of the Hodge group of A is a product of copies of SU(p,1) for some p>1. We show that any effective Tate twist of a Hodge structure occurring in the cohomology of A is isomorphic to a Hodge structure in the cohomology of some abelian variety

Model Pembelajaran Quantum Teaching Unnjk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Kdas V SDS Kalam Kudus Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi, Kabupaten Bengkalis

Quantxil Teaching Study Mode to increase the result of studyin IPS subject score for class V SDS Kalam Kudus Tebing Tinggi district,Bengkalis regency. The subjects of this research are 30 students in classV C SDS Kalam Kudus, which are consist of 14 females and 16 malesmdents. The measured variable is student activity, teacher activity whichis measured by using observation sheet and study result by writing test.Base on the result of this research, it can be concluded that QuantumTeaching Study Mode can increase student score in IPS subject at SDSKalam Kudus Selatpanjang.Keyrword : Quantum Teaching Study Mode, Scor

Evaluation of Amygdalin (B17) and Cucurbita pepo (Pumpkin seed) Activity Against Blastocystis from Diarrheic Patients in Baghdad, Iraq: in Vitro Study

تعد المتبرعمة الكيسية من الطفيليات الواسعة الانتشار في الجهاز الهظمي البشري والحيواني.يعتبر الميترونيدازول الدواء الاساسي لعلاج عدوى المتبرعمة الكيسية .ومع ذلك , كان هناك دليل متزايد على فشل العلاج والاثار الجانبية الخطرة وحدوث سلالات مقاومة للميترونيدازول.شاركت العديد من الدراسات في الفترة الاخيرة في البحث عن علاجات بديلة لعدوى المتبرعمة الكيسية , وخاصة دراسة العلاجات الطبية.تم توليد قدر كبير من الاهتمام حول دور أميغدالين B17 وبذور اليقطين في القضاء على الالتهابات الطفيلية. قٌدمت هذه الدراسة للتحقق في فعالية أثنين من المركبات الطبيعية في المختبر أمغدالين B17 وبذور اليقطين ضد المتبرعمة الكيسية المعزولة من مرضى يعانون من أعراض مرضية , في الحضانة المختبرية للطفيلي تم حساب  B17 (200, 400 ميكروغرام/لتر), بذور اليقطين (200, 400 ميكروغرام/لتر) و الميترونيدازول (100, 150 ميكروغرام/لتر) في فترات زمنية مختلفة (ساعة ،ساعتان،اربع وعشرون ساعة ،ثمان واربعون ساعة).تم تقيم التغيرات المورفولوجية بأستخدام المجهر الضوئي.كانت المتبرعمة الكيسية المعزولة من المرضى الذين يعانون من أعراض مرضية من النمط الجيني الاول وظهر التأثير النوعي للأمغدالين B17و بذور اليقطين عند p<0.05 في تثبيط نموالمتبرعمة الكيسية مختبرياً.أظهرت هذه النتائج الاثارالعلاجية المحتملة للأمغدالين B17 وبذوراليقطين ضد داء المتبرعمة الكيسية كبدائل طبيعية , أمنة وفعّالة.Blastocystis is a ubiquitous human and animal protozoa that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Metronidazole is considered the standard drug for the treatment of Blastocystis infection; however, there is growing evidence of treatment failure, hazardous side effects, and appearance of strains resistant to metronidazole. In the last era, many studies have been implicated in the quest for new treatments for Blastocystis infection, especially natural products. Attention has been focused on the effect of Amygdalin (B17) and pumpkin seed on eradicating parasitic infections. The current work was built up to explore the in vitro efficacy of two natural compounds, Amygdalin (B17) and pumpkin seeds against Blastocystis isolated from symptomatic patients. In vitro incubation of the parasite with B17 (200, 400µgmL¯¹), pumpkin seed (200, 400 µgmL¯¹) and metronidazole (100, 150µgmL¯¹) was counted at different periods (one, two, twenty-four and forty-eight hours) and morphological changes were evaluated using Light Microscope. Blastocystis detected from patients with symptoms was subtype 1. The B 17 and pumpkin seed demonstrated statistically significant (p<0.05) growth reduction of Blastocystis in culture. Such results showed the possible therapeutic effects of B 17 and pumpkin seed against blastocystosis as effective safe natural alternatives

Linguistic Deviation in Literary Style

This paper is an attempt to shed light on linguistic deviation in literary style. Literary language, with its three main genres; poetry, drama and prose, is a situational variety of English that has specific features which belong to the literary and elevated language of the past. Literary language has been assigned a special status since antiquity, and is still used nowadays by some speakers and writers in certain situations and contexts. It has been considered as sublime and distinctive from all other types of language; one which is deviant from ordinary use of language in that it breaks the common norms or standards of language. A basic characteristic of literary style is linguistic deviation which occurs at different levels; lexical, semantic, syntactic, phonological, morphological, graphological, historical, dialectal and register. All these types of deviations are thoroughly investigated and stylistically analyzed in this paper so as to acquaint readers, students of English, researchers, and those interested in the field, with this type of linguistic phenomenon whose data is based on selected samples from major classical works in English literatur

NMR and μ+\mu^{+}SR detection of unconventional spin dynamics in Er(trensal) and Dy(trensal) molecular magnets

Measurements of proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectra and relaxation and of Muon Spin Relaxation ($\mu^{+}$SR) have been performed as a function of temperature and external magnetic field on two isostructural lanthanide complexes, Er(trensal) and Dy(trensal) featuring crystallographically imposed trigonal symmetry. Both the nuclear 1/T1 and muon $\lambda$ longitudinal relaxation rates, LRR, exhibit a peak for temperatures T lower than 30K, associated to the slowing down of the spin dynamics, and the width of the NMR absorption spectra starts to increase significantly at T ca. 50K, a temperature sizably higher than the one of the LRR peaks. The LRR peaks have a field and temperature dependence different from those previously reported for all Molecular Nanomagnets. They do not follow the Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound scaling of the amplitude and position in temperature and field and thus cannot be explained in terms of a single dominating correlation time $\tau$c determined by the spin slowing down at low temperature. Further, for T lower than 50K the spectral width does not follow the temperature behavior of the magnetic susceptibility chi. We suggest, using simple qualitative considerations, that the observed behavior is due to a combination of two different relaxation processes characterized by the correlation times $\tau$LT and $\tau$HT, dominating for T lower than 30K and T higher than 50K, respectively. Finally, the observed flattening of LRR for T lower than 5K is suggested to have a quantum origin

Atomiser, Source, Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Atomic Fluoresence Spectrometry (ASIA): A Study of Chemical and Ionisation Interference Effects

The effects of phosphate, aluminium, sodium and potassium on the atomic fluorescence of calcium at 422.7 nm and the ionic fluorescence at I:393.4-396.8 nm have been studied. When the operating conditions are optimised for maximum fluorescence signal from a solution containing no interferents, interference effects are observed which may be interpreted in terms of stable compound formation, ionisation suppression and fluorescence quenching. These effects may be removed by optimising the operating parameters for minimum interference