Non- Distractive Testing of Reactive Powder Concrete

يهدف هذا البحث الى تخمين ثلاثة من اهم خواص خرسانة المساحيق الفعالة باستخدام فحوصات إتلافيه وفحوصات لإتلافيه بالإضافة الى برنامج تحليل الاحصائي لغرض اقتراح موديل رياضي لتخمين مقاومة انضغاط، مقاومة الانثناء، ومقاومة الشد الانفلاقي لخرسانة المساحيق الفعالة. تم صب 50 مكعب خرساني مقاس 150 مم , 50 اسطوانة بقطر 150 مم وارتفاع 300 مم وايضا صب 50 موشور بأبعاد (100*100*500مم) وبعد معالجتها معالجة اعتيادية في الماء لمدة 28 يوم تم فحصها فحصا لا ا تلافيا بوسطة فحص الامواج الفوق الصوتية كفحوصات لإتلافيه ومن ثم فحصها اتلافيا" لإيجاد مقدار مقاومة الانضغاط والشد والانثناء، وبعد ادخال قيم الفحص الاتلافي والائتلافي في برنامج التحليل الاحصائي تم التوصل الى امكانية تخمين الخواص الميكانيكية باستخدام المعادلات الرياضية المستنتجة.This research focuses on estimating of three important properties of reactive powder concrete; the distractive, a non-distractive testing and statistical analysis suggest mathematical model. The ultrasonic pulse velocity test (NDT) method to study the properties of concrete. Fifty cubes with size (150mm), fifty cylinders with diameter (150mm), height (300 mm), and fifty prisms of dimensions (100*100*500) mm., Statistical analysis  was used to estimate the mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC), compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength. Results showed that it is possible to estimate the mechanical properties using a mathematical model

Development Program to Estimate the Suitable of Raw Materials to Produce Cement

Raw material composition plays an essential role on the lining life of cement rotary kiln.They are obtained from hard rock quarries that represent the first step in the cement manufacturing process. That raw materials are transported to Al- Kufa cement plant then crushed and ground to very fine powder and then blended in the correct proportions.This research aims to study suitable rations of raw materials to produce cement in al Kufa cement plant in Iraq. Through a software program, suitale raw materials ratios for the clinker were estimated, then chemical and physical tests for clinker and cement according to Iraqi Standard Specification were done to recognize the effects on the properties of cement such as the ratios of major and minor oxides, Lime saturations factor (LSF), Silica Modulus (SM) Alumina Modulus (AM), compressive strength, setting time and soundness. Keywords: Portland Cement, Raw material, Cement industry, Rotary kiln and Factors Affective of clinker DOI: 10.7176/CER/11-1-0

Antibacterial activity of Syzygium aromaticum against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from urinary tract of dogs

This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum extracts, (clove) is one of the traditional plants that have been used to prevent urinary tract infection. Our study showed the antibacterial effectiveness of the extract of Syzygies aromaticum and reduced bacterial resistance resulting from the misuse of the antibiotic. Our extract has been used to prevent UTI because the pharmacological activities are attributed to plant constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, terpenes, and other active ingredients. Cloves were extracted by hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol), which yield a reddish-brown plant extract powder with 20%. It was observed that the hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol)of cloves against Staphylococcus aureus appeared at a concentration of 6.25 mg/ml, and increased until reached concentrations of 200; 400 and 800 mg/ml resulting in a zone of inhibition (16.3, 17.5, 20.7mm), respectively, while inhibition was recorded against Klebsiella pneumoniae at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. At a concentration of 400 and 800 mg/ml, an increase in inhibition was observed for the zone (18.1, 22.3mm). It was inferred that the hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol)of cloves has a higher antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus because the zones of inhibition began with lower concentrations compared to Klebsiella pneumonia because of their virulence factors in addition to bacterial resistanc

Experimental Investigation of Short Square Normal and Hybrid Fiber Reactive Powder Concrete Columns Subjected to Chloride Solution Attack

In this research, the structural behavior of reinforced concrete columns made of normal and hybrid reactive powder concrete (hybrid by steel and polypropylene fibers) subjected to chloride salts with concentration was 8341.6 mg/l. The study consists of two parts, the first one is experimental study and the second one is theoretical analysis. Three main variables were adopted in the experimental program; concrete type, curing type and loading arrangement. Twenty (120x120x1200) mm columns were cast and tested depending on these variables. The samples were reinforced using two different bars; Ø8 for ties and Ø12 with minimum longitudinal reinforcement (0.01Ag). The specimens were divided into two main groups based on curing type: The first group consists of casting and testing of ten columns that cured in tap water for 28 days with two types of concrete (normal and hybrid), five columns for each type. While the second group consists of ten columns that direct cured and fully immersed in chloride water (8341.6 mg/l) 6 months with two types of concrete (normal and hybrid), five columns for each type. The specimens were tested under three types of loading, the first one is axial load, the second one is eccentric load with three different eccentricities (50,100 and 150) mm and where (e/h) are (0.42, 0.83 and 1.25) respectively from the center of column while the third type of loading is tested the specimens as beam. The experimental results showed an increase in ultimate load capacity and higher chlorides resisting for hybrid reactive powder concrete in comparison with normal concrete in both types of curing (tap and chloride water) through studying strain profile. Interaction diagram charts were obtained from different types of loading for each specimen. These charts showed high values for hybrid reactive powder concrete in comparison with normal concrete