Viticulture and winemaking of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan is one of the most ancient centers of origin of grape culture

Azerbaijan: native varieties of grapevine

1. Absheron Gelinbarmagy B.2. Absheron Gyzyl Uzumu R.3. Absheron Kechiemjeyi Rg.4. Ag Gyavra B.5. Ag Oval Kishmish B.6. Ag Shany B.7. Agdam Gyzyl Uzumu R.8. Agdam Gyulabisi R.9. Agdam Khazarisi B.10. Ala Shany R.11. Alykhanly Garagyoz N.12. Alykhanly Kechimemesi B.13. Amiri B.14. Arayatly Gara Uzum N.15. Arna - Grna B.16. Askeri B.17. Bayanshira B.18. Bendi B.19. Boyakhany N.20. Cherez N.21. Dana Burnu B.22. Deve Gyozu B.23. Et Marandi R.24. Fatmayi B.25. Gara Khazani N.26. Gara Kishmish N.27. Gara Kyurdashy N.28. Gara Shany N.29. Goyun Gyozu B.30. Gyavangir B.31. Gyrmyzy Marandi Rg.32. Haji Abbas N.33. Iri Salkhym B.34. Karga Dili N.35. Kerimgendi B.36. Khyndogny N.37. Khyrcha Kishmish B.38. Kyok Kishmish B.39. Madrasa N.40. Meleyi N.41. Marandi Rg.42. Nabi Uzum B.43. Nakhchivan Chehrayi Kishmishi R.44. Salyany B.45. Sarmayi B.46. Sarygilya B.47. Shafeyi B.48. Shekerbari B.49. Shireyi B.50. Shirvanshahy N.51. Surmeyi N.52. Tabrizi B.53. Yagubi Rg.54. Zeynebi

Tannin phenotyping of the Vitaceae reveals a phylogenetic linkage of epigallocatechin in berries and leaves

International audienceBackground and AimsCondensed tannins, responsible for berry and wine astringency, may have been selected during grapevine domestication (Narduzzi et al., 2015). This work examines the phylogenetic distribution of condensed tannins throughout the Vitaceae phylogenetic tree.MethodsGreen berries and mature leaves of representative true-to-type members of the Vitaceae were collected before “véraison”, freeze-dried, pulverised, and condensed tannins measured following depolymerization by nucleophilic addition of 2-mercaptoethanol to the C4 of the flavan-3-ol units in an organic acidic medium. Reaction products were separated and quantitated by UPLC/DAD/MS.Key Results and ConclusionsThe original ability to incorporate epigallocatechin (EGC) into grapevine condensed tannins was lost independently in both the American and Eurasian/Asian branches of the Vitaceae, with exceptional cases of reversion to the ancestral EGC phenotype. This is particularly true in the genus Vitis, where we now find two radically distinct groups differing with respect to EGC content. While Vitis species from Asia are void of EGC, 50% of the New World Vitis harbour EGC. Interestingly, the presence of EGC is tightly coupled with the degree of leaf margin serration. Noticeably, the rare Asian EGC-forming species are phylogenetically close to Vitis vinifera, the only remnant representative of Vitis in Eurasia. Both the wild ancestral V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris as well as the domesticated V. vinifera subsp. sativa can accumulate EGC and activate galloylation biosynthesis that compete for photoassimilates and reductive power