A comparative analysis of badminton game instructions effect of non-linear pedagogy and linear pedagogy

The recent implementation of TGfU pedagogy among Malaysian schools game curriculum challenging teachers who are comfortable with technical-skill driven Linear Pedagogy (LP). This conundrum led to this quasi experimental pre-post-test design study using n = 56 students aged 13±.23 years old investigated Non Linear Pedagogy (NP) and LP models using badminton curriculum in terms of tactical decision making, recovery movement to base, skill execution of drop shots and smash in badminton doubles game play. Findings, as for tactical decision making, recovery to base, drop shot and smash in doubles game play, ANCOVA and ANOVA statistics indicated significant improved performance via NP compared to LP.Conclusion, implementing NP in schools would further strengthen TGfU as teachers can adjust tactics, skill tasks to the performer’s abilities and situated learning environmentKeywords: Linear pedagogy, Non-Linear pedagogy, badminton, skill execution, decisionmakin

The impact of coaching module based on teaching games for understanding towards school netball players' performance

The study aimed was to assess the effectiveness of coaching module based on Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) towards the performance of school netball players. Samples consisted of 14 netball players in selected Malaysian secondary schools. The players had gone through four-weeks of training using the coaching module. The results showed that the coaching module has a high impact on players' performance in the aspects of decision-making, chose and used attack and defense strategy at the right time and place during netball game. There was a strong and significant positive relationship between the uses of coaching module  ith performance of the players in netball game. The implication of this study was to help school coaches to incorporate thinking culture of players on the ability in decision-making skills, choosing and using attack and defense strategy during playing netball.Keywords: TGfU; coaching module; decision-making; attack and defense strategy; netball

Proses Pengolahan Logam Berat Khrom Pada Limbah Cair Penyamakan Kulit Dengan Eps Terimobilisasi

Leather tanning industryproduced waste water contained of heavy metal Chrom that can be dangerous for the environment. One of the methods to remove Cr in wastewater was used Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) that extracted from the activated sludge. This research was done with used EPS that immobilized in epoxy resin as adsorbent and used artificial waste water with concentration of 15,9 ppm. This research was done in continuous and recirculation process with variable of pH 5, 6, 7 and the flows were 3, 5, 7 ml/min. The result showed that the best adsorption happened in pH 5, the flowwere 3 ml/minwith the adsorption capacity was 6,382 mg/g EPS-epoxy and the removal efficiency was 89,2

Pengaruh PH Dan Waktu Proses Dalam Penyisihan Logam Berat Cr, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Dan Ni Dalam Air Limbah Industri Elektroplating Dengan Proses Oksidasi Biokimia

Adanya logam berat yang terkandung dalam air limbah menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan manusia dan bahaya lingkugan karena efek toksisitasnya. Salah satu industri yang menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung logam berat adalah industri elektroplating. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam air limbah industri elektroplating adalah khromium (Cr), besi (Fe), seng (Zn), tembaga (Cu), nikel (Ni), dan mangan (Mn). Oksidasi biokimia adalah salah satu proses pengolahan yang memanfaatkan biomassa bakteri untuk menyerap ion logam berat dalam air limbah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Super Growth Bacteria 102 yang terdiri dari Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Arthrobacter sp, dan Aeromonas sp dalam menyerap ion logam berat di dalam operasi batch. Operasi batch dilakukan dengan menguji kemampuan bakteri pada variasi pH (6, 7, 8) dan waktu proses. Selain dilakukan analisa logam berat, dilakukan pula analisa COD yang berasal dari penambahan glukosa monohidrad dan asam asetat yang berfungsi sebagai substrat bagi bakteri. Dari seluruh parameter yang sudah dianalisa didapatkan hasil efisiensi optimal berada di pH 7, yaitu COD dengan efisiensi 93,47%; Cr dengan efisiensi 98,39%; Fe dengan efisiensi 87,12%; Zn dengan efisiensi 96,83%; Cu dengan efisiensi 97,68%; Ni dengan efisiensi 97,44%; dan Mn dengan efisiensi 85,94%

Body fat and risk of cardiovascular diseases among the Tamil school teachers in Kuala Selangor, Selangor

This quantitative survey aims to measure the overall body fat, BMI, abdominal fat and the risk of cardiovascular diseases among 60 Tamil school teachers from Kuala Selangor District, Selangor. The subjects voluntarily participated in this study. The total body fat, Body Mass Index (BMI) and abdominal fat were measured using Omron Karada Scanner, meanwhile PACER test was used to measure cardiovascular endurance. The descriptive analysis showed, 71.67% Tamil school teachers from Kuala Selangor were found to be in the category of excessive body fat and obese. BMI levels, showed that 26.68% were overweight, 48.33% teachers were in level pre-obese till to obese stage III. Abdominal fat levels showed that 70% teachers were at risk. While only 20% of them having good cardiovascular fitness. The inferential analysis showed that there were significant differences in overall body fat and cardiovascular endurance between male and female subjects but BMI and abdominal fat levels showed no significant difference between male and female subjects. The findings indicated that most of the Tamil school teachers in Kuala Selangor District having high risk of cardiovascular diseases. They should do regular physical activity and consume balanced diet to reduce the risk of body fat and obesity which cause the cardiovascular diseases.Keywords: Obesity, abdominal fat, total body fat, cardiovascular endurance & physical activit

The assessment of psychomotor domain among reserve officers training team (Palapes)

This study was conducted to determine the level of psychomotor domain among Reserve Officers Training Team (PALAPES) after underwent three years of training module. 105 PALAPES cadet officers were recruited as participants in this study. Co-curriculum index assessments (IPKo) were used to assess psychomotor domain achievement level. Results showed all psychomotor skills were rated only at a ‘good’ and ‘moderate’ level. The skill item showed the highest percentage of 65.7% cadets at ‘good’ level and 34.3% cadets are at ‘moderate’ level with mean value of 3.66. The overall mean of psychomotor skills (physical skills) is at a ‘good’ level of 3.56. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of co-curricular activities involvement among university students in developing psychomotor domains.Keywords: co-curricular, psychomotor, training module, PALAPES, IPK

Aligning the principles of assessment for learning to learning in physical education: a review of literature

peer-reviewedThe full text of this article will not be available in ULIR until the embargo expires on the 19/04/2022Background: A comprehensive international literature review on alternative assessment in physical education has been provided by López-Pastor et al. ([2013]. “Alternative Assessment in Physical Education: A Review of International Literature.” Sport, Education & Society 18 (1): 57–76). The authors remarked that while more authentic forms of assessment in physical education have been evidenced over the last three decades, the extent to which alternative assessment practices have become common practice in the teaching of physical education is yet to be established. Purpose: This review provides an updated perspective on the prevalence of assessment for learning (AfL) principles in physical education discourse since the 2013 publication. The intent is to inform and consider future AfL practices in school physical education and physical education teacher education (PETE) programmes. Methods: Eligibility criteria for the review required full-text articles written in English or Spanish; published (open access and/or in print) in peer-reviewed, academic and professional journals; and limited to the period 2013–2019. Inclusion criteria required articles to report assessment being used to promote learning in physical education, regardless of making reference to ‘assessment for learning’. Findings: Fifty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. A thematic analysis of these articles resulted in four themes: i) traditional positioning of assessment in physical education; ii) AfL and physical education; iii) the constraints in enacting AfL in physical education; and iv) how to most effectively embed AfL in daily physical education practices. Conclusions: The main conclusions of this review are that i) AfL is a learning-oriented assessment based on socio constructivist theories and integrated into the teaching-learning process, ii) physical education teachers continue to use assessment solely to grade students; iii) physical education teachers do not have the necessary skillset to use AfL in physical education successfully; iv) physical education teachers need to be supported to implement AfL; and v) it is necessary to consider how best PETE programmes can infuse AfL across the programme

Relation between protocol test digital sit and reach with back saver sits and reaches between 10 years old in primary school

No AbstractKeywords: flexibility; physical education; fitness test; sit and reac

School based assessment module for invasion games category in physical education

This study identify the level of basic skills of invasion games category when using School Based Assessment Module. The assessment of invasion games category was divided into two assessment contexts namely Assessment for Learning (AforL) and Assessment of Learning (AofL). The findings showed that the level of cognitive achievement for AforL is M = 69.12, SD = 14.74 and AofL is M = 76.60, SD = 12.96. The findings of the level of psychomotor achievement for AforL with M = 72.28, SD = 14:23 and AofL with M = 74.98, SD = 9.88. The analysis also showed the level of affective achievement for AforL: M = 75.33, SD = 14:40 and AofL: M = 76.65, SD = 18:52). This result clearly showed an improvement in students’ learning performance in achievement test through teachers’ observation during the teaching and learning of Physical Education for Invasion Game Category Basic Skills.Keywords: affective; assessment; cognitive; invasion; physical education; psychomoto

Construct validity and reliability of automated body reaction test

Automated Body Reaction Test (ABRT) is a new device for skills and physical assessment instrument to measure ability on react, move quickly and accurately in accordance with stimulus. A total of 474 subjects aged 7-17 years old were randomly selected for the construct validity (n=330) and reliability (n=144). The ABRT score were correlated with Nelson Choice Reaction Time test to find out the validity and reliability test conducted by using test retest prosedures. Finding of the study shows that the validity for students age 7-9 years (r=0,73), 10-12 years (r=0.87), 13-15 (r=0.87) and 16-17 years (r=0.89) meanwhile for reliability for students age 7-9 years (r=0,90), 10-12 years (r=0.87), 13-15 (r=0.88) and 16-17 years (r=0.88). Based on the finding, ABRT showed highly validity, reliability and as a new instrument to measure reaction time on healthrelated fitness.Keywords: validity; reliability; reaction time; physical fitnes