Towards the production of chlorine dioxide from electrochemically in-situ produced solutions of chlorate

This work focuses on the electrochemical production of chlorate solutions for direct use and integration in the manufacture of chlorine dioxide (ClO2), from the perspective of manufacturing portable ClO2 electrochemical generatorsEste trabajo se centra en la producción electroquímica de soluciones de clorato para su uso directo e integración en la fabricación de dióxido de cloro (ClO2), desde la perspectiva de la fabricación de generadores electroquímicos portátiles de ClO

A review on the electrochemical production of chlorine dioxide from chlorates and hydrogen peroxide

Chlorine dioxide is one of the most interesting oxidants because it combines a strong capacity of oxidation with low formation of hazardous byproducts such as chlorinated organics during its application. Because of that, it is widely used in disinfection of drinking water and, currently, it is aimed to be used in the disinfection of surfaces or buildings. Although it is usually produced by the chemical interaction of chlorite with hypochlorite/chlorine or hydrochloric acid, one interesting alternative for its production is the combination in strongly acidic media of chlorate and hydrogen peroxide. Both compounds are known to be efficiently manufactured with electrochemical technology, opening the possibility of a complete electrochemical process to produce this important oxidant. This review summarizes the recent progress in the electrochemical production of the two raw materials, as well as the complete electrochemical production of chlorine dioxide, not only paying attention to the scientific literature but, most importantly, to recent patents, trying to see in which technology readiness level are each of the technologies and what are the elements of the value chain required for a complete implementation of the technolo

Analysis of Water Barrier, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Nanocoposites Based on Cassava Starch and Natural Clay or Modified by Anionic Exchange

<div><p>Biopolymer films have several industrial applications because they are environmentally sustainable. Cassava starch is a biopolymer that is easily available, but has limitations: it is hydrophilic, poorly resistant and degradable. The improvement of these properties was proposed in this research from the use of bentonite clay (BT) as a filling material. The compatibilization of this in the polymer matrix was obtained by ion exchange with an organic anionic surfactant. The formation of intercalated or exfoliated starch nanocomposites in the presence of natural or modified clay was characterized by XRD, FTIR, AFM and SEM. The improvement of water vapor, thermal and mechanical properties was investigated by WVP, solubility, TGA and tensile test. The starch nanocomposites in the presence of modified clay showed a better result than those of natural clay. There was no significant difference in the color of the starch film in the presence of the natural or modified clay.</p></div