Dyeing of Cationized Cotton Fabrics with Natural Dye Extracted from Acacia

Abstract Cotton, like most text ile fibres, was negative charged in neutral and alkali aqueous solutions. Dyestuffs, optical brighteners and finishing agents in aqueous solution have the same electrical charge as cotton. Therefore, adsorption processes were difficult due to these repulsive forces. This paper studied the dyeing of alkaline extraction of acacia bark after the finishing of mod ified cotton -by cationization. In this paper, cat ionization of cotton fabric for achieving electropositive charge and better adsorption properties was carried out with cationic co mpound produced fro m extractable solution of chicken feather. The dyeing of cationized cotton fabrics using colouring matter ext racted fro m acacia bark has been studied. The application of the ext ractable solution of chicken feather with cotton was studied. Color measurements were carried out to evaluate the shade obtained. The dyed fabrics were subjected for analysis in terms of K/S, CIE L* a* b*, hue and chro ma as well as their fastness properties. The results indicated the dye extraction was more effective at alkaline med iu m. The colour measurement values were found to be better with cation izat ion than the untreated samples. The results with the fastness properties were fro m fair fo r untreated samples to good with the cationized fabrics

Sleep disorders in hemodialysis patients

The prevalence of sleep disorders is higher in patients with kidney failure than the general population. We studied the prevalence of sleep disorders in 88 (mean age; 41.59 ± 16.3 years) chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura Uni-versity, Egypt over 4-month period. The investigated sleep disorders included insomnia, restless leg syndrome (RLS), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), narcolepsy and sleep walking, and we used a questionnaire in accordance with those of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, the Berlin questionnaire, Italian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale, International Classification of Sleep Disorders, and the specific ques-tions of Hatoum′s sleep questionnaire. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 79.5% in our pa-tients, and the most common sleep abnormality was insomnia (65.9%), followed by RLS (42%), OSAS (31.8%), snoring (27.3%), EDS (27.3%), narcolepsy (15.9%), and sleep walking (3.4%). Insomnia correlated with anemia (r=0.31, P= 0.003), anxiety (r=0.279, P= 0.042), depression (r=0.298, P= 0.24) and RLS (r=0.327, P= 0.002). Also, RLS correlated with hypoalbuminemia (r=0.41, P= < 0.0001), anemia (r=0.301 and P= 0.046), hyperphosphatemia (r=0.343 and P= 0.001). EDS correlated with OSAS (r=0.5, P= < 0.0001), snoring (r=0.341, P= 0.001), and social worry (r=0.27, P= 0.011). Sleep disorders are quite common in the HD patients, especially those who are anemic and hypoalbuminemic. Assessment of sleep quality, preferably with polysomno-graphy, is necessary to confirm our results. Interventional studies for management of sleep disor-ders in HD patients are warranted