Оцінка шуму комерційної авіації в міжнародному аеропорту Ліона Сент-Екзюпері. Спектральні характеристики під час польоту

 Simple noise level monitoring systems, which are currently used around airports to create a noise map in residential areas, are unable to identify source frequencies and their impact on the environment. This article presents the dominant frequencies during aircraft approaches at Lyon Saint-Exupéry International Airport (France) and analyzes the evidence of their impact on the environment. The results have the potential to contribute to the improvement of environmental quality around airports. They provide the emitted frequencies during the operations which can be treated by passive or active control systems. Рассмотрены системы контроля уровня шума, используемых вокруг аэропортов для создания карт шума в жилых областях, но они не могут идентифицировать исходные частоты и определить их влияние на окружающую среду. Подано доминирующие частоты в течение мероприятия самолетов на посадку в Международном аэропорту Сент-Экзюпери (Лион, Франция). Проанализировано их влияние на окружающую среду. Результаты указывают на потенциальную возможность улучшения экологического качества вокруг аэропортов и на частоты излучения, с которыми можно бороться пассивными или активными системами регулирования. Розглянуто системи контролю рівня шуму, що використовуються навколо аеропортів для створення карт шуму в житлових областях, але вони не можуть ідентифікувати початкові частоти і визначити їх вплив на навколишнє середовище. Подано домінуючі частоти протягом заходу літаків на посадку в Міжнародному аеропорту Сент-Екзюпері (Ліон, Франція). Проаналізовано їх вплив на навколишнє середовище. Результати вказують на потенціальну можливість поліпшення екологічної якості навколо аеропортів та на частоти випромінювання, з якими можна боротися пасивними або активними системами регулювання

Development of Braking Profiles generating High Rates of Non-exhaust Particle Emissions of Vehicles

Mechanical frictions phenomena, related to the wear and the abrasion of tyres, brakes, clutch, and road surface, are responsible for significant particle emissions of the non-exhaust road vehicles which are considered as vectors of various toxic, carcinogens or mutagen substances. Their rate is high and the particles represent, today, major impacts on public health and on the environment. Physical characteristics of the non-exhaust road transport and surface emissions could be analyzed in a laboratory situation under controlled condition if suitable deceleration profiles and sampling systems are developed having the ability to increase the non-exhaust emissions. The aim of this paper is to develop the deceleration profiles, thus increasing the production rate of particles during urban, suburban, and highway driving conditions, allowing their identification and analysis. Experiments have been performed confirming the reliability of the developed braking profiles. A load effect, a large clustering, and the presence of isolated clusters and fibers have been observed. Size analysis indicated a high production of the particles in the range of [7 nm, 4 ¼m]. Further experiments and processing of data is necessary to confirm identification and quantification of the non-exhaust emissions taking into account atmospheric and turbulence features and the traffic.Cet article permet de donner les premiers développements des profils de décélérations permettant un taux de production éleÎ de PH

Trajectory Design Method for Less Noise and Fuel Consumption from Aircraft Operations

National audienceAircraft noise and air pollution are considered to be one of the most significant environmental concerns on the local community of modern cities, affecting people living in particular near airports during landings and takeoffs. This study aims to analyze benefits due to optimization of flight parameters in order to reduce noise impact and fuel consumption during takeoffs and landings. The three-dimensional motion of a commercial aircraft over a few minutes time span is described by a dynamic system. A thermodynamic analysis for a turbofan engine is carried out to obtain the state parameters which are useful to express the jet noise and the fuel consumption functions. The obtained model is an optimal control problem (OCP) including a consumption function, an overall sound pressure level, a dynamic system and flight related constraints. A pseudospectral method is suggested and implemented to solve this OCP problem. Results are presented and discussed

Optimization of operational aircraft parameters Reducing Noise Emission

The objective of this paper is to develop a model and a minimization method to provide flight path optimums reducing aircraft noise in the vicinity of airports. Optimization algorithm has solved a complex optimal control problem, and generates flight paths minimizing aircraft noise levels. Operational and safety constraints have been considered and their limits satisfied. Results are here presented and discussed

Two-Aircraft Dynamic System on Approach. Flight Path and noise Optimization

The aim of this paper is to present and to solve a mathematical model of two-aircraft optimal control problem reducing noise during the approach. This is a non-convex optimal control problem governed by ordinary non-linear differential equations. A Symplectic Partitioned Runge-Kutta discretization and the Pontryaguin maximum principle are used. Discretization scheme provides a sufficiently high order requiring a computation of the partial derivatives of the aircraft dynamic parameters. The nonlinear interior point trust region optimization solver is applied. Numerical experiments and results are presented. They confirm the feasible optimized trajectories contributing to a signicant noise reduction. Symplectic Partitioned - Runge-Kutta algorithm - optimal control problem - AMPL programming - KNITRO - aircraft noise

Optimal control of two-commercial aircraft dynamic system during approach

This paper aims to reduce noise levels of two-aircraft landing simultaneously on approach. Constraints related to stability, performance and flight safety are taken into account. The problem of optimal control is described and solved by a Sequential Quadratic Programming numerical method 'SQP' when globalized by the trust region method. By using a merit function, a sequential quadratic programming method associated with global trust regions bypasses the non-convex problem. This method used a nonlinear interior point trust region optimization solver under AMPL. Among several possible solutions, it is shown that there is an optimal trajectory leading to a reduction of noise levels on approach