Damage Due to Spot Cavitation on Hemisperical Cylindrical Body (Comparison Between Isolated Cavity and Parallel Cavities)

When the Reynolds number is larger than the critical value or laminar separation is eliminated by a trip installed on a hemispherical cylindrical body, attached spot cavitation is observed occasionally. It occurs at fixed place in the vicinity of the minimum mean pressure and grows into a triangular wedge. In the present investigation, isolated and parallel spot cavitation is artificially generated on the hemispherical body adn the behavior of the cavitation is observed by instantaneous photographs. The frequency of damaging blows in the range of the flow speed of 25 to 50 m/s is obtained by counting the number of damaged pits on an aluminum specimen. When spot cavitation occurs adjacently, the cavity become rather stable. The pitting rate at the maximum damage zone by the parallel spot cavitation is much smaller than that by the isolated spot cavitation. The total pitting rates at the maximum damage zone by the isolated and parallel spot cavitation vary roughly 5th power of the flow speed for the both cases

Electron Beam Lithography for Large Area Patterning 2: Exposure Characteristics of Electrodeposited Thick Resist

Exposure characteristics of a large field deflection electron beam lithography system have been examined. Thick film mainly composed of unsaturated acrylic resins and prepared by electrodeposition process is proposed as a resist available to large area patterning. It is proved that the 20 μm thick resist is very sensitive to 60 kV electron beam and has the threshold dosage of 2.0 x 10-7 C/cm2. The spatial contours of equienergy density deposited by electron beam in a 20 μm thick resist on a semi-infinite thick copper substrate are calculated by Monte Carlo simulation for a line source with a lateral beam profile described by Gaussian distribution. The comparison of Monte Carlo calculations with the experiment has led to conclusions that the line width of the electrodeposited resist is determined by the contour line corresponding to about 1.5 x 1019 eV/ cm3 and that line widths less than 100 μm can be obtained with high stability within a fluctuation of less than ±10% for the large scanning field of 52 mm x 52 mm

Management of Port Solid Waste Framework

One of contemporary environmental issues refers to \ud progressive and diverse generation of solid waste in urban areas or \ud specific, and requires solutions because the traditional methods of \ud treatment and disposal are becoming unviable over the years and, \ud consequently, a significant contingent of these wastes presents \ud final destination inappropriate. The diversity of solid waste \ud generated as a result of human activities must have the appropriate \ud allocation to specific legislation in force, such as landfill, \ud incineration, among other procedures established by the competent \ud bodies. Thus, also the waste generated in port activities or \ud proceeding vessels require classification and segregation for proper \ud disposal later. This article aims at presenting a methodology for the \ud collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of solid waste \ud port and also application of automation technology that makes \ud possible the implementation of the same

Technological model for tracking & monitoring brazilian beef supply chain

This paper addresses the issue of tracing the chain of Brazilian beef sector, which contributes\ud largely to the contents of Brazilian exports. In order to, scrutinize the issue of tracking applied to the sector,\ud were briefly raised the demands of domestic and foreign markets, highlighting the heterogeneity of the\ud international market. After, they were raised and briefly explained the main technological solutions currently\ud available. Armed with such data, solutions were proposed. The full adoption of the solutions indicated would\ud reduce the need for paper during the processes contained in the supply chain, streamline the exchange of\ud information securely, allowing the real-time tracking of the product during his trip to the importer, increasing,\ud in addition, the reliability the quality of Brazilian product

High Levels of Copper, Zinc, Iron and Magnesium, but not Calcium, in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Fahr's Disease

Patients with marked calcification of the basal ganglia and cerebellum have traditionally been referred to as having Fahr's disease, but the nomenclature has been criticized for including heterogeneous etiology. We describe 3 patients with idiopathic bilateral striatopallidodentate calcinosis (IBSPDC). The patients were a 24-year-old man with mental deterioration, a 57-year-old man with parkinsonism and dementia, and a 76-year-old woman with dementia and mild parkinsonism. The former 2 patients showed severe calcification of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, and the latter patient showed severe calcification of the cerebellum. We found significantly increased levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg), using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the CSF of all these 3 patients. The increased levels of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mg reflect the involvement of metabolism of several metals and/or metal-binding proteins during the progression of IBSPDC. More numerous patients with IBSPDC should be examined in other races to clarify the common mechanism of the disease and to investigate the specific treatment

恒久的な平和への取組みと市民社会の可能性 : 核廃絶に向けた70年の軌跡と今後

要旨...1 開会の言葉...4 趣旨説明...5 第Ⅰ部　核廃絶に向けた努力の軌跡 　The OSCE in the Ukrainian Crisis and Beyond...Ertuğrul Apakan...7 　核廃絶から遠ざかる世界 : 「大乱」時代の様相...河東哲夫...12 　核軍縮・不拡散問題の現状と我が国の政策...中村吉利...18 　核に頼るリスクと廃絶に向けた課題...友次晋介...25 基調講演／Keynote speech 　The Challenges to Global Peace And the Hiroshima Legacy...Surakiart Sathirathai...29 第Ⅱ部　市民社会の可能性とグローバルな平和への展望 　核兵器廃絶へ向けての市民社会のあり方...櫻井本篤...40 　市民社会の可能性はあるか : 女性の視点から...坂東眞理子...48 　Empowering Peace in the Twenty-first Century...Brian Finlay...53 　グローバルな時代に生き残るために...薬師寺克行...59 閉会の言葉...64 資料1　シンポジウム・ポスター...68 資料2　参加者アンケート結果...702015年度第1回広島大学平和科学研究センター主催国際シンポジウ

Curated genome annotation of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica and comparative genome analysis with Arabidopsis thaliana

We present here the annotation of the complete genome of rice Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica cultivar Nipponbare. All functional annotations for proteins and non-protein-coding RNA (npRNA) candidates were manually curated. Functions were identified or inferred in 19,969 (70%) of the proteins, and 131 possible npRNAs (including 58 antisense transcripts) were found. Almost 5000 annotated protein-coding genes were found to be disrupted in insertional mutant lines, which will accelerate future experimental validation of the annotations. The rice loci were determined by using cDNA sequences obtained from rice and other representative cereals. Our conservative estimate based on these loci and an extrapolation suggested that the gene number of rice is ~32,000, which is smaller than previous estimates. We conducted comparative analyses between rice and Arabidopsis thaliana and found that both genomes possessed several lineage-specific genes, which might account for the observed differences between these species, while they had similar sets of predicted functional domains among the protein sequences. A system to control translational efficiency seems to be conserved across large evolutionary distances. Moreover, the evolutionary process of protein-coding genes was examined. Our results suggest that natural selection may have played a role for duplicated genes in both species, so that duplication was suppressed or favored in a manner that depended on the function of a gene

Intracellular Trafficking of the Amyloid β-Protein Precursor (APP) Regulated by Novel Function of X11-Like

Background: Amyloid beta (A beta), a causative peptide of Alzheimer's disease, is generated by intracellular metabolism of amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP). In general, mature APP (mAPP, N- and O-glycosylated form) is subject to successive cleavages by alpha- or beta-, and gamma-secretases in the late protein secretory pathway and/or at plasma membrane, while immature APP (imAPP, N-glycosylated form) locates in the early secretory pathway such as endoplasmic reticulum or cis-Golgi, in which imAPP is not subject to metabolic cleavages. X11-like (X11L) is a neural adaptor protein composed of a phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) and two C-terminal PDZ domains. X11L suppresses amyloidogenic cleavage of mAPP by direct binding of X11L through its PTB domain, thereby generation of A beta lowers. X11L expresses another function in the regulation of intracellular APP trafficking. Methodology: In order to analyze novel function of X11L in intracellular trafficking of APP, we performed a functional dissection of X11L. Using cells expressing various domain-deleted X11L mutants, intracellular APP trafficking was examined along with analysis of APP metabolism including maturation (O-glycosylation), processing and localization of APP. Conclusions: X11L accumulates imAPP into the early secretory pathway by mediation of its C-terminal PDZ domains, without being bound to imAPP directly. With this novel function, X11L suppresses overall APP metabolism and results in further suppression of Ab generation. Interestingly some of the accumulated imAPP in the early secretory pathway are likely to appear on plasma membrane by unidentified mechanism. Trafficking of imAPP to plasma membrane is observed in other X11 family proteins, X11 and X11L2, but not in other APP-binding partners such as FE65 and JIP1. It is herein clear that respective functional domains of X11L regulate APP metabolism at multiple steps in intracellular protein secretory pathways