Submucosal electrocoagulation for prolapsed hemorrhoids:a new operative approach to hemorrhoidal varices

The results of submucosal electrocoagulation (SEC), a new radical operation for prolapsed hemorrhoids, in 403 patients with third- or fourth-degree hemorrhoids are reported. After resecting the anal skin tags that coexisted with prolapsed hemorrhoids, the hemorrhoidal varices could be resected and electrically coagulated through the wound without cutting the anal canal epithelium by using a fine needle-type electric knife. The results of this series indicated that SEC could dramatically reduce the incidence of the postoperative complications that sometimes occur after conventional hemorrhoid-ectomy, such as severe anal pain, massive anal bleeding and anal stenosis. Moreover, SEC could ensure that operated patients make an early return to social activities and have a satisfactory quality of life. Relapse of prolapsed hemorrhoids after SEC was rare

Comparison of Estimators in GLM with Binary Data

Maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) of regression parameters in the generalized linear models (GLM) are biased and their bias is non negligible when sample size is small. This study focuses on the GLM with binary data with multiple observations on response for each predictor value when sample size is small. The performance of the estimation methods in Cordeiro and McCullagh (1991), Firth (1993) and Pardo et al. (2005) are compared for GLM with binary data using an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study. Performance of these methods for three real data sets is also compared

Efeitos do praguicida amitraz no comportamento agressivo induzido pelo isolamento social em camundongos

Estudaram-se os efeitos do amitraz, um derivado formamidínico, no comportamento agressivo induzido pelo isolamento social em camundongos. Os resultados mostraram que o amitraz aumentou a latência para o primeiro ataque e diminuiu não somente a duração de briga como as freqüências de ataques entre esses animais. Estes resultados sugeriram que os efeitos do praguicida sobre o comportamento agressivo dos camundongos foram conseqüência de um efeito inibitório do mesmo sobre a atividade da enzima monoamina oxidase no Sistema Nervoso Central, e, conseqüentemente, de um aumento dos níveis cerebrais de serotonina.The effects of amitraz, a formamidine derivative on isolation-induced aggression were studied in mice. Results show that amitraz increased the latency to the first attack and increased not only the fight duration but also the frequencies of attacks and tail flickings. These results suggested that pesticide effects on aggressive behavior could be a consequence of it’s inhibitory effects on monoamine oxidase activity within the Central Nervous System, most probably through the increments it produces on serotonin levels

\u3cem\u3eϕ\u3c/em\u3e-Divergence Loss-Based Artificial Neural Network

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can fit non-linear functions and recognize patterns better than several standard techniques. Performance of ANNs is measured by using loss functions. Phi-divergence estimator is generalization of maximum likelihood estimator and it possesses all its properties. A neural network is proposed which is trained using phi-divergence loss

Detection of Bemisia tabaci Meam1 and Med cryptic species in Oklahoma

The agricultural importance of Oklahoma combined with the sheer efficiency of insect pests for virus transmission makes whiteflies and the viruses they transmit a recipe for economic losses in the agriculture sector. Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are small pests that quickly develop insecticide-resistance. Therefore, chemical control of infestations is difficult in affected crops i.e., pepper, sweet potatoes, cucumber, tomatoes, beans, hibiscus, etc. Two main cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci are reported to cause damage in the U.S, B. tabaci MEAM1 (Middle East Asia Minor 1, also called biotype B) and B. tabaci MED (Mediterranean, biotype Q). The two cryptic species transmit different viruses. Since minimal documentation is available for whiteflies in Oklahoma, insects were collected from different host plants in Stillwater, Oklahoma from August to October 2022. DNA was extracted and PCR was performed with primers that discriminate between MEAM1 and MED cryptic species. The partial mtCOI gene was also sequenced and a phylogenetic tree constructed. The results indicate the presence of MEAM 1 and MED cryptic species in Oklahoma. This is the first report of MED in Oklahoma. The correct identification of B. tabaci cryptic species contributes to structure management strategies, identifying the ecological niches, and pest movement.Entomology and Plant Patholog

Alterações clínicas e cardiopulmonares produzidas pelo envenenamento escorpiônico em cães

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Experimental envenomation with Crotalus durissus terrificus venom in dogs treated with antiophidic serum - part I: clinical evaluation, hematology and myelogram

The present study aimed at evaluating clinical and laboratory aspects during experimental envenomation by Crotalus durissus terrificus in dogs treated with antiophidic serum. Twenty-one dogs were divided into three groups of seven animals each. Group I received 1mg/kg venom (sc); Group II received 1mg/kg venom (sc), 50mg antiophidic serum (iv), and fluid therapy including 0.9% NaCl solution (iv); and Group III received 1mg/kg venom (sc), 50mg antiophidic serum (iv), and fluid therapy including 0.9% NaCl solution containing sodium bicarbonate diluted to the dose of 4mEq/kg. The clinical signs of ataxia, sedation, flaccid paralysis, mydriasis, eyeball paralysis, mandible ptosis, sialorrhea, vomiting and diarrhea observed in the dogs were very similar to those observed in humans. The decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, platelet and fibrinogen levels, prolongation of clotting time, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), as well as hypocellularity in the bone marrow characterized anemia, thrombocytopenia and blood incoagulability, as well as hypofibrinogenemia and decreased bone-marrow activity. Important bleeding was not observed. Increased numbers of leukocytes and neutrophils and decreased numbers of lymphocytes and eosinophils characterized an acute inflammatory response and stress caused by generalized pain. The employed antiophidic serum was effective and all animals survived