Reliability and Validity of the Mid-career Generalist Nurses Leadership Scale

The purpose of this study was to create a Mid-career Generalist Nurses Leadership Scale (MGNLS) and examine its reliability and validity. We created 54 MGNLS items based on interview data and a literature review. We asked 61 head nurses and 249 nurses in their first to fourth years of work at 15 hospitals to complete a questionnaire survey (N = 310). We then conducted exploratory factor analysis. The factor analysis revealed 33 MGNLS items and 6 factors (assertive transmission ability to examine problems, junior-centered growth support behavior, practice of workplace learning, challenge to change, collaboration and self-control ability, and reflection behavior as a leader). The reliability of the measure was ensured by confirming the internal consistency, and the concept of the structure was supported. The validity of the construct concept of the MGNLS was confirmed by examining the relationship between servant leadership and team leadership and by examining the impact of MGNLS score on a team member’s job satisfaction and teamwork. Thus, the data supported the reliability and validity of MGNLS.本研究成果の一部を第36回日本看護科学学会学術集会において発表しました。また，本研究は，平成25-27年文部科学省科学研究助成基盤研究C(2546338)を受けて実施しました

The Quality Control Assessment of Commercially Available Coenzyme Q10-Containing Dietary and Health Supplements in Japan

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been widely commercially available in Japan as a dietary and health supplement since 2001 and is used for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases induced by free radicals and aging. We evaluated CoQ10 supplements to ensure that these supplements can be used effectively and safely. Commercially available products were selected and assessed by the quality control tests specified in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia XV. When the disintegration time of CoQ10 supplements was measured, a few tested supplements did not completely disintegrate even after incubation in water for an hour at 37°C. In the content test, many samples were well controlled. However, a few supplements showed low recovery rates of CoQ10 as compared to manufacturer’s indicated contents. Among soft capsule and liquid supplements, the reduced form of CoQ10 (H2CoQ10), as well as the oxidized form, was detected by HPLC with electrochemical detector. The results for experimental formulated CoQ10 supplements demonstrated that H2CoQ10 was produced by the interaction of CoQ10 with vitamins E and/or C. From these results, we concluded that quality varied considerably among the many supplement brands containing CoQ10. Additionally, we also demonstrated that H2CoQ10 can be detected in some foods as well as in CoQ10 supplements

Long-Term Optical Continuum Color Variability of Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei

We examine whether the spectral energy distribution of optical continuum emission of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) changes during flux variation, based on accurate and frequent monitoring observations of 11 nearby Seyfert galaxies and QSOs carried out in the B, V, and I bands for seven years by the MAGNUM telescope. The multi-epoch flux data in any two different bands obtained on the same night show a very tight linear flux to flux relationship for all target AGNs. The flux of the host galaxy within the photometric aperture is carefully estimated by surface brightness fitting to available high-resolution HST images and MAGNUM images. The flux of narrow emission lines in the photometric bands is also estimated from available spectroscopic data. We find that the non-variable component of the host galaxy plus narrow emission lines for all target AGNs is located on the fainter extension of the linear regression line of multi-epoch flux data in the flux to flux diagram. This result strongly indicates that the spectral shape of AGN continuum emission in the optical region does not systematically change during flux variation. The trend of spectral hardening that optical continuum emission becomes bluer as it becomes brighter, which has been reported by many studies, is therefore interpreted as the domination of the variable component of the nearly constant spectral shape of an AGN as it brightens over the non-variable component of the host galaxy plus narrow lines, which is usually redder than AGN continuum emission.Comment: 47 pages, 29 figures, AASTeX, Accepted for publication in Ap

トクシマ コウエン トクシマ チュウオウ コウエン ノ ゾウエン セッケイ ニツイテ : ヒビヤ コウエン オヨビ ザイファースドルフジョウ トノ ヒカク

Tokushima Park (originally named Tokushima Central Park) is the Japan’s second western-style park that was opened in 1906. We investigated landscape architecture of Tokushima Park based on a blueprint made in 1905 to understand its purpose and function of the park, and compared with Hibiya Park that is the Japan’s first western-style park. Tokushima Park consisted of five areas. The central area included Mt. Shiroyama (Castle Mountain), and primeval forest was protected without allowing to make a big building within the area. A commercial museum, an athletic field, and a botanical garden and a library were placed in the southern, western and eastern areas respectively, so that each area was designed to exhibit each function. Tokushima Park and Hibiya Park were designed by the same two persons Seiroku Honda and Takanori Hongo. The two parks were equipped with a wide road, an athletic field, a botanical garden and so on, and these facilities were adopted to the park made since them. Because Seiroku Honda adopted three design drawings of German parks from the book Gärtnerisches Planzeichnen into a blueprint of Hibiya Park, we investigated the book to ascertain whether any design drawing was also used in Tokushima Park. We found that Seifersdorf Castle, the castle of count Brühl that was built at Seifersdorf in Germany in 13th century, is similar to the southern area of Tokushima Park

Japanese undergraduate nursing students with international exchange experience anticipate a probability of providing care to foreign nationals as a nurse

Aim : This study was performed to examine the association between nursing students’ knowledge and interest regarding foreign resident medical health challenges and experience of international exchange as part of an evaluation of global health educational programs.Methods: An anonymous self-administered structured questionnaire survey was conducted among 78 nursing students in their 4th year of study at a university in August 2015. The questionnaire elicited responses related to knowledge and interest regarding foreign residents’ medical health challenges in Japan, likelihood of caring for foreign nationals as nurses, and experience related to international exchange.Results: Among68（91.9%） study　participants, 23（33.8%） responded they were aware of medical health　challenges of foreign residents. There were significant differences in knowledge and interest scores regarding　foreign residents’ medical health challenges according to experience of international exchange　（Mann?Whitney U test, P=0.003）. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between level of interest　regarding foreign residents’ medical health challenges in Japan, as measured using a visual analog　scale（ VAS）, and international exchange experience score was 0.315（P=0.009）.Conclusions: The majority of nursing students understood the likelihood of caring for foreign nationals　in medical health service provision, although they did not have interest in the associated issues. Nursing　students that participated in international exchange tended to show greater interest in international/global issues, including foreign residents’ medical health challenges