Investor behavior & fundamental analysis: a case of Karachi stock exchange investor's

The current study hypothesized the investor behaviors with stock market fundamental analysis. Thus, the study used convinance and simple random sampling for data acquisition and study has used descriptive, correlation regression and combined effect t tests to interpret the data. And have concluded that facets of investor behavior i-e overconfidence, optimism, involvement and risk behavior has significant relation with stock market fundamental analysis. Hence, study concluded its finding up to historic investigations

Financial reporting regime & financial statements antecedents banking sector case of Pakistan

The current study hypothesized the significant correlation of financial reporting regime with financial statements ingredients. Study used connivance sampling technique for data acquisition have employed separate and combined descriptive test, Hosmer & Lemeshow test and binary logistic test for interpretation. Thus, the study revealed its significant correlation with historic investigations. While, more systematic work is required because of time, resources and potential constraints limited findings are concluded

Classification of Water using Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System

The basic reason to conduct the research and state the problems regarding the contaminated water is to highlight the basic elements that should be available in water and some that are not, to a ratio that the water is declared safe for drinking. To do so we will keep account of the basic elements in water, odor, taste, hardness, pH level and color of water by following the guidelines given by World Health Organization (WHO) and researches conducted in past on the safe drinking water in Pakistan. Our basic objective is to conclude these mention factors are either in the range of safety parameters or not and also set some of the parameter on which the previous researches in Pakistan are lacking. In past researches the methods used to calculate the values of water were manual but for our research we will use significant software tool for calculations because we want zero tolerance in the output values of elements in the water up to the safety level . The method proposed for this type of research is Fuzzification to calculate the values and measurements of the proposed problem. In this research we areusing our computer science expertise combined with mathematical knowledge to provide the solution and these things that set our project apart

Diagnosis Health Effects of Pollution Produced by Coal Power Plants Using Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System

Coal Power Plants emit harmful products which pose potentially large risk to human health and the environment. Coal-fired power plant are source of nitrogen oxide, airborne fly ash and Sulphur. In substantially less attentions has been paid to detect the effect of these toxic elements present in coal pollution on the human health. In this Article, Fuzzy System (FS) is proposed to detect the Health effects of pollution produced by coal power plants. The proposed DHEPCPP-FS Smart System can categorize the different Health effects of pollution produced by coal power plants. The Proposed DHEPCPP-MFIS Expert System has six input variables at layer. The input variables are Carbon monoxide (CO). Black carbon, Nitrogen dioxide (NO ), Sulfur dioxide (SO ), Heavy metals and Black smoke which produce output condition of health like Lungs problem, Heart problem or Cancer. This paper also present an scrutiny of the results achieved by using Proposed DHEPCPP-MFIS Expert System ascertain effects of pollution on health produced by coal power plants processes with the medical expert opinion and researches conducted in the past

Moderating Effect of Brand Awareness on Country of Origin and Brand Equity: A Case of DG-Khan & Rajan Pur Districts

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between country of origin and brand equity by incorporating moderating factor as brand awareness. The data is collected from consumers markets by using questionnaire. Thus, the study revealed significant relationship among country of origin and brand equity. Thus, brand awareness as moderator is also found significant between country of origin and brand equity. Keywords: Brand Awareness, Brand Equity, Country of Origin, Questionnaire, Moderated, Significan

Potential role of gut microbiota in induction and regulation of innate immune memory

The gut microbiota significantly regulates the development and function of the innate and adaptive immune system. The attribute of immunological memory has long been linked only with adaptive immunity. Recent evidence indicates that memory is also present in the innate immune cells such as monocytes/macrophages and natural killer cells. These cells exhibit pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs) expressed by the microbes. Interaction between PRRs and MAMPs is quite crucial since it triggers the sequence of signaling events and epigenetic rewiring that not only play a cardinal role in modulating the activation and function of the innate cells but also impart a sense of memory response. We discuss here how gut microbiota can influence the generation of innate memory and functional reprogramming of bone marrow progenitors that helps in protection against infections. This article will broaden our current perspective of association between the gut microbiome and innate memory. In the future, this knowledge may pave avenues for development and designing of novel immunotherapies and vaccination strategies

Exploring the Indigenous Remedies for Maternal Health in South Punjab

Culture influences every aspect of life including health. This study investigates the traditional indigenous remedies for maternal health in South Punjab, providing insight into prevailing attitudes and customs within the local populations. The study investigates the use of herbal medications, adherence to traditional guidance, and the involvement of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) in maternal care. For this purpose, the phenomenological research design was used to conduct qualitative research in the district Rajanpur of South Punjab. In-depth interviews were conducted with six TBAs and three spiritual healers which were selected through snowball sampling. Data was analyzed through thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti software. The persisting belief in the authenticity of herbal treatments is prevalent in the local community, supported by socio-cultural values. The study highlights the essential contribution of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) in delivering psychological, emotional, and healthcare assistance. In addition, spiritual and religious healers have a prominent role, emphasizing belief-based techniques. The conclusion recommends strategies to enhance knowledge, integrate indigenous practices with contemporary medical techniques, and engage people in comprehensive healthcare

Transformational leadership and employee voice for product and process innovation in SMEs

Purpose – This study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on the innovation ofsmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) through employee voice behaviors. Drawing from the upper echelontheory, it is hypothesized that employee voice is the mediating mechanism through which transformationalleadership affects the process and product innovation in SMEs.Design/methodology/approach – Data was collected from 169 SMEs of Pakistan through an onlineself-administered questionnaire. The proposed hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structuralequation modeling (PLS-SEM).Findings – Findings confirm that transformational leadership positively affects both process and productinnovation in SMEs and employee voice behavior mediates between these relationships.Originality/value – This research contributes to both theoretical and practical domains by providingevidence that encouraging employees to raise their voice positively impacts product and process innovationand transformational leadership is a potential organizational factor to shape employee voice and process andproduct innovation. To the best knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the mediating role ofemployee voice between transformational leadership and process and product innovation in SMEs anddeveloping country’s context

Impact of Firm Specific Factors on Credit Risk: A Case of Karachi Stock Exchange

The current study aims to explore the relationship of firm’s specific factors i-e profitability, ROA, leverage and bank size on credit risk. The population of the study consists of manufacturing sector of Pakistan. The sample of study is cement sector of Pakistan. The sample units are 22 and listed at Karachi stocks exchange. The multivariate regression analysis is used to test the data of sample. The study revealed negative significant relationship of all firm specific factors with credit risk in Pakistan. Thus, the study supported historic investigations regarding credit risk. Keywords: Profitability, ROA, leverage, Firm Size, Credit Risk, Cement Sector, Multivariate Regression

Impact of firm specific factors on credit risk: a case of Karachi stock exchange

The current study aims to explore the relationship of firm’s specific factors i-e profitability, ROA, leverage and bank size on credit risk. The population of the study consists of manufacturing sector of Pakistan. The sample of study is cement sector of Pakistan. The sample units are 22 and listed at Karachi stocks exchange. The multivariate regression analysis is used to test the data of sample. The study revealed negative significant relationship of all firm specific factors with credit risk in Pakistan. Thus, the study supported historic investigations regarding credit risk