The Role Seemingly of Amorphous Silica Gel Layers in Chiral Separations by Planar Chromatography

In planar chromatography, silica gel appears as the most frequently used adsorbent. Its preference as planar chromatographic stationary phase is due to its high specific surface area (ca. 700 m2 g-1) and relatively simple active sites (silanol groups, Si-OH). The high specific surface area of silica gel and a high density of coverage of its surface with the silanol active sites contribute jointly to an excellent separation performance of this adsorbent. In our experiments on chiral separation of the enantiomer pairs by planar chromatography, contradictory behavior of the silica gel layers versus the chiral compounds was observed. The migration tracks of chiral compounds in the ascending planar chromatographic mode were not vertical but bent on either side being a function of analyte chirality. This deviation of the analyte’s migration track was noticed, when using the densitometric scanner to quantify the respective chromatograms. In order to confirm the hypothesis as to the microcrystalline nature of silica gel used in liquid chromatography, it was further investigated through circular dichroism (CD) and the data thereof confirmed that the ‘chromatographic’ silica gels are not amorphous but microcrystalline, contributing to the (partial) horizontal enantioseparation of the antimer pairs. This paper summarizes the results of our investigation on the microcrystalline nature of silica gels used in planar chromatography and their impact on enantioseparation of the selected pairs of antimers

Liquid chromatographic investigation of spontaneous oscillatory in vitro chiral conversion and spontaneous oscillatory condensation of simple carboxylic acids in aqueous and nonaqueous media

Oscillatory reactions are a narrow reaction type among the entity of chemical reactions and those involving purely organic compounds make a small contribution to an overall number of all known oscillatory reactions. The most abundant type is purely inorganic and mixed inorganic-organic oxidation-reduction reactions, basically because monitoring them is relatively easy (e.g., with use of potentiometric measurements). Investigation of the organic reactions can be more demanding, and then chromatography is an analytical technique of choice. In this paper, we provide an overview of chromatographic evidence with oscillatory reactions discovered in our laboratory in the course of the last several years that involve the low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids (profen drugs, amino acids, and hydroxy acids). The investigated processes comprise the oscillatory chiral conversion and the oscillatory condensation, spontaneously running in the aqueous and nonaqueous abiotic media, and they were traced with use of TLC and HPLC coupled with different detector types

Oromandibular Dysfunction Among Dental Students

The aim of the study was to determine frequency of oromandibular dysfunction among dental students. A total of 186 second and third year students (131 women and 55 men) aged 19-31 years (M=23) were examined, using the Gerber System instrumental technique. Oromandibular dysfunction was diagnosed according to IHS and AAOP criteria. T-TH was found in 58% of students, occlusal parafunction in 58%, non-occlusal parafunction in 84%. Tooth numbness occurred in 20% of subjects, masticatory muscle soreness on palpation in 28%, muscle hypertrophy in 14%. TMJ acoustic sounds were noticed in 55% of students, TMJ pain in 31%, limited mandibular movement while opening the mouth in 37%. All students examined had premature occlusal contacts, they were asymmetric in 98%. Oromandibular dysfunction was diagnosed in 79%, 21% of which had 6 or more dysfunction signs and symptoms, 19% had only one or two of them. The Eysenck personality questionnaire, additionally used in the study, revealed different types of personalities among students. Conclusion: Oromandibular dysfunction symptoms were observed in most ofstudents. They should be associated with school induced stress and not with the personality type of the subjects examined

Папулярныя прозвішчы жыхароў Гайнаўскага павета на пачатку ХХІ ст.

The aim of the article is to describe popular surnames of the residents of the Hajnowka district in the early 21st  century. The object of analysis is the surnames that, with regard to the number of their bearers, occupy the 20th to 40th position. The following surnames have been analyzed: Pawluczuk, Sawczuk, Sacharczuk, Wołkowycki, Sadowski, Gawryluk, Leoniuk, Oniszczuk, Daniluk, Jakoniuk, Niczyporuk, Jakubowski, Fiedoruk, Jakimiuk, Androsiuk, Sajewicz, Ostaszewski, Roszczenko, Romańczuk, Sidoruk.The surnames are described according to the following patterns:a) dialectal pronunciation of the surname,b) the number of bearers of the surname in Poland,c) the distribution of the surname,d) populations of bearers of the surname in the Podlaskie voivodeship,e) larger populations of the surname bearers outside of the Podlaskie voivodeship,f) the number of the surname bearers in the Hajnowka district,g) the percentage of the surname bearers in the Hajnowka district compared to the whole country,h) the position of the Hajnowka district in Poland with regard to the number of bearers of the surname,i) probable etymologies and motivations of the surname,j) cognate surnames.A separate publication was devoted to the most popular names in the Hajnowka district in the early 21st century, where the author described 20 anthroponyms.The analysis of the anthroponymic material shows that the surname system of the Hajnowka district residents has largely preserved its traditional East Slavic character. The prevailing ones here are patronymic surnames, predominant in the East Slavic areas, which are related to names of Greek origin. This system contains features typical of individual East Slavic languages and of the Polish language, which played a significant role in its formation. Celem artykułu jest opis popularnych nazwisk mieszkańców powiatu hajnowskiego na początku XXI wieku. Przedmiotem analizy są nazwiska, które pod względem liczby ich nosicieli uplasowały się w tym powiecie na 20–40 miejscu. Analizie poddano następujące nazwiska: Pawluczuk, Sawczuk, Sacharczuk, Wołkowycki, Sadowski, Gawryluk, Leoniuk, Oniszczuk, Daniluk, Jakoniuk, Niczyporuk, Jakubowski, Fiedoruk, Jakimiuk, Androsiuk, Sajewicz, Ostaszewski, Roszczenko, Romańczuk, Sidoruk.Nazwiska opisano według następującego schematu:a) wymowa gwarowa nazwiska,b) liczba nosicieli nazwiska w kraju,c) zasięg nazwiska,d) skupiska nosicieli nazwiska w województwie podlaskim,e) większe skupiska nosicieli nazwiska poza województwem podlaskim,f) liczba nosicieli nazwiska w powiecie hajnowskim,g) odsetek nosicieli nazwiska w powiecie hajnowskim na tle ogólnopolskim,h) miejsce powiatu hajnowskiego w kraju pod względem liczby nosicieli nazwiska,i) prawdopodobne etymologie i motywacje nazwiska,j) nazwiska pokrewne.Nazwiskom najbardziej popularnym w powiecie hajnowskim na początku XXI wieku autor poświęcił  odrębną publikację, w którym dokonał opisu 20 antroponimów.Analiza materiału antroponimicznego wykazała, że system nazwiskowy mieszkańców powiatu hajnowskiego w znacznym stopniu zachował tradycyjny wschodniosłowiański charakter. Dominują tu przeważające na obszarach wschodniosłowiańskich nazwiska patronimiczne, nawiązujące do imion pochodzenia greckiego. System ten zawiera cechy właściwe poszczególnym językom wschodniosło­wiańskim, a także językowi polskiemu, który odegrał znaczącą rolę w jego formowaniu się.Мэтай даследавання быў аналіз папулярных прозвішчаў жыхароў Гайнаўскага павета на пачатку XXI cт. Прадметам даследавання зʼяўляліся прозвішчы, якія паводле колькасці носьбітаў займалі на тэрыторыі гэтага павета 20–40 месцы. Праведзены аналіз датычыў наступных прозвішчаў: Pawluczuk, Sawczuk, Sacharczuk, Wołkowycki, Sadowski, Gawryluk, Leoniuk, Oniszczuk, Daniluk, Jakoniuk, Niczyporuk, Jakubowski, Fiedoruk, Jakimiuk, Androsiuk, Sajewicz, Ostaszewski, Roszczenko, Romańczuk, Sidoruk.Прозвішчы былі апісаны паводле наступнай схемы:a) вымаўленне прозвішча ў мясцовай гаворцы,b) колькасць носьбітаў прозвішча ў краіне,c) распаўсюджанне прозвішча,d) сканцэнтраванне носьбітаў прозвішча ў Падляшскім ваяводстве,e) прысутнасць носьбітаў прозвішча па-за межамі Падляшскага ваяводства,f) колькасць носьбітаў прозвішча ў Гайнаўскім павеце,g) адсотак носьбітаў прозвішча ў Гайнаўскім павеце на фоне агульнай колькасці ў Польшчы,h) месца Гайнаўскага павета ў краіне паводле колькасці носьбітаў прозвішча,i) праўдападобная этымалогія i матывацыя прозвішча,j) роднасныя прозвішчы.Найбольш папулярным прозвішчам ў Гайнаўскім павеце на пачатку XXI ст. аўтар прысвяціў асобны артыкул, у якім апісаў 20 антрапонімаў.Дадзены аналіз антрапонімаў паказаў, што сістэма прозвішчаў жыхароў Гайнаўскага павета захавала ў значнай ступені свой традыцыйны ўсходнеславянскі характар. Ёй характэрныя патранімічныя прозвішчы, якія пераважаюць на ўсходнеславянскіх тэрыторыях і якія ўзніклі ад імён грэчаскага паходжання. Гэтая сістэма ўвабрала ў сябе рысы ўласцівыя асобным усходнеславянскім мовам, а таксама польскай мове, якая адыграла значную ролю ў яе фарміраванні.

Imiennictwo męskie miasta Kleszczele i okolic na Podlasiu w połowie XVI stulecia

The land survey records made in 1560 in Kleszczele by S. Dziewiałtowski list over 600 owners of plots and land in the town and in the five neighboring villages-suburbs. At that time surnames were comparatively rare, therefore the records usually listed the first name and nicknames of the owner of land. The land survey records of 1560 are the excellent and earliest source of information about anthroponyms of the 16th-century inhabitants of Kleszczele and the surrounding villages, in particular about their first names and nicknames, and about the beginnings of the development of the local surname system. The purpose of the present study is to describe male first-name forms used by the inhabitants of the town of Kleszczele and its suburbs in the mid-16th century. The overwhelming majority were the folk equivalents of Orthodox first names, less often of Catholic ones. These forms developed as a result of transformations in the structure of canonical first names, aiming to adjust them to the language system of the local Ukrainian dialects. The canonical forms of first names, most often originating from Greek, Hebrew and Latin, were usually transformed as a result of far-reaching truncations (initial, medial, and final) and additions of appropriate derivational morphemes. The two procedures were frequently used at the same time.Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polski

Investigation of spontaneous non-linear peptidization dynamics and mechanism with selected [alpha]-amino acid pairs

The goal of this study was to provide experimental evidence on the dynamics and mechanism of spontaneous oscillatory peptidization in an abiotic system with three a-amino acid pairs (L-Met-L-Ser, L-His-L-Thr, and L-Cys-L-Phg), and to discuss these data in the context of an earlier established theoretical model. For each individual a-amino acid in a monocomponent and binary system, the dynamics of peptidization was traced with aid of the high performance liquid chromatograph with the evaporative light scattering detector. As an auxiliary technique, mass spectrometry (MS) was employed to scrutinize structures of the resulting peptides. With L-Met-L-Ser and L-His-L-Thr, the dynamics of one amino acid (L-Met and L-Thr, respectively) dominated over that of its counterpart. With LCys- L-Phg, no such predominance of the dynamics of one a-amino acid over that of its counterpart was observed. Mass spectrometric results confirmed the formation of heteropeptides with each investigated a-amino acid pair. With L-Met-L-Ser, L-His- L-Thr, and L-Cys-L-Phg, synchronization of the oscillatory behavior in the binary systems was observed, witnessing to mutual cross-catalysis of the two counterparts, assumed by case 4 of the theoretical model

Profesor Michał Łesiów (03.05.1928 – 15.07.2016)

Biogram przedstawia dokonania i osiągnięcia niedawno zmarłego Profesora Michała Łesiowa - wybitnego językoznawcy, jednego z twórców slawistyki lubelskiej (UMCS, KUL), autora ponad 10 książek, 500 artykułów naukowych i popularnonaukowych oraz kilkuset publikacji publicystycznych, które Profesor poświęcił głównie językowi ukraińskiemu i polsko-ukraińskim związkom językowym i kulturowym. Biogram przedstawia także bogatą  działalność dydaktyczna, organizacyjną, społeczną i kulturalną Profesora.

Uric acid in the surface waters of Spitsbergen and its role in the dissolution processes which affect carbonate rocks

Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography, concentrations of uric acid in the surface waters of two non−glaciated catchments (Fugle and Dynamisk) on Spitsbergen were measured. Measurements of specific conductivity enabled us to perform tests on the dissolution of the carbonate rocks present in both catchments in both natural and aqueous solutions of uric acid. Samples of calcium urate were made and its water solubility deter− mined. Given a knowledge of concentrations of uric acid, calcium ions and calcium urate solubility product, an estimate of the role of uric acid in the dissolution of carbonate rocks was possible. Uric acid increases the dissolution of carbonate rocks by c. 12.5% in case of the Fugle catchment and 7% in Dynamisk