256 research outputs found
Scalar meson mediated nuclear mu-e conversion
We study the nuclear mu-e conversion in the general framework of the
effective Lagrangian approach without referring to any specific realization of
the physics beyond the standard model (SM) responsible for lepton flavor
violation (LFV). We analyze the role of scalar meson exchange between the
lepton and nucleon currents and show its relevance for the coherent channel of
mu-e conversion. We show that this mechanism introduces modifications in the
predicted mu-e conversion rates in comparison with the conventional direct
nucleon mechanism, based on the contact type interactions of the nucleon
currents with the LFV leptonic current. We derive from the experimental data
lower limits on the mass scales of the generic LFV lepton-quark contact terms
and demonstrate that they are more stringent than the similar limits existing
in the literature.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur
Scalar form-factor of the proton with light-cone QCD sum rules
In this article, we calculate the scalar form-factor of the proton in the
framework of the light-cone QCD sum rules approach with the three valence quark
light-cone distribution amplitudes up to twist-6, and observe the scalar
form-factor at intermediate and large momentum transfers has significant contributions from the end-point (or soft) terms. The
numerical values for the are compatible with the calculations
from the chiral quark model and lattice QCD at the region .Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, revised versio
Updated analysis of meson-nucleon sigma terms in the perturbative chiral quark model
We present an updated analysis of meson-baryon sigma terms in the
perturbative chiral quark model, which is based on effective chiral Lagrangian.
The new feature concerns the inclusion of excited states in the quark
propagator. Its influence on meson loops is shown to lead in particular for the
pion-nucleon sigma term to an enhancement relevant for the current evaluation
of this quantity. We also determine various flavor combinations of the scalar
nucleon form factors and their respective low-momentum transfer limits.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys Rev
The Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rule revisited
The Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rule is used to extract the pion-nucleon
coupling constant from experimental N information. Chiral perturbation
theory is exploited in relating the pionic hydrogen s-wave level shift and
width results to the appropriate scattering lengths. The deduced value for the
coupling is , where the largest source of uncertainty is
the determination of the s-wave scattering length from the atomic
level shift measurement.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. v2: Revised the second last paragraph of 5th
section and clarified the electromagnetic corrections (Tromborg vs.
PT). Also removed the KH80 slope from the fig.
On the estimate of the sigma^(I = 1)_(KN)(0)-term value from the energy level shift of kaonic hydrogen in the ground state
Using the experimental data on the energy level shift of kaonic hydrogen in
the ground state (the DEAR Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 212302 (2005))
and the theoretical value of the energy level shift, calculated within the
phenomenological quantum field theoretic approach to the description of strong
low-energy anti-K N and anti-K NN interactions developed at Stefan Meyer
Institut fuer subatomare Physik in Vienna, we estimate the value of the
sigma^(I = 1)_(KN)(0)-term of low-energy anti-K N scattering. We get sigma^(I =
1)_(KN)(0) = (433 +/- 85) MeV. This testifies the absence of strange quarks in
the proton structure.Comment: 7 pages, no figure
Neutrino Fluxes from CMSSM LSP Annihilations in the Sun
We evaluate the neutrino fluxes to be expected from neutralino LSP
annihilations inside the Sun, within the minimal supersymmetric extension of
the Standard Model with supersymmetry-breaking scalar and gaugino masses
constrained to be universal at the GUT scale (the CMSSM). We find that there
are large regions of typical CMSSM planes where the LSP
density inside the Sun is not in equilibrium, so that the annihilation rate may
be far below the capture rate. We show that neutrino fluxes are dependent on
the solar model at the 20% level, and adopt the AGSS09 model of Serenelli et
al. for our detailed studies. We find that there are large regions of the CMSSM
planes where the capture rate is not dominated by
spin-dependent LSP-proton scattering, e.g., at large along the CMSSM
coannihilation strip. We calculate neutrino fluxes above various threshold
energies for points along the coannihilation/rapid-annihilation and focus-point
strips where the CMSSM yields the correct cosmological relic density for
tan(beta) = 10 and 55 for > 0, exploring their sensitivities to
uncertainties in the spin-dependent and -independent scattering matrix
elements. We also present detailed neutrino spectra for four benchmark models
that illustrate generic possibilities within the CMSSM. Scanning the
cosmologically-favored parts of the parameter space of the CMSSM, we find that
the IceCube/DeepCore detector can probe at best only parts of this parameter
space, notably the focus-point region and possibly also at the low-mass tip of
the coannihilation strip.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures. v2: updated/expanded discussion of
IceCube/DeepCor
Gyromagnetic Factors and Atomic Clock Constraints on the Variation of Fundamental Constants
We consider the effect of the coupled variations of fundamental constants on
the nucleon magnetic moment. The nucleon g-factor enters into the
interpretation of the measurements of variations in the fine-structure
constant, alpha, in both the laboratory (through atomic clock measurements) and
in astrophysical systems (e.g. through measurements of the 21 cm transitions).
A null result can be translated into a limit on the variation of a set of
fundamental constants, that is usually reduced to alpha. However, in specific
models, particularly unification models, changes in alpha are always
accompanied by corresponding changes in other fundamental quantities such as
the QCD scale, Lambda_QCD. This work tracks the changes in the nucleon
g-factors induced from changes in Lambda_QCD and the light quark masses. In
principle, these coupled variations can improve the bounds on the variation of
alpha by an order of magnitude from existing atomic clock and astrophysical
measurements. Unfortunately, the calculation of the dependence of g-factors on
fundamental parameters is notoriously model-dependent.Comment: 35 pages, 3 figures. Discussions of the effects of the polarization
of the non-valence nucleons, spin-spin interaction and nuclear radius on the
nuclear g-factor are added. References added. Matches published versio
PyCOOL - a Cosmological Object-Oriented Lattice code written in Python
There are a number of different phenomena in the early universe that have to
be studied numerically with lattice simulations. This paper presents a graphics
processing unit (GPU) accelerated Python program called PyCOOL that solves the
evolution of scalar fields in a lattice with very precise symplectic
integrators. The program has been written with the intention to hit a sweet
spot of speed, accuracy and user friendliness. This has been achieved by using
the Python language with the PyCUDA interface to make a program that is easy to
adapt to different scalar field models. In this paper we derive the symplectic
dynamics that govern the evolution of the system and then present the
implementation of the program in Python and PyCUDA. The functionality of the
program is tested in a chaotic inflation preheating model, a single field
oscillon case and in a supersymmetric curvaton model which leads to Q-ball
production. We have also compared the performance of a consumer graphics card
to a professional Tesla compute card in these simulations. We find that the
program is not only accurate but also very fast. To further increase the
usefulness of the program we have equipped it with numerous post-processing
functions that provide useful information about the cosmological model. These
include various spectra and statistics of the fields. The program can be
additionally used to calculate the generated curvature perturbation. The
program is publicly available under GNU General Public License at
https://github.com/jtksai/PyCOOL . Some additional information can be found
from http://www.physics.utu.fi/tiedostot/theory/particlecosmology/pycool/ .Comment: 23 pages, 12 figures; some typos correcte
Comprehensive feature selection for classifying the treatment outcome of high-intensity ultrasound therapy in uterine fibroids
The study aim was to utilise multiple feature selection methods in order to select the most important parameters from clinical patient data for high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment outcome classification in uterine fibroids. The study was retrospective using patient data from 66 HIFU treatments with 89 uterine fibroids. A total of 39 features were extracted from the patient data and 14 different filter-based feature selection methods were used to select the most informative features. The selected features were then used in a support vector classification (SVC) model to evaluate the performance of these parameters in predicting HIFU therapy outcome. The therapy outcome was defined as non-perfused volume (NPV) ratio in three classes: 80%. The ten most highly ranked features in order were: fibroid diameter, subcutaneous fat thickness, fibroid volume, fibroid distance, Funaki type I, fundus location, gravidity, Funaki type III, submucosal fibroid type and urinary symptoms. The maximum F1-micro classification score was 0.63 using the top ten features from Mutual Information Maximisation (MIM) and Joint Mutual Information (JMI) feature selection methods. Classification performance of HIFU therapy outcome prediction in uterine fibroids is highly dependent on the chosen feature set which should be determined prior using different classifiers
In-medium meson properties and field transformations
Since the existing calculations of the effective meson mass in nuclear medium
involve approximations, it is important to examine whether they satisfy the
general requirement of the equivalence theorem that the physical observables
should be independent of the choice of field variables. We study here
consequences of nucleon field transformations. As an illustrative case we
consider the in-medium effective pion mass calculated for the s-wave
pion-nucleon interaction in the linear density approximation. We demonstrate
that it is necessary to include the Born term explicitly in order that the
effective pion mass should obey the equivalence theorem.Comment: 10 pages, using RevTeX4. More detailed discussion, references added.
To be published in Phys. Rev.
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