Freeze-Drying Spermatozoa as an Alternative Method for Rescuing Genetic Material of Animal

Cryopreservation is one of the commonly methods used in spermatozoa preservation in which sperm is frozen and stored in the container of liquid nitrogen. The frozen sperm is still motile after thawing, so it is possible to use it in both artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization to produce an embryo. However, this technique needs a continuous supply of liquid nitrogen and a container as a place to store the frozen sperm. The advanced technique in microinjection has led the possibility of using immotile sperm to fertilize oocyte. Therefore, the sperm preservation method may be simplified because the motility of sperm has not been taken into consideration in fertilization compared to the previous method. Freeze-drying sperm is the proposed method in which the sperm is frozen and sublimated using freeze-drying machine to produce freeze-dried sperm. The freeze-dried sperm might be stored in room temperature or in refrigerator. Several reports have claimed that freeze-dried sperm is not motile but it still has capability to fertilize oocyte, even produces offspring, because its DNA remains intact.   Key words: Cryopreservation, freeze-drying, sperm, oocyt

Working with Plantation Communities: a Reflection of Social Issues

The plantation industry in Malaysia is aggressively expanding over the past decade driven by global demands for palm oil as a food staple and more recently bio fuels. The rapid growth in the industry is heavily dependent upon high labour and workforce. Such intensity has carried out social impact on the communities including plantation workers, small holders and their dependents. Therefore, this paper will outline what appear to be never ending issues impetus social problems. Ethnic conflict, fighting, gambling, alcohol abuses are only a few issues that call for immediate multi-action plan from all involved stakeholders. Those issues can be the causes as well as the effects. The contributing factors form a chain reaction to the whole social dynamics in the plantations climate. The main aim is hence to breach the gap between industries, practitioners, and academicians in order to develop the competencies of the next generation social workers. They can play their roles in tackling the social issues, taking into account the different contexts and environment. Keywords: Social issues, Plantations, Estate communities, Cause and Effec

Study of the red cell indices, hemogram and platelet variations in anaemic (

Background: Anemia is not a disease but it is the expression of underlying diseases and from the treatment point of view, it is necessary to identify the cause of anemia. The definition of anemia is as decrease in the number of red blood cells or the decreased percentage of hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia is such an important issue affecting a large population in India as well as worldwide, Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the red cell indices, haemogram and study the relation of platelet count with anaemia in anaemic (<10gm%) patients by automatic cell counter in Vikhe Patil Medical hospital.Methods: It was a prospective cross-sectional study. The sample size of research project was 100 patients, included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: In present study, equal numbers of patients suffer from macrocytic normochromic anemia and hyperchromic anemia, that is, 8 patients of each. Out of 100 patients, 61% patients showed decreased platelet count. Maximum percentage of anaemic patients showed decreased platelet count in the range of 2.5-1.5 lakhs. Least percentage of patients (16%) showed platelet count less than 0.5 lakhs/cmm3.Conclusions: Screening for anaemia, treatment of anaemic women, and availability and use of food fortification (wheat flour with iron and folic acid), milk, sugar and salt with iron to build long term iron stores remains the key to reduce anemia in adolescent and pregnant women. Consumption of cheap iron-rich foodstuffs should be promoted. Effective poverty alleviation and hookworm prevention programs are also important

UV VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DASATINIB IN BULK AND SOLID DOSAGE FORM

Objective: A new, simple, sensitive, precise, reproducible UV visible spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of Dasatinib in Tablet dosage form with­­­ methanol. Methods: The method is based on the formation of a colorlesscomplex. The UV spectrum of Dasatinib in methanol showed maximum wavelength at 248 nm. Beer’s law is valid in the concentration range of 7-35µg/ml. this method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, assay, ruggedness and robustness. Results: The method has demonstrated excellent linearity over the range of 7-35µg/ml with the regression equation y = 0.0332x+0.0633 and regression coefficient i.e. r2= 0.9994moreover, the method was found to be highly sensitive with LOD(1.08µg/ml) and LOQ(3.29µg/ml). Conclusion: Based on the results the proposed method can be successfully applied for the assay of Dasatinib in various tablet dosage forms

Factor influencing the choice of pineapple marketing channel In samarahan, sarawak

Pineapple farming in Sarawak is mostly concentrated in Samarahan division due to the suitability of the land and the large number of people involved in this industry. The production of pineapple in Sarawak is for the domestic market only. Marketing channel decision is the most critical decision faced by farmers as it affects all other marketing decisions. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the factors that highly influenced the farmer’s preference towards the marketing channels. The results of this study showed that smallholder farmers in Samarahan sold their pineapples to 7 channels. A multi-stage sampling approach was used to select a sample of 117 smallholder pineapple farmers in Samarahan, Sarawak. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by using SPSS version 21.Keywords: Pineapple; Farmers; Marketing; Marketing channel

Kid Crop Kambing Kacang (Capra Hircus) Di Kabupaten Konawe Utara

Salah satu variabel penentu dalam mengukur perkembangan populasi ternak di suatu wilayah adalah jumlah kelahiran anak ternak. Pada ternak kambing dan domba, produktivitas seekor induk dapat diketahui dengan menggunakan indikator nilai panen cempe. Informasi tentang nilai panen cempe, khususnya ternak Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara masih kurang sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk memperoleh data tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai panen cempe Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu metode stratified sampling dan purposive sampling. Sedangkan penentuan responden pada desa terpilih digunakan metode sensus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rataan panen cempe Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara adalah 167,71% dengan interval kelahiran sebesar 8,61 bulan dan jumlah anak sekelahiran sebesar 1,36 ekor, sedangkan mortalitasnya mencapai 13,96%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah produktivitas ternak Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara masih cukup baik berdasarkan variable nilai panen cempenya