Circuit Models of Lossy Multic onductor Transmission Lines: Incident Plane Wave Effect

In this paper, we concentrate on the variety impacts of incident plane wave on multiconductor transmission lines, utilizing Branin’s method, which is alluded to as the method of characteristics. The model can be directly used for the time-domain and frequency-domain analyses, Moreover,  it had the advantage of being used without the need of setting the  preconditions of  the  charges  applied  to  its  ends; this permits it to be effortlessly embedded in circuit simulators, for example Spice, Saber, and Esacap. This model validity is affirmed by contrasting our simulation results under ESACAP and different results, and we will talk about variety impacts of incident plane wave

The behavior of CPW-Fed microstrip patch antenna with KOCH SNOWFLAKE Fractal Slots

This paper presents the behavior of CPW-Fed microstrip patch antenna with KOCH SNOWFLAKE Fractal slots on the borders of the radiating element and the ground plane. Increasing the number of iterations allows us obtaining lower resonant frequencies. The proposed antenna is an adequate solution for the 900MHz RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), 1710-1880 MHz LTE (Long Term Evolution), 1920-2170 UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and for 3.3 WIMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) applications. The simulations were performed with FEKO 6.3

Compact broadband antenna with Vicsek fractal slots for WLAN and WiMAX applications

This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Technologies and Systems Enabling 6G.This paper aims to design a compact broadband antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) applications. The suggested antenna consists of an octagonal radiator with Vicsek fractal slots and a partial ground plane, it is printed on FR-4 dielectric substrate, and its global dimension is 50 × 50 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna is designed and constructed using both CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® and CADFEKO electromagnetic solver, and in order to validate the acquired simulation results, the antenna is manufactured and tested using vector network analyzer E5071C. The measurement results show that the designed antenna attains a broadband bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) from 2.48 to 6.7 GHz resonating at 3.6 and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The broadband bandwidth covers the two required bands: WiMAX at the frequencies 2.3/2.5/3.3/3.5/5/5.5 GHz and WLAN at the frequencies 3.6/2.4–2.5/4.9–5.9 GHz. In addition, the suggested antenna provides good gains of 2.78 dBi and 5.32 dBi, omnidirectional measured radiation patterns in the E-plane and the H-plane and high efficiencies of 88.5% and 84.6% at the resonant frequencies. A close agreement of about 90% between simulation and measurement results is noticed.The authors appreciate the funding from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant 801538. In addition the partial support from the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/58), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is acknowledged

The behavior of a CPW-Fed miscrostrip hexagonal patch antenna with H-Tree Fractal slots

In this paper, a CPW-Fed microstrip hexagonal patch antenna is designed using the relationship between the design of microstrip circular and hexagonal patch antennas. Also, the setup of H-Tree fractal slot on the resonant element allows obtaining lower resonant frequencies, more -10dB bandwidths, more resonant frequencies and important gains. The simulation was performed with PCCAD 5.0 and FEKO 6.3

A Tri-band Miscrostrip patch antenna with Cantor Set Fractal slots for LTE and RFID applications

This paper presents a Tri-band Miscrostrip patch antenna with Cantor Set Fractal slots. Increasing the number of iterations allows us obtaining lower resonant frequencies and important gains. The proposed antenna is an adequate solution for the 1710-1880 MHz LTE (Long Term Evolution) and for the 5.8/8.2GHz RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) applications. The simulations were performed with FEKO 6.3

Analysis of transmission lines considering frequency-dependent parameters with linear and nonlinear loads

The primary objective of this paper is to model transmission lines with frequency-dependent parameters loaded with linear and nonlinear terminations using an approach based on Pade approximations. To validate our algorithm in the case of lines with constant losses and frequency-dependent parameters, examples of applications in the time and frequency domains are presented. The simulations and obtained results are reported and analysed

Ultra-Wideband Compact Fractal Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN, C and X Band Applications

In this paper, a compact dual-wideband fractal antenna is created for Bluetooth, WiMAX, WLAN, C, and X band applications. The proposed antenna consists of a circularly shaped resonator that contains square slots and a ground plane where a gap line is incorporated to increase the gain and bandwidth with a small volume of 40 × 34 × 1.6 mm3. The patch was supported by the FR4 dielectric, which had a permittivity of 4.4 and tan δ = 0.02. A 50 Ω microstrip line fed this antenna. The antenna was designed by the HFSS program, and after that, the simulated results were validated using the measured results. The measurement results confirm that the suggested antenna achieves dual-band frequencies ranging from 2.30 to 4.10 GHz, and from 6.10 GHz to 10.0 GHz, resonating at 2.8, 3.51, 6.53, and 9.37 GHz, respectively, for various applications including commercial, scholarly, and medical applications. Moreover, the antenna’s ability to operate within the frequency range of 3.1–10.6 GHz is in accordance with the FCC guidelines for the use of UWB antennas in breast cancer detection. Over the operational bands, the gain varied between 2 and 9 dB, and an efficiency of 92% was attained. A good agreement between the simulation and the measured results was found

Fibrous Nano-Silica Supported Ruthenium (KCC-1/Ru): A Sustainable Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Alkanes with Good Catalytic Activity and Lifetime

We have shown that fibrous nanosilica (KCC-1) can serve as a suitable support for the synthesis of highly dispersed ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles. The resulting KCC-1/Ru catalyst displayed superior activity for the hydrogenolysis of propane and ethane at atmospheric pressure and at low temperature. The high catalytic activity was due to the formation of Ru-nanoparticles with an active size range (1–4 nm) and the presence of hexagonal-shaped particles with several corners and sharp edges possessing reactive atoms with lowest coordination numbers. The catalyst was stable with an excellent lifetime and no sign of deactivation, even after eight days. This enhanced stability may be due to the fibrous nature of KCC-1 which restricts Ostwald ripening of Ru nanoparticles