Brain Hydatid Cyst

Brain echinococcosis is the most common brain parasitic infection in the world. It happens in a very rare location, representing 1% to 2% all cases with hydatid disease. It is more common by approximately 50–70% in pediatric population and young adultswith a male predominance. The definite hosts of echinococcus are various carnivores; man is an accidental host. The growth of hydatid cysts is usually slow and asymptomatic, and clinical manifestations are caused by compression of the involved organ. CT provides definitive results of diagnosis. It shows hydatid cyst as a spherical, well defined, thin walled, homogeneous and non-enhancing cystic lesion without peripheral oedema. Dowling technic is the most commonly done procedure designed to give birth to the intact cyst by irrigating saline between cyst wall-brain interfaces. Medical treatment can be indicated in multiple locations and in cases with peroperative rupture. Prognosis is often good, but same complications can occur after surgery and depend on the location, the size, the number of cysts and the technique used

Glioblastomes : les facteurs pronostics cliniques et génétiques

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and most aggressive brain tumor with a median survival of one year despit progress in diagnosis and therapy. It’s high-grade malignancy, called astrocytoma grade IV. It’s characterized by a rapidly progressive clinical deterioration and molecullares alterations in distincts genetics pathways. The diagnosis is established by nuclear imaging magnetic raisonnance and confirmation is made by pathological study based on the WHO criteria. Therapeutic strategy based on surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Age and neurological status as assessed by the Karnofski index and mutation of the IDH are the most important factors associated with prognosis. The aim is to highlight the value of molecular analysis in the identification of histopathological subtypes, clinical and genetic factors that predict prognosis.Les glioblastomes (GBM) sont les tumeurs cérébrales primitives les plus malignes et les plus agressives, avec une survie médiane d’un an en dépits du progrès des moyens diagnostics et thérapeutiques. Ils sont de haut grade de malignité, appelé astrocytome grade IV. Ils sont caractérisés par un tableau clinique rapidement progressif et des altérations molécullaires évoluant dans des voies génétiques distinctes. Le diagnostic est établi par l’imagerie par raisonnance magnétique nucléaire et la confirmation se fait par l’étude anatomo-pathologique en se basant sur les critères de l’OMS. La stratégie thérapeutique repose sur la chirurgie, la radiothérapie et la chimiothérapie. L’âge et le statu neurologique, évalué par l’indice de Karnofski et la mutation de l’IDH sont les facteurs les plus associés au pronostic. Le but est de  mettre en évidence l’intérêt de l’analyse moléculaire dans l’identification des sous types histopathologiques et des facteurs cliniques et génétiques qui permettent de prédire le pronostic