Dinemasporium Lev., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot.

Dinemasporium Lév., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 5: 274 (1846) Notes:— Léveillé (1846) introduced Dinemasporium with D. graminum (Lib.) Lév. as the type species. Dinemasporium members have superficial, setose, cupulate conidiomata, discrete or integrated conidiogenous cells and fusiform, naviculate or allantoid, aseptate conidia, with one setula at each end, with or without lateral appendages (Crous et al. 2012, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016, Hyde et al. 2020a). This genus is broadly distributed on various woody plants and some species have been recorded from soil and human sputum (Hussaini et al. 2000, Crous et al. 2012, Deshmukh & Verekar 2012, Hashimoto et al. 2015, Liu et al. 2015). There are 43 Dinemasporium species listed in Index Fungorum (2021).Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868

Robillarda Sacc., Michelia

Robillarda Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 8 (1880) Notes:— Robillarda was introduced by Saccardo (1880) and typified by R. sessilis Sacc. Robillarda members are characterized by their flexuous, narrow tubular, aseptate appendages and holoblastic conidiogenous cells, proliferating sympodially or percurrently near the apex (Crous et al. 2015, Jaklitsch et al. 2016, Hyde et al. 2020a). Robillarda species have a worldwide distribution, on various host species (Crous et al. 2015, Liu et al. 2019, Hyde et al. 2020a). There are 17 Robillarda species listed in Index Fungorum (2021).Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868

Robillarda africana Crous & Giraldo Lopez, IMA Fungus

Robillarda africana Crous & Giraldo López, IMA Fungus 6(1): 184 (2015) Index Fungorum number: IF 812797; Facesoffungi number: FoF 10700 (Fig. 4) Saprobic on grass litter. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 100–140 × 170–230 µm (x = 125 × 190 μm, n = 20), pycnidial, scattered, globose to subglobose, semi-immersed, unilocular, dark brown to black, ostiolate. Conidiomatal wall 30–40 µm, brown to dark brown, arranged in a textura angularis, cells towards the inside hyaline, at the outside darker, fusing and indistinguishable from the host tissues. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 4–5 × 2–3 µm (x = 4.5 × 2.5 μm, n = 20), phialidic, ampulliform to subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, deliquescing at maturity. Conidia 10–12 × 1.5–3 µm (x = 11 × 2.2 μm, n = 30), cylindrical to fusiform, straight or slightly curved, 1-septate, slightly constricted at median septum, hyaline to pale brown, rounded at both ends, smooth-walled, 3 extracellular appendages, 11–16 µm long, arising from the conidial apex. Culture characteristics:— Colonies on PDA reaching 35 mm diam. after 15 days at 28–30 °C, medium to medium sparse, circular, flat, dull, entire, thinly hairy, slightly irregular margins, smooth, colony from above olive to dark grey at the center, with pale grey to white margins, reverse darker grey, punctiform-like at the center, with greyish and pale yellowish middle area and white margins, no pigmentation observed. Material examined:— THAILAND. Chiang Mai Province: Mae Teang District, Mushroom Research Center (M. R. C.), on dead culms of unidentified grass (Poaceae), 18 March 2016, Ishani D. Goonasekara, IGm25 (MFLU 22- 0005, new host and geographical record), living culture MFLUCC 16-0888. Known hosts:— dead grass (Poaceae) (this study). Known distribution:— South Africa, Thailand (Crous et al. 2015, this study). Notes:— As morphological characters examined largely overlap with those of Robillarda africana (CBS 122.75), we report our collection (MFLUCC 16-0888) as a new host and geographical record of R. africana from dead grass in Thailand. Robillarda africana (CBS 122.75) was initially introduced by Crous et al. (2015) from South Africa (exact location and substrate unknown). Both isolates (MFLUCC 16-0888 and CBS 122.75) have pycnidial, globose to subglobose, semi-immersed, unilocular conidiomata, ampulliform to subcylindrical, hyaline conidiogenous cells (4–5 × 2–3 µm vs 3–10 × 2–4 µm) and cylindrical to fusiform, straight or slightly curved, 1-septate, hyaline to pale brown conidia (10–12 × 1.5–3 µm vs 11–12 × 2.5–3 µm) with extracellular appendages (Crous et al. 2015). Phylogeny also shows that our collection clusters with R. africana (CBS 122.75) with strong support (96% ML, 89% MP, 1.00 BYPP, Fig. 2).Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on pages 121-122, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868

Dinemasporium pseudostrigosum Crous, Persoonia

Dinemasporium pseudostrigosum Crous, Persoonia 28: 134 (2012) Index Fungorum number: IF 800164; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07316 (Fig. 3) Saprobic on culms of dead grass. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 60–100 × 120–150 µm (x = 80 × 135 μm, n = 15), stromatic, brown to black, superficial, solitary to gregarious, occasionally confluent, pulvinate, oval to rounded in outline, cupulate, with incurved margins, unilocular, setose. Conidiomatal setae 200–250 µm long, 3–5 µm wide, arising from the basal stroma, straight or curved, septate, brown but pale at the apex, thick-walled, acute, unbranched. Conidiomatal wall 8–10 µm wide, of textura angularis with cells brown to pale brown, thick-walled. Conidiophores lining the basal stroma, rectangular to cylindrical, smooth, pale brown to hyaline, unbranched. Conidiogenous cells 6–11 × 2–3 µm (x = 9 × 2.3 μm, n = 20), phialidic, subcylindrical to lageniform, hyaline, smooth. Conidia 8–10 × 2–3.5 μm (x = 9 × 3 μm, n = 40), hyaline, naviculate to fusiform or ellipsoid, obtuse or slightly acute at the apex, slightly truncate at the base, unicellular, eguttulate or guttulate, smooth, bearing 3–6 µm long, unbranched, single tubular appendage at each end. Culture characteristics:— Colonies on PDA reaching 4–5 cm diam. after 2 weeks at 28–30 °C, medium sparse, irregular, slightly raised, surface smooth with undulate edge, fairly fluffy and strongly irregular, wrinkled, folded margins, colony from above white, reverse pale yellow becoming greyish brown just surrounding the center as the colony matures, grey to pale yellow at the margins, no pigmentation observed. Known hosts:— Bamboo species, dead grass (Poaceae), Elymus farctus (Poaceae), Stigmaphyllon sagraeanum (Malpighiaceae) (Crous et al. 2012, Hashimoto et al. 2015, Li et al. 2020, this study). Known distribution:— Germany, Italy, Japan, Thailand (Crous et al. 2012, Hashimoto et al. 2015, Li et al. 2020, this study). Material examined:— THAILAND. Chiang Mai Province: Mae Teang District, Mushroom Research Center (M. R. C.), on dead culms of unidentified grass (Poaceae), 24 March 2016, Ishani D. Goonasekara, IGm34 (MFLU 22-0006, new geographical record), living culture MFLUCC 16-0894; ibid., on dead culms of unidentified grass (Poaceae), 28 March 2016, Ishani D. Goonasekara, IGm38 (MFLU 22-0007), living culture MFLUCC 16-0896. Notes:— According to the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), our isolates (MFLUCC 16-0894 and MFLUCC 16-0896) are identified as Dinemasporium pseudostrigosum. This taxon was originally described in Crous et al. (2012) from Triticum aestivum in Germany. Our new isolates cluster with D. pseudostrigosum isolates (CBS 717.85, CBS 825.91 and MFLU 15-0588) in a strongly supported clade (81% ML, 91%, 0.99 BYPP). In particular, they have a close relationship with the strain CBS 825.91 showing high statistical support (76% ML, 71% MP, 0.97 BYPP). Morphologically, our collections resemble D. pseudostrigosum (CBS 717.85, CBS 825.91) in having stromatic, brown to black, superficial, unilocular, setose conidiomata, subcylindrical to lageniform conidiogenous cells and naviculate to fusiform or ellipsoid, aseptate, hyaline conidia with tubular appendages at each end (Crous et al. 2012). However, our collections have slightly smaller conidia (8–10 × 2–3.5 μm) than the type species (12–13 × 3 μm) (Crous et al. 2012). Herein, we introduce our collection as a new geographical record of D. pseudostrigosum for Thailand.Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868

Chaetosphaeriaceae Reblova, M. E. Barr & Samuels, Sydowia

Chaetosphaeriaceae Réblová, M.E. Barr & Samuels, Sydowia 51(1): 56 (1999) Notes:— This family, introduced by Locquin (1984), was not considered as validly published due to not having a proper description. Therefore, Réblová et al. (1999) re-established this family to accommodate Chaetosphaeria as the type genus and six genera (Ascocodinaea, Melanochaeta, Melanopsammella, Porosphaerella, Porosphaerellopsis and Striatosphaeria).Chaetosphaeriaceae species are widely distributed as saprobes(Réblová etal. 1999, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016, Lin et al. 2019, Hyde et al. 2020a). Forty-three genera are accepted in Chaetosphaeriaceae (Hyde et al. 2020a). We followed Lin et al. (2019) and Hyde et al. (2020a) as the latest treatments for Chaetosphaeriaceae.Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868

Sporocadaceae Corda, Icon. Fungorum (Prague

Sporocadaceae Corda, Icon. Fungorum (Prague) 5: 34 (1842) Notes:— Sporocadaceae, also known as pestalotioid fungi, was introduced by Corda (1842) to accommodate Sporocadus as the type genus. Species of Sporocadaceae are cosmopolitan and have diverse lifestyles as endophytes, plant pathogens, saprobes, and associated with a wide range of host plants (Bonthond et al. 2018, Liu et al. 2019, Hyde et al. 2020a). Typically, appendage bearing coelomycetes genera are included in this family and have been subjected to several taxonomic treatments (Nag Raj 1993, Jaklitsch et al. 2016, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016, Liu et al. 2019). Thirty genera are accepted in Sporocadaceae (Liu et al. 2019; Hyde et al. 2020a). In this study, we follow Hyde et al. (2020a) as the most recent treatment for Sporocadaceae.Published as part of Goonasekara, Ishani D., Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. & Saichana, Natsaran, 2022, New records of two appendage bearing ceolomycetes on grasses in Thailand, pp. 113-128 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/638868