3 research outputs found

    Aspects endoscopiques de l’hémorragie digestive haute chez l’enfant : cas du CHU de Libreville

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    Introduction : L’hĂ©morragie digestive haute est une urgence dont le diagnostic et la prise en charge chez l’enfant au sein d’une unitĂ©  endoscopique pour adulte nĂ©cessite une Ă©valuation de nos pratiques. Ainsi le but de ce travail Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer les aspects Ă©pidĂ©miologiques, diagnostiques et thĂ©rapeutiques de l’hĂ©morragie digestive haute chez l’enfant.Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude transversale menĂ©e entre le 1er juin 2016 et le 1er juin 2017 dans les services d’hĂ©pato- gastroentĂ©rologie et des urgences pĂ©diatriques du CHU de Libreville. Nous avons inclus après accord parental, les enfants âgĂ©s de 15 ans au plus, prĂ©sentant une hĂ©matĂ©mèse et/ou un mĂ©lĂ©na. Les donnĂ©es dĂ©mographiques, diagnostiques et thĂ©rapeutiques ont Ă©tĂ© colligĂ©es. L’analyse statistique descriptive a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e via le logiciel SPPS20.0RĂ©sultats : L’hĂ©morragie digestive haute reprĂ©sentait 14,6% des indications des endoscopies pĂ©diatriques. Elle touchait les enfants de sexe fĂ©minin(78,6%), âgĂ©s en moyenne de 52 mois (± 13 mois) dont 26,7% Ă©taient drĂ©panocytaires. La consommation d’anti inflammatoire non stĂ©roĂŻdien Ă©taitretrouvĂ©e chez 64,3% des patients. Le dĂ©lai d’accès Ă  l’endoscopie Ă©tait de 2 jours. Les lĂ©sions retrouvĂ©es Ă©taient l’ulcère gastrique et/ou duodĂ©nal chez 50% et les varices oesophagiennes et/ou gastriques chez 28,5% des patients. Un saignement actif per endoscopique Ă©tait prĂ©sent chez 28,5% des patients. L’endoscopie hĂ©mostatique a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e chez 35,7% des patients.Conclusion : L’hĂ©morragie digestive haute chez l’enfant est une affection rare dominĂ©e par l’ulcère gastroduodĂ©nal dans un contexte de prise d’AINS. L’endoscopie est un moyen diagnostique et thĂ©rapeutique dont l’accessibilitĂ© devrait ĂŞtre amĂ©liorĂ©e. Mots clĂ©s : hĂ©morragie digestive haute, pĂ©diatrique, endoscopie thĂ©rapeutique   English title: Endoscopic aspects of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children: case of the Libreville university Hospital. Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children is an emergency whose diagnosis and management in adult endoscopic unit requires anevaluation of our practices. Objective: to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children. Patients and method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between June 1, 2016 and June 1, 2017 in the hepatogastroenterology and pediatric emergency departments of the University Hospital of Libreville. We included after parental consent, children aged 15 years at most, with  hematemesis and/or melena. Demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic data were collected. The descriptive statistical analysis was carried out via the SPPS20.0 software. Results: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding accounted for 14.6% of the indications of pediatric endoscopy. It affected female  children (78.6%), with an average age of 52 months (±13 months) of whom 26.7% were sickle cell. No steroidal anti-inflammatory use was found in 64.3% of patients. The time to access the endoscopy was 2 days. The lesions found were gastric and/or duodenal ulcer in 50% and esophageal  and/or gastric varicose veins in 28.5% of patients. Per endoscopic active bleeding was present in 28.5% of patients. Hemostatic endoscopy was performed in 35.7% of patients. Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children is a rare condition dominated by peptic ulcer in the context of taking no steroidal antiinflammatory. Endoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic means whose accessibility should be improved. Keywords: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, pediatric, therapeutic endoscopy. &nbsp

    Réponse Virologique au traitement par la combinaison pangénotypique Sofobuvir/Daclatasvir chez les patients porteurs du virus de l’hépatite virale C : étude transversale à Libreville (Gabon)

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    Introduction : Le traitement du Virus de l’hĂ©patite C (VHC) par les Antiviraux Ă  Action Directe (AAD) est l’arme principale qui permet Ă  l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© d’envisager son Ă©radication d’ici 2030. L’absence de donnĂ©es gabonaises sur ce traitement a suscitĂ© ce travail dont l’objectif Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer la rĂ©ponse au traitement par Sofosbuvir/Daclastavir. Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agissait d’une cohorte prospective de patients traitĂ©s pour VHC par la combinaison Sofosbuvir 400mg et Daclastavir60mg pendant 12 semaines du 1e janvier 2016 au 31 aoĂ»t 2018 dans le service d’hĂ©pato-gastroentĂ©rologie du CHU de Libreville. Etaient inclus, lespatients adultes porteurs du VHC, naĂŻfs ou non de traitement. Le critère de jugement principal Ă©tait la rĂ©ponse virologique soutenue. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© colligĂ©es sur des fiches standardisĂ©es. L’analyse statistique a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e via le logiciel SPSS 21. RĂ©sultats : Parmi les 396 patients inclus, 306 patients Ă©taient naĂŻfs de traitement (77,3%) et 90 en Ă©chec de traitement (22,7%). Le sex-ratio Ă©taitde 0,4. La moyenne d’âge Ă©tait de 54 ± 8 ans. Les comorbiditĂ©s Ă©taient l’hypertension artĂ©rielle (39,1%) et le diabète (24,7%). Les antĂ©cĂ©dents dechirurgie antĂ©rieure (30,6%), de transfusion (19,2%) et de scarifications (14,1%) reprĂ©sentaient les principaux facteurs de risques de contamination.Une fibrose sĂ©vère Ă©tait prĂ©sente dans 50,5% de cas. Les gĂ©notypes 4 (81,1%), 1 (10,1%) et 2 (8,8%) Ă©taient les 3 gĂ©notypes retrouvĂ©s. La rĂ©ponse virologique soutenue Ă©tait de 99,7%. Conclusion : L’association Sofosbuvir/Daclastavir prĂ©sente une excellente efficacitĂ© et ouvre un espoir vers une Ă©radication du VHC dans notre pays. Mots clĂ©s : VHC ; AAD ; Sofosbuvir /Daclastavir – Libreville – Gabon    English Title:Virological response to the pan-genotypic drug combination of Sofubuvir/Daclatasvir on Hepatitis C patients: cross-sectional study in Libreville (Gabon) Introduction: The treatment of hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) is the main drug that enables the World Health Organization to  consider its eradication by 2030. The lack of Gabonese data on this treatment has led us to carry out this work. The objective was to determine the treatment's response with Sofosbuvir and Daclastavir. Patients and method : This is a prospective cohort of patients treated with Sofosbuvir 400mg and Daclastavir 60mg for 12 weeks for hepatitis C, performed from January 1, 2016 to August 31, 2018 in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Libreville University Hospital. We included adult patients with a detectable hepatitis C viral load, treatment-naĂŻve or not. The primary endpoint was the sustained virological response. The data was collected from standardized sheets. The statistical analysis was carried out via the SPSS  software. Results: Among the 396 patients, there were 306 treatment-naĂŻve patients (77.3%) and 90 who had failed prior treatment (22.7%). The sex ratio was 0.4. The average age was 54 years ± 8 years. Comorbidities were high blood pressure (39.1%) diabetes (24.7%). Past history of surgery (30.6%), blood transfusion (19.2%) and traditional scarifications (14.1%) were the main risk factors for contamination. Severe fibrosis was present in 50.5%. Genotypes 4 (81.1%), 1 (10.1%) and 2 (8.8%) were the three genotypes found. The sustained virological response was 99.7%. Conclusion: The combination of Sofosbuvir and Daclastavir is excellently effective and opens up hope for the eradication of hepatitis C in our country. Keywords: HVC; DAA; Sofosbuvir/Daclastavir – Libreville – Gabo

    Drastic sex-dependent etiological distribution in severe liver diseases from Gabon

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    International audienceChronic liver diseases still represent a worrying public health issue in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this region, emphasis is generally made on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) albeit liver cirrhosis (LC) is also responsible for an important death toll. Very few studies have compared the presentation and etiologies of cancer and cirrhosis of the liver in Middle Africa. We conducted a comparative retrospective analysis of 74 and 134 cases of patients with HCC and LC treated in Libreville, Gabon. Viral or lifestyle risk factors, clinical symptoms, and biological features were compared. We observed that ages of diagnosis were 53.2 ± 15.7 years and 48.6 ± 18.6 years for HCC and LC with remarkably low M:F sex ratios (1.3–1.8). Ethanol consumption was highly prevalent in both disease types (65.0%–70.0%). Chronic viral infections with hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) virus were also widespread with slight domination of the former in both diseases (43.4% vs. 34.3%, and 35.9% vs. 28.5%). Patients with HCC were presenting very late with a mean diameter of the main nodule of 84 ± 50 mm and a multifocal pattern in 72.7% of cases. HCC developed on a cirrhotic liver in 91.7% of cases. Serum AFP was frankly elevated (>400 ng/ml) in only 35.8% of HCC cases. The most striking feature of the HCC series was the contrasted contribution of distinct pathogenic etiologies involving sex, viral, metabolic, and toxic factors. A frequently dysmetabolic condition synergizing with hepatitis C (anti-HCV, 73.8% vs 22.7%, p < 0.0001) in females and a male cancer promoted by recreational toxicants and chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg, 83.5% vs 35.9%, p < 0.0001) were observed. Men with HCC were considerably younger than women (46.8 ± 14.5 years vs. 62.2 ± 12.2 years, p < 0.0001). Further studies are now warranted to identify routes of HCV transmission and if they are still fueling reservoirs of future patients. Public policies to prevent alcohol-related harm have also to be urgently implemented in Gabon
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