A multipurpose landmark for skull-base surgery: Henle's spine

Objective: To determine whether Henle's spine could be used as a reliable and multipurpose landmark for the other important structures of the skull base

On the Efficiency of a Compound Poisson Stopping Rule for Mixed Strategy Testing

When testing software, testers rarely use only one technique to generate tests that, they hope, will fulfill their testing criteria. Malaiya showed that testers switch strategies when testing yield saturates. We present and evaluate a stopping rule that can be used to determine when it is time to switch to a different testing technique, because the current one is not likely to increase criteria fulfilment. We demonstrate use of the stopping rule on a program that is being tested for branch coverage with five different testing techniques. We compare savings and accuracy of stopping both with and without using the stopping rule. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. BACKGROUND 3. STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY 4. EXPERIMENT FOR MIXED STRATEGY TESTING 5. CONCLUSION 1. INTRODUCTION Since testing can only show the presence of errors, not their absence, testing criteria are one way to state how much needs to be tested. The idea is that when software has been tested against given testing crit..

Does Sericin, as a Novel Pleurodesis Agent, Have Higher Effectiveness Compared to Talcum Powder, Doxycycline, and Silver Nitrate Pleurodesis? [¿Es el nuevo agente pleurodésico sericina más efectivo para pleurodesis que el polvo de talco, la doxiciclina y el nitrato de plata?]

Introduction: The usefulness of sericin as pleurodesis agent has previously been described. Present study aims to compare sericin pleurodesis regarding success, effectiveness, tolerability, and side-effects. Methods: Adult, 12-week-old Wistar-albino rats (n = 60), divided to five groups as sericin, talcum-powder, doxycycline, silver-nitrate and control. Agents were administrated through left thoracotomy, rats sacrificed twelve-days after. Results: Highest ratio of collagen fibers was observed in sericin group, and the intensity was higher than talcum-powder group (p < 0.05). Compared to silver nitrate, sericin group displayed better mesothelial reaction, and multi-layer mesothelium was also better (p < 0.05). Foreign body reaction and emphysema were less frequent in sericin group (p < 0.05). The presence of biological tissue in parenchyma was less prominent in sericin group (p < 0.05). Foreign body reaction on thoracic wall was less common in sericin group (p < 0.05). Presence of biological tissue glue in thoracic wall was less prominent in sericin group (p < 0.05). Glomerular degeneration was lower in sericin group compared to the silver nitrate group (p < 0.05), and tubular degeneration was less common in sericin group than talcum group (p < 0.05). Pericarditis was less common in sericin group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: As an intrinsic, natural glue protein, sericin protects the lung parenchyma and tissues, and its glue-like characteristics enable pleurodesis. The success of sericin in pleurodesis was demonstrated in the present study based on investigations of the pleurae. Being cost-effective and better tolerated agent associated with a low potential of side effects, sericin is more effective, less expensive and provides more lung parenchyma protection. © 2018 SEPA