Die Einführung des Neuen Steuerungsmodells im deutschen Hochschulsystem. Erklärungsansätze für den Wandel im Management und der Verwaltung von Hochschulen

Das deutsche Bildungs- und Wissenschaftssystem unterliegt seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre einer hohen Veränderungsdynamik. Die staatlichen Hochschulen haben bereits den Großteil ihrer Studiengänge an das Bachelor- und Master-System angepasst, sie müssen u.a. auch das Gender Mainstreaming in ihre Entscheidungsprozesse integrieren und sich internationalisieren. Auch die Hochschul-Governance befindet sich im Wandel: Regulierende Vorgaben des Staates sollen reduziert werden und die einzelnen Hochschulen erhalten mehr Autonomie. Im Rahmen der Verwaltungsmodernisierung werden dabei die so genannten Neuen Steuerungsinstrumente implementiert. Elemente des New Public Management wie die leistungsorientierte Mittelzuweisung oder Zielvereinbarungen werden heute in allen deutschen Hochschulen eingesetzt, sie treten jedoch in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung auf. Zur Erklärung dieses Phänomens wird in der vorliegenden Dissertation neben den neo-institutionalistischen Theoriebausteinen der Politikwissenschaft die soziologische Organisationstheorie herangezogen. Als zentrales forschungsleitendes Annahmengerüst dient das Isomorphie-Konzept, das die zeremonielle Anpassung und Angleichung organisationaler Strukturen, Funktionen und Prozeduren an rationalisierte Mythen der institutionellen Umwelt postuliert. Dieses wird erweitert um weitere, von der Politikkonvergenzforschung herausgearbeitete Kausalmechanismen für die Implementation von Innovationen. Die theoretischen Vorannahmen werden empirisch geprüft durch die Analyse von Reformprozessen an drei Universitäten in den Jahren 1998-2008. Ziel der Arbeit ist, ein vollständiges Erklärungsmodell für den institutionellen Wandel im Hochschulsystem aufzustellen

Development and validation of a GC-FID assay for determination of fluvastatin in pharmaceutical preparations

A gas chromatographic method has been developed for the assay of fluvastatin sodium (FLU). FLU was silylated with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide-1% trimethylchlorosilane at 90 ºC for 30 min and analysed in a DB-1 column by capillary gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. The method was validated. The assay was linear over the concentration range at 10.0 to 50.0 µg mL-1. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were 1.0 and 3.0 µg mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of FLU derivatives were in the range of 99.25-99.80%. In inter-day and intra-day analysis, the values of relative standard deviation (%) and the relative mean error (%) were found between 0.20-0.80% and -0.20-0.75%, respectively. The developed method was succesfully applied to analyze the FLU content in tablet formulation. The results were statistically compared with those obtained by the official method, and no significant difference was found between the two methods. Therefore, it can be recommended for the quality control assay of FLU in pharmaceutical industry

RP-HPLC-DAD metoda za određivanje olmesartan medoksomila kao čiste supstancije i u tabletama izloženih razgradnji

A simple, sensitive and precise RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for the determination of olmesartan medoxomil (AT-II receptor blocker) in the presence of its degradation products. Olmesartan medoxomil and all the degradation products were resolved on a C18 column with the mobile phase composed of methanol, acetonitrile and water (60:15:25, V/V/V, pH 3.5 by orthophosphoric acid) at 260 nm using a photodiode array detector. The method was linear over the concentration range of 1–18 µg mL 1 and precise with RSD 2.0 for each peak and sensitive with LOD 0.03 µg mL−1 and LOQ 0.1 µg mL−1. The method was used to study the drug degradation behavior under forced conditions. Four degradation products (DP-I, II, III, IV) were formed during the degradation study in 0.1 mol L−1 HCl whereas only DP-I, II and III were formed in water, 0.01 mol L−1 NaOH and 3 % H2O2. No significant thermal or photolytic degradation was observed in solid drug. The method was applied successfully for the assay of olmesartan medoxomil in the tablet dosage form.U ovom radu razvijena je i validirana jednostavna, osjetljiva i precizna RP-HPLC-DAD metoda za određivanje olmesartan medoksomila (inhibitor AT-II receptora) u prisutnosti njegovih razgradnih produkata. Olmesartan medoksomil i razgradni produkti kromatografirani su na C18 koloni uz mobilnu fazu metanol/ acetonitril/vo da (60:15:25 V/V/V; pH 3,5 podešen ortofosfornom kiselinom) pri 260 nm uz detektor s fotodiodnim nizom. Metoda je linearna u koncentracijskom rasponu 1–18 µg mL 1 i precizna s RSD < 1 % tijekom ispitivanja repetabilnosti i intermedijarne ponovljivosti. Povrat od 99,3 ± 0,9 do 100,8 ± 1,2 % dokazuje točnost metode. Razvijena metoda je specifična na što ukazuje kromatografsku rezoluciju veću od 2,0 i osjetljiva (LOD = 0,03 µg mL−1 i LOQ = 0,1 µg mL−1). Metoda je upotrebljena za praćenje razgradnje olmesartan medoksomila u uvjetima potencirane razgradnje. U 0,1 mol L−1 HCl detektirana su četiri razgradna produkta (DP-I, II, III, IV), a u vodi, 0,01 mol L−1 NaOH i 3 % H2O2 samo DP-I, II i III. U čvrstom agregatnom stanju nije primjećena značajna termička ni fotolitička razgradnja ljekovite tvari. Metoda je uspješno primijenjena za određivanje olmesartan medoksomila u tabletama

RP-LC and HPTLC Methods for the Determination of Olmesartan Medoxomil and Hydrochlorothiazide in Combined Tablet Dosage Forms

Two new, rapid, precise, accurate and specific chromatographic methods were described for the simultaneous determination of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in combined tablet dosage forms. The first method was based on reversed phase liquid chromatography using an Eurosphere 100 RP C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm). The mobile phase was methanol–0.05% o-phosphoric acid (60:40 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1. Commercially available tablets and laboratory mixtures containing both drugs were assayed and detected using a UV detector at 270 nm. The second method involved silica gel 60 F254 high performance thin layer chromatography and densitometric detection at 254 nm using acetonitrile–ethyl acetate–glacial acid (7:3:0.4 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Calibration curves ranged between 200–600 and 125–375 ng spot−1 for olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively

Spectro photo metric and spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of pregabalin in bulk and pharmaceutical preparation

Two new, sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of the gamma-amino-n-butyric acid derivative pregabalin (PGB) in bulk drug and capsule. Pregabalin, as a primary amine compound, reacts with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazon (NBD-Cl) which is a highly sensitive fluorogenic and chromogenic reagent used in many investigations. According to this fact, spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of pregabalin in capsules were developed for the first time. The relation between the absorbance at 460 nm and the concentration is rectilinear over the range 0.5-7.0 mu g mL(-1). The reaction product was also measured spectrofluorimetrically at 558 nm afterexcitation at 460 nm. The fluorescence intensity was directly proportional to the concentration over the range 40-400 ng mL(-1). The method was applied successfully to the determination of this drug in pharmaceutical dosage form. The mean recovery for the commercial capsules was 99.93% and 99.96% for spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric study, respectively. The suggested procedures could be used for the determination of PGB in pure and capsules being sensitive, simple and selective. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Development of a selective LC method for the determination of pravastatin sodium

A novel, simple and rapid stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for pravastatin sodium (PRA) was successfully developed and validated for the assay of in tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically on a C-18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm) utilizing a mobile phase of methanol-phosphate buffer (pH 7; 0.02 M) (57:43, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) with UV detection at 238 nm. A linear response (r = 0.9999) was observed in the range of 1-5 mu g mL(-1). The method showed good recoveries (100.50%) and the relative standard deviation of intra and inter-day were 1.40%. The method can be used for both quality control assay of pravastatin in tablets and for stability studies as the method separates provastatin from its degradation products and tablet excipients

Determination of Gemifloxacin in Human Serum by Online Heart-Cutting Liquid Chromatography: Application to Pharmacokinetic Study

Introduction: In this assay, a new selective online heart-cutting Liquid Chromatographic method was developed for the quantification of gemifloxacin in serum samples