Generation, analysis, and applications of high resolution electricity load profiles in Qatar

Qatar is known to be one of the most energy-intensive countries in the world, yet very little is known about its electricity consumption patterns. In this paper, we unfold the electricity sector in Qatar by presenting high-resolution electricity load profiles, analyzing the unique consumption patterns, and with case studies, showing how load profiles can be used in applications such as demand-side management, renewable energy integration, and mathematical modeling. Moreover, using load profiles, we propose a methodology to estimate the cooling demand which represents the largest portion of the domestic demand. The data used in this study is collected from the official website of the Gulf Cooperation Council Interconnection Authority (GCCIA), validated by the available public datasets, and span a 12 month period from February 2016 to January 2017. The present paper contains the first high-resolution dataset in the GCC region and the results will shed light into future research studies

Small intestinal microbial dysbiosis underlies symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been implicated in symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), though mechanisms remain poorly defined and treatment involves non-specific antibiotics. Here we show that SIBO based on duodenal aspirate culture reflects an overgrowth of anaerobes, does not correspond with patient symptoms, and may be a result of dietary preferences. Small intestinal microbial composition, on the other hand, is significantly altered in symptomatic patients and does not correspond with aspirate culture results. In a pilot interventional study we found that switching from a high fiber diet to a low fiber, high simple sugar diet triggered FGID-related symptoms and decreased small intestinal microbial diversity while increasing small intestinal permeability. Our findings demonstrate that characterizing small intestinal microbiomes in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms may allow a more targeted antibacterial or a diet-based approach to treatment

Biochemistry and physiology of gastrointestinal somatostatin

Somatostatin, a tetradecapeptide initially isolated from the ovine hypothalamus, is widely distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract where it may act as a hormone, local chemical messenger, or neurotransmitter to elicit many physiological actions. Release of somatostatin from D cells in the gut is regulated by mechanisms that are both dependent on and independent of cAMP. In most cases somatostatin acts to inhibit the function of its target cells. It performs this action in part via pertussis-toxin-sensitive inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that regulate adenylate cyclase activity. Other mechanisms may involve sites of action distal to intracellular second messenger systems .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44411/1/10620_2005_Article_BF01536041.pd

Bound states in a system of two vector mesons

We propose that p-exchange gives the major contribution to the forces between two p-mesons. Using dispersion relations techniques, we look for s-wave bound states between two such particles. vIe find three bound states in the 1.2 BeV region. These have the IJ PG assignments: 02++, 11++ and 00'1-+, \ve identify the f and the B .. resonances with the first Bnd the second of these states. There are no known resonances corresponding to the third state. Next, lilB extend the above mechanism to the octet of vector mesons. t-Je require invariance under SU 3 and G, the charge pad. ty operator. Again there flre bound states in the energy region cited above. these have the following quantum numbers: ~. ,+ 2 (8 or 1)1 1 (8 1 ) and 0+(8 or 1). The numbers in parenthesis refer to the dimension of the corresponding irreducible representAtion of SU3 • vIe assign the f and the A2 to the 2+ octet, the 13 and the Kc to the 1+ octet. For the rest. there is 1."10 eXperimental evidence yet.U of I OnlyThesi