Selective perspectives of implementing computer technology in K-12 education in the State of Kuwait

Through this research, the author examined the opinions and attitudes of virtually every segment of the Kuwaiti society (i.e., administrators, teachers, students, parents, and community members) toward the use of computers and technology in K-12 education. A Likert scale questionnaire was the primary vehicle for data collection. This questionnaire was designed to find out value judgments for issues such as implementing computer technology as an independent subject in K-12 schools versus integrating computer technology in all other subjects. A stratified random sample was secured from all five Kuwaiti govemorates (i.e., regions) from 70 schools. The overall number of participants who received the study\u27s survey was 1,190. Of the questionnaires distributed, 1, 165 were returned, for a return rate of 97.89 percent. Both descriptive statistics procedures (e.g., frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics procedures ( e.g., factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey\u27s HSD multiple comparisons, and t-test) were conducted

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely