Analysis of the carrier transport in molecularly doped polymers using the multiple trapping model with the Gaussian trap distribution

AbstractWe have performed the comprehensive analysis of the time of flight curves using the multiple trapping model with the Gaussian trap distribution. Our analysis shows that flat plateaus on the computed curves are rare events. We have shown numerically that plateau formation for the non-equilibrium transport may be due to the presence of a thin defective (depletion) layer on the sample surface (two-layer model of a polymer film). Also, to describe the Poole–Frenkel effect, we have explicitly introduced an analogous field dependence for the frequency factor

Development of HVJ-Liposome Mediated Gene Therapy Using HSV-Thymidine Kinase Gene for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The suicide gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has given some promise, but the toxicity of adenovirusmediated gene delivery using the cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV) region linked to herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-TK) in combination with ganciclovir (GCV) therapy was reported. In this study, to improve the technical issue of conventional gene therapy, we examined the usefulness of hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ)-anionic-liposomemediated CMV-TK/GCV as an introductory target gene and development the selective application of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) enhancer/promoter or heat shock protein (HSP) promoter for gene therapy. By the luciferase reporter gene assay, both HVJ-liposome transfection and the transcriptional activation of AFP enhancer/promoter or that of the HSP promoter by heat treatment were found to be quite effective in vivo and in vivo/in vitro models respectively. The toxicity of HVJ-anionic liposome-mediated gene therapy was smaller than that of adenovirus-driven approach as judged by histopathological examination of experimental animals\u27 liver and GPT blood test. Thus, the HVJ-liposome-mediated AFP-TK/GCV or HSPTK/ GCV technique may be a potent and useful strategy of the gene therapy of HCC

The light-oxygen effect in biological cells enhanced by highly localized surface plasmon-polaritons

Here at the first time we suggested that the surface plasmon-polariton phenomenon which it is well described in metallic nanostructures could also be used for explanation of the unexpectedly strong oxidative effects of the low-intensity laser irradiation in living matters (cells, tissues, organism). We demonstrated that the narrow-band laser emitting at 1265 nm could generate significant amount of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both HCT116 and CHO-K1 cell cultures. Such cellular ROS effects could be explained through the generation of highly localized plasmon-polaritons on the surface of mitochondrial crista. Our experimental conditions, the low-intensity irradiation, the narrow spectrum band (<4 nm) of the laser and comparably small size bio-structures (~10 μm) were shown to be sufficient for the plasmon-polariton generation and strong laser field confinement enabling the oxidative stress observed

Intraductal papilloma of ectopic breast tissue in axillary lymph node of a patient with a previous intraductal papilloma of ipsilateral breast: a case report and review of the literature

The presence of ectopic breast tissue in axillary lymph nodes (ALN) is a benign condition that must be differentiated from primary or metastatic carcinoma. Here we report a patient who underwent excision of enlarged ALN 10 years after she had received surgical treatment of ipsilateral breast for an intracystic intraductal papilloma (IDP). Histological examination of the removed ALN revealed that the proliferative lesion consisted of papillary and tubular structures lined by luminal cuboidal cells and a distinct outer layer of myoepithelial cells resembling IDP of the breast. Immunostaining with a set of immunohistochemical markers including AE/AE3, alpha-smooth muscle actin and p63 in combination with estrogen and progesterone receptors confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic IDP